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Chapter 493 Guiding Thoughts

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    It can be seen that Zhuang Zhou still respects Mencius as a senior. Both of them are cynical people and cannot stand the chaotic Warring States era.  However, their ideas were completely different. Mencius wanted to change society, while Zhuang Zhou wanted to change people.

    Therefore, Zhuang Zhou¡¯s theory of the equality of things can be described as unconventional and very reasonable. Unfortunately, it is a subtraction, while human society is an addition, which is a completely different concept.

    As long as a person is born, he is one, not zero.  Unifying all things can only be achieved by zero. It is not a state that ordinary people can achieve. It makes sense, but it cannot be implemented.

    So Mencius might approve of Zhuang Zhou¡¯s writing, but he would never accept it or agree with it.  Because the idea of ??saving people from fire and water should still be based on addition, which is the addition of countless people and people.

    Zhuangzhou was very interested and thought that Mencius must agree with his theory of equality of things. However, he was too tired to go out, so he invited Mencius to come to his door.

    When Mencius heard that Zhuang Zhou had written The Theory of Equality of Things and asked him to come and taste it, he was naturally very happy. He still admired this young man from the Song Dynasty.

    So Mencius came to the door soon, and Yunyao was ready to entertain the guests, preparing mats, tables, cushions, and a full set of ritual utensils, all arranged according to Confucian etiquette, and they must be in good order.

    Mencius came to visit and was very satisfied. He felt that the family was very nice, their hospitality was very considerate, and they strictly observed etiquette.  At the same time, he was also a little strange, how could such a family produce such an informal person as Zhuang Zhou? When Zhuang Zhou visited his home before, whenever he got excited, he would forget about etiquette and completely forget that he was a guest.

    After greeting Mencius, Zhuang Zhou immediately presented his own bamboo slips of "Equality of Things" without even greeting him.  When Mencius saw that the other party was so excited, he immediately read the slip and did not dare to neglect it.

    It is indeed Wang Yang's willfulness and brilliant literary talent, and the idea of ????equalizing things in the article is indeed a wonderful flower. It is eye-catching to read.  The whole reading experience was very enjoyable, but after thinking about it carefully after reading it, I realized that this theory of homogeneity is correct nonsense and cannot be realized at all.  The imagination is very rich, but the practicality is basically nil.

    Zhuangzhou stared at Mencius with his eyes wide open, but did not see Mencius's expression of praise. Not only was there no appreciation, but he was very heavy.  Is it because I don¡¯t understand it or because I don¡¯t write well?  For a while, he began to worry about gains and losses, which shows that Zhuang Zhou was influenced by Mencius's personality charm.

    Yunyao also looked at Mencius¡¯ serious expression and thought that no one was surprised. For ordinary people, Zhuangzi¡¯s masterpieces have no effect and cannot really improve society.

    Mencius¡¯s views on benevolent government have been shelved because they were too beautiful. Zhuang Zhou¡¯s Theory of Equality of Things was even more beautiful, and it was even less likely to change the situation of the Warring States Period.

    Even mahjong must be played with benevolence, morality, and the spirit of the game. Writing a book and biography must naturally be for the country and the people. Correct nonsense obviously should not be written.

    "The writing is very good, but the content is a mess." Mencius criticized seriously: "You have talent and learning, but you don't know how to implement your talent. Many of your ideas are like the moon in the water and the flowers in the mirror. Beauty is beautiful, but  The state is of no benefit to the people. You should learn more about the writings of sages, think more about the country, and think more about how to stabilize the country."

    Zhuang Zhou obviously did not expect that his painstaking masterpiece would receive such an evaluation. He immediately became unhappy: "Why is it such a mess? If everyone does what I say, then they will find that the so-called right and wrong are not important at all.  , it¡¯s just everyone¡¯s intention, as long as all things are unified and everyone puts aside their intentions, there will naturally be no need to fight.¡±

    "If it can be done, of course it will be. But the human race in the world cannot reach the state of equalizing all things, just like fishing for the moon in the water is ultimately empty." Mencius said directly: "You wrote a beautiful fantasy, but from the time of Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors to now  , there is no trace of Qiwu at all, there was no such thing before and there will not be in the future. So Qiwu is just a beautiful fantasy, more unrealistic than the Mohist universal love, and more deviant than Zhu Yangguiji."

    Zhuang Zhou blushed, obviously unconvinced, but for a moment he didn¡¯t know how to refute.  After all, the theory of equalization of things has no practical basis, and it is difficult to logically reason out a reasonable process.

    "The Theory of Equality of Things" is just Zhuangzi's intuition and his further understanding of Taoism.

    Confucianism talks about the past kings and the laws of the ancestors. Yao, Shun, and Yu were so good, but now they are so bad. At least they can cite examples of benevolent governance.

    "But Zhuang Zhou's Theory of Equality of Things is full of fables, which sounds reasonable, but cannot be done.  Because in Zhuang Zhou's fables, those who have intentions are all mortals, and those who have no intentions are gods. This already explains the problem. Even Zhuang Zhou himself does not know which mortals have no intentions.

    Three Emperors and Five Emperors, Yao, Shun, and Yu, King Tang and Wen of Shang,?Who among the kings, Zhou Gong, Jiang Taigong, Guan Zhong, Confucius and Mozi had no intention?

    So Mencius¡¯s criticism is correct. Zhuang Zhou¡¯s idea of ??unifying all things is very reasonable, but it cannot be achieved.  Even Zhuang Zhou himself could not cite any mortal who could be the same as all things, let alone the Warring States period, an era full of intrigues and treacherous conspiracies.  There would be no unmotivated person in the Warring States Period.

    Zhuang Zhou was also speechless because he could not give any examples.

    Criticizing Zhuang Zhou for not being as good as Mohists and Zhu Yang is a very harsh criticism.  In Mencius' view, the best proposition is Confucian benevolence and righteousness. Although Mohism and Zhu Yang are popular among the people, they are not unreliable. Zhuang Zhou's theory of the equality of things is even less reliable than Mohism and Zhu Yang. That is really  Not popular anymore.

    Yunyao said that for those who are cultivating immortals, The Theory of Equality of Things can be described as a treasure book, no worse than the Tao Te Ching.

    "You can't say that. The Theory of Equality of Things has indeed pointed out the key point, which is also very important to Confucianism. Confucianism advocates that if you want to go one step further, you must equalize things." Yun Yao, pretending to be Zhu Yun, finally spoke.

    Meng Ke couldn't help but look at Yunyao, knowing that this man invented the ink card, taught the three evils, and even reversed the dilemma twice when hunting in the field. He was a very powerful wanderer.  He wanted to hear the noble opinions of this Lu scholar, so he saluted and said, "I am all ears."

    Yunyao said: "I know that when you proposed the Faxian Wang, Master Meng, you must have realized that Confucius' self-denial and restoration of rituals have limitations. Self-denial can only be required of oneself, and restoration of rituals cannot keep up with the times, so Confucianism lacks norms.  The standards of others, so you proposed the method of sages and ancestors, using the behavior of sages as a standard, not only can you demand yourself, but also demand others."

    Mencius nodded and had to admit that the other party understood his proposition very well. Zhu Yun was the first to sum up King Fa Xian in such a simple and clear way.

    "If all human beings abide by a standard of conduct, then the world will be peaceful. This is the purpose of King Faxian. However, obviously it cannot be truly achieved, but if you understand the Theory of Equality of Things, you will understand why it cannot be done. Because we, King Faxian  When you see only the surface of the behavior of the previous king, you cannot see the essence of the behavior of the previous king, which will lead to the painting of a tiger instead of a dog. If you cannot be consistent with yourself and the previous king, it is useless to simply imitate the appearance. Therefore  Although equalizing all things cannot be a proposition that benefits the country and the people, it can be a method and approach for the development and improvement of ideas and ideas." Yunyao said that the theory of equalizing all things cannot be implemented on individuals, but it can be implemented on ideas.  Virtual versus virtual.

    The Theory of Equality of Things can be further developed into scientific dialectics, and can become a methodology. Although it cannot govern the country, it is still good for improving ideological propositions and avoiding the intentionality of ideological propositions.

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