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Chapter 547 Four, five, four, one sound has silenced all the animals

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    The Kuomintang has a big appetite and wants to swallow all these sweet and savory things in one go.  Although the New China Party participates in the competition based on the principle of the more the better, it will not give up one city or one place easily. It will send its right-hand assistants to contact and negotiate with each congressman, trying to win more people to its camp and expand the New China Party's influence in the field.  dominant position in Congress.

    When the New China Party first proposed the motion to expel some unconstitutional members, the Kuomintang members were as frightened as a lost dog. They almost regarded the olive branches extended by various parties as life-saving straws, and even put down their bodies and took the initiative to stick to them.  During that time, countless opportunistic politicians gathered at the door of the New China Party headquarters outside the city.

    However, as the Kuomintang raised the banner of recruiting troops, the Kuomintang members soon realized that they had transformed from a lost dog into a key figure that all parties tried to win over. Each of them seemed to be a young woman who had successfully escaped from Dongguan and returned to her hometown.  The original look of panic turned into arrogance, and he pretended to be gentle and virtuous, as if he were a man who could not be lewd by wealth, power, or poverty.  In fact, their purpose of holding it is simply to sell it at a good price.

    Of course, their reserve is not unrewarded, at least the price of the members' prostitution has soared.  Less than a month after the founding of the Civic Party, the travel subsidy for members to vote once in Congress has risen to 200 yuan, and may be even higher at critical moments such as voting on the constitution and electing the president.

    Sun Yuanqi made a calculation in private: According to the "Provisional Convention", the election of the president requires the attendance of more than three-quarters of the members of the House of Representatives and the Senate, and he can be elected if he gets more than two-thirds of the total votes.  There are currently 596 seats in the House of Representatives and 274 seats in the Senate. To hold a presidential election, at least 653 people need to be present and 436 people agree to be barely valid.  Even based on the price of 200 yuan to attend and 500 yuan to vote in favor, voting in just one presidential election costs more than 350,000 yuan!

    If you splurge like this, let alone the wealthy local tyrants, even if there is Jinshan Yinshan, you can't support it. Besides, Yuan Shikai relies on foreign debt?  Obviously, Liang Shiyi and his group formed the Civic Party as a one-shot deal, with the purpose of electing the president.  I'm afraid that the day when the official president is elected will be the day when Congress comes to an end!

    Although Sun Yuanqi also hopes to recruit more members so that the New China Party will dominate the Congress, he also has his own principles. For example, the treatment of new members cannot be better than that of the original members of the New China Party. At most, it will be the same;  Another example is that new members of parliament can be given certain financial subsidies, but they cannot make unreasonable demands such as interference with justice or illegal promotions.

    ¡° In contrast, the Civic Party has no bottom line at all. It can do everything from taking over lawsuits to arranging positions, from occupying fertile land to giving away famous prostitutes.

    The Civic Party¡¯s money offensive soon saw results.  When Congress voted on the draft constitution prepared by the Constitution Drafting Committee at the end of November 1913, the Civic Party easily rejected the proposal.  This success further stimulated the Civic Party's arrogance. Not only did it aggressively recruit members from other small parties, it even poached members of the New China Party!  Fortunately, the New China Party had done solid work in the early stage, and Sun Yuanqi showed meticulous care for members of his own party, which allowed Liang Shiyi and others to return in vain.

    By December, the battle for members of Congress was finally settled.  Because of concerns about appearance, the New China Party only managed to gain more than 30 people in this feast. Although the results were far less generous than those of the Kuomintang, it still secured its position as the largest party in Congress with this result.  With more than 350 seats in Congress in his hands, Yuan Shikai should give Sun Yuanqi three points, because Sun Yuanqi may not dare to say who the future president will be, but he has the confidence to say who the future president will definitely not be!

    There is no doubt that the Civic Party is the biggest winner in this battle. It has gained more than 100 members from the Kuomintang. In addition, it has also recruited dozens of members from other small parties. Together with the old team, it owns the House of Representatives and the Senate.  The number of members exceeded 200, making it the second largest party in Congress after the New China Party.  Although it failed to achieve its original goal of controlling Congress, the Civic Party has become a powerful political force that cannot be underestimated, playing an important role in vetoing the constitution that restricts the power of the president and proposing the election of the president as soon as possible.

    As for the Kuomintang, there is no doubt that it is the saddest loser. Not only did it lose its position as the largest party in Congress, but even the members who worked hard to win the election were divided up by others, leaving only thirty or forty diehards who are struggling.  Support has barely preserved the name and glory of the alliance in the past.  It can be said that all my underwear is lost!

    With the end of the battle for members, because the other party has veto power, the New China Party and the Civic Party have maintained relative restraint and calmness, and do not dare to easily submit major and sensitive issues such as the draft constitution and the presidential election to Congress for a vote.  It shows that Shanghai will become calm, but everyone knows that there is something about to flourish below.With the eruption of a volcano, the situation in the Republic of China, which was founded less than two years ago, suddenly became delicate.

    The newly appointed U.S. Minister to China and former political science professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Reinsch, is keenly aware of the strange scene in the Chinese Congress. He wrote an article in the American Political Science Review, the journal of the American Political Science Association:

    "In the past one or two years, the largest empire in the Far East has undergone drastic changes in its national system. Political figures, institutions, laws and politics have undergone countless changes. Even the commentators who are most familiar with the situation in the Far East feel dazzled. And at this moment,  It suddenly became silent, as if there was suddenly silence when the opera was about to reach its climax, and it suddenly stopped when the story was getting better. While it was surprising, it also made people unable to help but investigate the reasons behind it.

    ¡°On the surface, the main factors for the calm situation are the two major parties in Congress, the New China Party, led by Prime Minister Mr. Sun Yuanqi (his other name is Dr. Johnson, perhaps better known to us), which advocates the formulation of a constitution first; and the New China Party;  The Civic Party, which is controlled by the interim president and the supreme leader of the Beiyang Army, the most powerful military faction, Mr. Yuan Shikai, advocates electing the president first. Each has the power to veto the other, so each has maintained relative restraint, causing the situation to temporarily calm down.  . Just like in a duel when the swords of both sides are pointed at each other's throat at the same time, at this time, the most rational behavior for both sides is to take a step back and look for opportunities instead of foolishly choosing to die together.

    "In the past two to three thousand years, this ancient empire has been under autocratic rule until the end of 1911, when the former interim president Mr. Sun Wen led a group of passionate students, young soldiers and a mob who did not know what a democratic republic was to overthrow the imperial rule. He lived in exile in the United States for many years  Mr. Sun Wen hastily drew on the political system of the United States and planned the initial democratic republic system for the newly established country, including a presidential system and separation of powers, but not a cabinet prime minister.

    "In order to avoid a humanitarian crisis in the Far East, with the active mediation of Western governments, Mr. Sun Wen reached a peace agreement with Mr. Yuan Shikai, who was in a military advantage in the north, and promised to give up the post of interim president. However, in order to limit Mr. Yuan Shikai's power and protect  The fruits achieved by the revolutionaries were that Mr. Sun Wen suddenly changed the presidential responsibility system to the responsible cabinet system before leaving office. From that moment on, the seeds of trouble were laid. The conflict between the government and the Yuan was inevitable. The key was only when it would break out.

    "In the original system design, Congress existed as a tool to restrict the power of the government and the struggle between the government and the government, but now this role has been very weak. At this time, Congress is more like a tool for the struggle between the presidential office and the State Council.  A place where the resort to force can be avoided, and a relatively peaceful fight. However, Congress¡¯s restraint means are very limited. The losing party may ignore Congress¡¯s ruling at any time and resort to force, thus triggering a nationwide war and causing serious humanitarian consequences.  Crisis. This is very worthy of our constant attention!

    "The above are only very superficial descriptions. There are deeper reasons behind the struggle, which can be analyzed from many angles, such as the institutional battle between the presidential system and the cabinet system, and the power struggle between the presidential office and the State Council.  , factional disputes between military factions and educational groups, etc. If we want to try our best to explore the deepest reasons in a clear and concise way through the complicated and troubled political situation, the author is more willing to attribute it to traditional Chinese Confucianism  and the ideological battle between modern Western democratic and liberal ideas.

    "As we all know, Mr. Yuan Shikai was born in a traditional Chinese bureaucratic family. Traditional Confucianism and autocratic rule had a deep-rooted influence on him, which made him extremely obsessed with power, especially the indulgent, supreme and unrestrained imperial power; and Mr. Sun Yuanqi  Growing up in the United States since childhood, the concepts of democracy and the rule of law have become an integral part of his thoughts along with scientific knowledge. When they work together, like fire and sea water, life and death, the most intense conflict breaks out.

    "Of course, their thoughts are not absolute. Although Mr. Yuan Shikai was denounced by the revolutionaries as a conservative and a dictator, he also actively advocated learning from the West during the self-improvement movement in the late Qing Dynasty, such as the German Army and the British Army.  Navy, the U.S. Congress, etc.; behind Mr. Sun Yuanqi¡¯s modern democratic and liberal thoughts, there are also thoughts of pursuing power, rejecting dissidents, and intending to be dictatorial. This is one of the reasons why China¡¯s current political situation is becoming increasingly complex.

    "Although the situation in China is becoming increasingly tense, and fighting may break out from Congress at any time, and then turn into armed conflicts and spread across the country, in the author's opinion, there are not no solutions to China's current predicament, because Mr. Yuan Shikai and Mr. Sun Yuanqi have already  There is a basis for mutual understanding. They only need to take a step back like duelists with swords pointed at each other's throats, and then divide the power distribution. God's belongs to God, Caesar's belongs to Caesar. All disputes  It will all be solved naturally. This is also the experience of Western political struggles in the past three hundred years!" (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com)Where the experience lies!  "(Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com
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