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If you ask everyone to name the famous international science awards, there may be many listed due to different majors: Nobel Prize, Fields Medal, Wolf Prize, Kyoto Prize, Shaw Prize, Graf Prize, and even China Outstanding Prize. Female scientist Tu Youyou recently won the Lasker Award
But if it is to be the most famous science and technology award in the world, then the Nobel Prize, which has a history of more than 100 years, will definitely not be second-guessed!
What? Fields Medal? Classmate, you study mathematics, right?
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Got it twice? Wow! Not only do you need to be good and lucky, but you also need to have all the excellent scientific research qualities and dexterous communication skills! You know, even the famous Comrade Einstein only received it once. In the history of more than 100 years, only four people have won this award twice. These four people are:
Polish-French female physicist and chemist Marie Curie, commonly known as Marie Curie, won the 1903 Physics Prize (shared with her husband Pierre Curie and Becquerel) for "the discovery of the radioactive element radium" ), "discovered radium and polonium, and isolated radium" and won the 1911 Chemistry Prize.
American physicist John Bardeen won the 1956 Physics Prize (shared with Brattain and Shockley) for "the invention of the transistor and research on transistor effects" and the 1972 Physics Prize for "creating the microscopic theory of bcs superconductivity" Award (shared with Cooper and Schriever).
American chemist Linus Pauling won the 1954 Chemistry Prize for ¡°study of the nature of chemical bonds and complex molecular structures¡± and the 1962 Peace Prize for ¡°uniting scientists from the United States and 49 other countries to call for an end to nuclear weapons testing¡±.
British biochemist Frederic Sanger won the 1958 Chemistry Prize for "determining the molecular structure of insulin" and the 1980 Chemistry Prize for "establishing the chemical and biological analysis of the structure of DNA" (along with Berg and Gilber). Special sharing).
Even if there are four people who have won twice, there is always a long period of time between them. For example, Marie Curie and Pauling both have 8 years; as for Sanger, the interval is 22 years!
Can you get it twice in one term? Can Swedes be so generous? Sun Yuanqi was surprised and confused, and took the paper from the man's hand.
It turned out that the piece of paper was a very brief telegram. Sun Yuan looked at the signature at first, and when he saw a few words written on it, he was stunned: "The Royal Society? It's not the Nobel Prize?"
Sun Yuanqi still knows that the Nobel Prize should be selected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
People around looked at Sun Yuanqi in confusion, and some people kindly reminded: "Professor Johnson, except for the larger bonus, the Swedish Nobel Prize does not have much reputation in the scientific community! How can it compare with the awards established by the Royal Society of England? Long history and famous?¡±
Does all glory require the accumulation of a long history?
Sun Yuanqi couldn¡¯t think too much and started reading from the beginning:
? mit forwarded to Professor Yank Johnson,
It is a great honor to inform you that, as assessed by the Council of the Royal Society, you were awarded the 1904 Copley Medal for elucidating the principle of the photoelectric effect and discovering that light has wave-particle duality.
Furthermore, according to the selection results of the Davy Medal Selection Committee of the Royal Society, you were awarded the 1904 Davy Medal for your outstanding contribution to the principles of chemical reactions.
The award ceremony will be held on November 31 this year at the Burlinonhouse in Piccadilly, London. We hope you will come on time.
Sincerely, Sir William Hagens, President of the Royal Society
22.09.1904
"Copley Award? Davy Award?" Sun Yuanqi, who is confident that he still knows a little about the scientific community, seems to have never heard that these two awards exist in the world. But just because Sun Yuanqi hasn't heard of it, it doesn't mean that others haven't heard of it. Hearing Sun Yuanqi's muttering, the colleagues around him cheered loudly:
"Wow! It's the Copley Award!"
¡°There¡¯s also a David Award!¡±
"Quick! Quick! Find some champagne!"
At this moment, Sun Yuanqi realized that he was really a novice. He grabbed someone beside him and asked in a low voice: "What are the origins of these two awards?"
Someone seemed to be happy to answer this question for Sun Yuanqi, and explained eloquently: "Let's talk about the Davy Award first. It is named after Humphrey Davy, the father of inorganic chemistry. It was established by the Royal Society of the United Kingdom. In recognition of scientists who have made outstanding and important new discoveries in any branch of chemistry. Since it was first awarded in 1877, it has been awarded once a year without interruption. This award is one of the most important factors in modern science and technology.The highest honor in the world, it seems that last year¡¯s winners were Mr. and Mrs. Curie! "
It is actually the highest honor in chemistry? Isn¡¯t the highest honor in chemistry the Nobel Prize in Chemistry? Sun Yuanqi began to feel ashamed of his ignorance.
In fact, the Davy Prize is indeed a banner in the chemistry community. Many of the winners are famous figures, such as Mendeleev, and the two-time Nobel laureates Marie Curie and Pauling just mentioned. In addition, there are dozens of Nobel Prize winners. In the first forty years since the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded, more than half of the winners had won the Davy Prize!
The man continued: "If the David Award is still limited to the field of chemistry, then the Copley Award is the highest honor award for all scientific achievements! You know, the Copley Medal is one of the oldest scientific awards in the world! It is Established with a bequest from Sir Godfrey Copley, a senior member of the Royal Society, it was first awarded in 1731 and will be awarded annually thereafter to scientists who have made outstanding achievements or significant contributions in scientific research, regardless of any discipline. It is There are no restrictions on the nationality, race, or time of completion of the award-winning project, and the same scholar can win multiple awards for different results. With Professor Johnson¡¯s results, you may be able to win several more awards in the future!¡±
Sun Yuanqi quickly expressed his gratitude for his praise.
The Copley Prize, which preceded the Nobel Prize by 170 years, was absolutely unparalleled in its fame at the beginning of the 20th century. Among his winners, Nobel Prize winners are no longer unusual, because there are really a lot of outstanding people, such as Darwin, Joule, Huxley, Einstein, Cavendish, and others who are now world-famous. Disabled scientist - Hawking.
Since such a sudden incident occurred, Sun Yuanqi's plan to return to China was naturally ruined. The only way is to let Vera and others go back first, go to England by themselves, and then take the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean. By the time they get home, I'm afraid it will be New Year's Day.
Long story short. In early October 1904, Sun Yuanqi set out from Boston and arrived in London twenty days later. Someone from the Royal Society was waiting at the dock. Afterwards, the Society held a simple but warm welcome party at the hotel. Sun Yuanqi felt honored that Sir Hagens, the 80-year-old president of the society, came to the venue in person.
Because China did not have a formal scientific organization in the late Qing Dynasty, it was naturally unable to sign a mutual visit agreement with the Royal Society. In this case, in accordance with Royal Society regulations, they will fund the living expenses of the visiting scientist, but the research visit cannot be less than 14 days nor exceed 3 months. During the dinner, the founder of celestial spectroscopy made a solemn suggestion to Sun Yuanqi, hoping that after returning to China, he would actively promote the Chinese government to establish corresponding institutions so that future exchanges between scholars from both sides would be smoother and more convenient.
Sun Yuanqi was a little excited: The establishment of such an organization in China can indeed bring the distance between domestic colleagues and facilitate exchanges between domestic and foreign academic circles, which will play an important role in improving China's scientific and technological level. Now my great-uncle Sun Jia Nai is the Minister of Education, in charge of education. It would be a pity if we do not take advantage of this great opportunity!
Seeing that Sun Yuanqi agreed, Hagens introduced in detail some of the UK's practices on exchanges of researchers and exchanges of international students for Sun Yuanqi's reference so that there would be no problems when integrating in the future.
After talking for a while, we talked about the arrangements for the future. Since it is defined as a research visit, Sun Yuanqi naturally has to visit various universities, research institutes, and laboratories. In addition, he will also be invited by the Royal Society to give an academic report.
What is the content of the report? This made Sun Yuanqi spend a lot of thought.
What is the principle of chemical reaction? This knowledge has been written into university textbooks and has become well known. It seems a bit unkind to use it by yourself!
Atomic structure? Photoelectric effect? Many of these things have not been recognized by the academic community. It seems inappropriate to publicize them in the conservative British public!
Quantum mechanics? Don't tell me whether you understand or not, just seeing this name, people probably won't want to come.
Theory of relativity? Cyclotron? Forget it, don't inspire them to create a killer weapon!
After much thought, I finally settled on a topic: antimatter.
Why did you choose this topic? Sun Yuanqi is based on the following considerations: First of all, this concept has just been proposed by Sun Yuanqi and Zhang Yihui not long ago, and it is very innovative. Secondly, positrons are easily found in cosmic rays, and the three types of particles humans now recognize happen to contain electrons¡ªthe other two are neutrons and photons¡ªthis will provide strong support for the theory of antimatter. . Third, this can provide a "purpose" for the mass-energy equation, of course, provided that antimatter is found. The last point is that it can allow some British scientists in the field of nuclear physics to turn their interest to the search for antimatter and prevent their minds from going in the wrong direction. You know, a hundred years later, no one has found any sign of antimatter in the vast universe!
Just as Sun Yuanqi was carefully preparing for this report meeting in the hotel, the concierge handed over a Chinese greeting card.
??????????????????????????????????????????????????]??????????????????????????? To ??suddenly see the familiar square characters in England, and I suddenly felt the joy of "meeting an old friend in a foreign land". I quickly opened it and saw that the signature read:
Later he learned from Li Fuji. (To be continued. If you like this work, you are welcome to come to Qidian (qidian.com) to vote for recommendations and monthly votes. Your support is my biggest motivation.) (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com )Years later, no one has found any sign of antimatter in the vast universe!
Just as Sun Yuanqi was carefully preparing for this report meeting in the hotel, the concierge handed over a Chinese greeting card.
??????????????????????????????????????????????????]??????????????????????????? To ??suddenly see the familiar square characters in England, and I suddenly felt the joy of "meeting an old friend in a foreign land". I quickly opened it and saw that the signature read:
Later he learned from Li Fuji. (To be continued. If you like this work, you are welcome to come to Qidian (qidian.com) to vote for recommendations and monthly votes. Your support is my biggest motivation.) (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com - Didn't finish reading? Add this book to your favoritesI'm a member and bookmarked this chapterCopy the address of this book and recommend it to your friends for pointsChapter error? Click here to report
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