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¡¾2580¡¿Defected wall

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    Another important reason is that the physical examination items in this era are too simple.  Among the physical examinations that children undergo at school every year in accordance with national requirements, the most heart examinations include an electrocardiogram and a chest X-ray. Some may not even be able to arrange an electrocardiogram.  In the absence of instruments for testing, let the doctor use a simple stethoscope to try to hear the subtle problems in the heart: Well, the doctor who can do this is a god.

    Besides, the number of heart diseases that can be determined solely by electrocardiogram and chest X-ray is very limited.

    To give the simplest example, a 16-year-old girl in bed No. 12 suffers from atrial septal defect.

    This disease can be considered a big or small disease.  Interestingly, it is a congenital disease, which means it is an innate abnormality that begins with embryonic development.  What is surprising is that many cases of this congenital disease are diagnosed in adulthood, turning it into a heart malformation common in adults.  What does it mean?  It shows that it is difficult to detect it without accurate medical detection equipment.  To be precise, a cardiac color Doppler ultrasound is required.

    Why can¡¯t this disease be detected in time with electrocardiogram and chest X-ray?  Let¡¯s talk about its pathogenesis.

    The interatrial septum is similar to a wall. As you can tell from the name, it is located between the left atrium and the right atrium.  The wall's job is to block. What separates the chamber is the blood in the left atrium and the blood in the right atrium, preventing the blood in the two atria from communicating.

    The name of atrial septal defect is more vivid, describing the characteristics of this disease: wall defect.  The defective wall shows up as either a hole, one, two or three, or it is directly missing, with a piece missing from the entire wall.

    Since the cause of this disease is congenital, we must start with how the atrial septum grows.

    During the process of building the room partition wall, you need to build an initial wall first, called the original partition.  If an abnormal block occurs during the completion of the primary partition, the gap left is called a primary hole.  If the foramen primum cannot be filled, it is called atrial septal defect.  This is one type of atrial septal defect.

    According to the above statement, the original diaphragm needs to be completely built, so that it will not cause disease.  The problem is that the process of building walls between rooms is built during the fetal period when the baby is in the mother's womb.

    There is a big problem with building walls during the fetal period: the oxygen and other nutrients that the baby absorbs during the fetal period are obtained through the placenta, not through its own breathing and pulmonary circulation.  Therefore, the right atrium and left atrium of the fetus need to be connected, so that the blood rich in blood oxygen and other nutrients in the placenta can flow directly into the left atrium and left ventricle of the baby, and then go to the entire systemic circulation to nourish the whole body.

    ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? away from the room and the whole wall can not be blocked by a wall, what should we do?

    We had to make a hole in the original wall. This hole grew from behind, so it is called a secondary hole.

    The pore secundum is useful for the baby during the fetal period, but it is useless after the child is born, and it will cause problems if it continues to be left.  The human body is prepared to block the hole in advance, so another wall grows on the original wall called the secondary diaphragm. This secondary diaphragm is equivalent to a patch that blocks the hole.  At this time, the secundum foramen has another name, which many mothers have heard: it is the famous foramen ovale.

    To sum up, in order to keep the left atrium and right atrium connected during the fetal period, the secondary diaphragm and the primary diaphragm do not fuse.  In this way, blood can enter the foramen ovale of the right atrium, and then pass through the gap between the primary diaphragm and the secondary diaphragm to the left atrium.

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