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Looking at a case of petitioning in the Qing Dynasty through history

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    Author: Shi Yuchun

    "Drafts of Qing History" Volume 352 Biography 139 "Jiang Sheng¡¤Jin Guangti¡¤Zu Zhiwang¡¤Han Wei [f¨¥ng]", there is a case of petitioning in Han Wei's biography, let's talk about it today, let everyone  Learn about the handling of single cases during the Qing Dynasty.

    This case was rehabilitated in the fourth year of Daoguang (AD 1824). At this time, the United States was less than 50 years old (48 years, the United States was founded in 1776), exactly 190 years ago (2014).

    Since the previous article talked about "rehabilitation", then this case must have been an "unjust, false and wrongly decided case".

    It is said that at the beginning, there was a county resident in Yuci County, Shanxi under the rule of the Qing government, and his name was Yan Sihu.  This Yan Sihu should not be a good person.  When Yan Sihu committed crimes, he raped a woman named Zhao Ergu.  After the case happened, Zhao Ergu and his party sued Yan Sihu to the government.

    The magistrate of Yuci County at that time was Lu Xiling, who received bribes from Yan Sihu's side during the trial of the case.  Therefore, the county magistrate forced Ergu Zhao to admit that this case was not a rape case, but a "harmony rape".  It is to let people admit that the relationship between the two parties is voluntary. This behavior, if it is light, is the so-called "immoral", and if it is serious, it is nothing more than "fornication".  The reason why the magistrate did this is that the punishment for adultery is much lower than that for rape, so that criminals who pay bribes can be excused.  However, the result of doing so is very unfavorable to the injured party. First, the injured party cannot appeal for grievances, and second, it is difficult to preserve the victim's reputation.  The magistrate's coercion during the interrogation process directly led to serious consequences, and Ergu Zhao was so angry that she committed suicide and died to prove her innocence.

    After the victim committed suicide, her relatives estimated that the situation of the local lawsuit was not good, so they carried out "Beijing Control".  The so-called "Beijing Control" is today's "appeal in Beijing".  The specific process of "appealing" has not been described in detail in history books.  Guess, there was no siege, interception, or brutal suppression during this petition.  As a result of the petition, the "Qing court" took over the case, and sent the governor to interrogate it himself.

    From the perspective of today, the governor should be regarded as a provincial and ministerial official, some of them are of the second rank, and some are of the second rank.  This high official sent by the Qing court personally tried him, but he didn't find out why, and the case was still concluded as "harmony".

    The case didn't end there. Yushi, Liang Zhongjing, who was in charge of supervisory officials, learned of the incident, and impeached a group of officials who had flaws in the handling of the case.  After going to court, the case was referred to the Ministry of Criminal Justice. After a detailed review by the Ministry of Criminal Justice, the case was indeed rape, not adultery, and it was clearly found out that bribery, bribery, entrustment, spreading rumors, favoritism, etc. occurred during the two trials of the case.  The real situation of breaking the law, indulging criminals, protecting subordinate officials, etc.  The final processing result is:

    The rapist Yan Sihu was beheaded;

    ?The victim Zhao Ergu gave a commendation;

    Governor Qiu Shutang, Prosecutor Lu Yuanwei, and officials from prefectures and counties, those who should be demoted are demoted, those who should be dismissed are dismissed, those who should be exiled are exiled, and those who should be exiled are exiled to the border.

    The emperor issued an imperial edict to reward the officials of the Ministry of Punishment for handling the case impartially, and Shen Xue argued.

    Liang Zhongjing was also awarded the title of fourth grade because he was seeking truth from facts in participating in the performance.

    In fact, this is a seemingly simple yet very complicated case, in which there are rapes, bribery, bribery, forced confessions, favoritism, "appealing in Beijing", mutual protection by officials, mutual supervision, and appeals to higher levels, etc.  wait.  However, the final result was satisfactory.  This at least shows that the Qing court still has its laws and systems.  (Remember the site URL: www.hlnovel.com
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