[1] "Huanxisha. Drizzle and oblique wind" by Su Shi. Ci
The drizzle and the slanting wind make dawn cold,
?Light smoke, sparse willows and sunny beach,
Entering Huai, Qing Luo gradually long.
? Snow foam milk flower floating noon cup,
Trial Spring Plate with Polygonum Velvet and Artemisia Bamboo Shoots,
The taste in the world is Qinghuan.
After all, it was winter, and it rained again, and the weather was slightly cold. Faint smoke curled up, and a few small willow trees by the pool seemed to be flattering the beach just after the rain cleared.
The servant served milky white milk tea, and then spooned it into the bowls in front of everyone; another servant carried a basket of fresh vegetables, and put them on the plate one by one.
Polygonum antler is emerald green, so intoxicatingly green; Artemisia officinalis is so pure and white; cabbage heart is slightly yellow, so yellow that it is full of spring. The three colors reflect each other, exuding a seductive taste.
The children were a little disappointed.
Mu Yu asked: "Isn't it boiled lamb [1]?"
Youcai responded, "Why are they all vegetables!"
"Where's the meat?" Mu Yu asked again.
Ji Xu smiled and said: "Try the spring plate with Polygonum antler and Artemisia annua bamboo shoots. There is a taste in the world and it is a joy. In the beginning of spring, you should eat more spring vegetables."
"There must be an order for hot-boiled lamb." You Gan told everyone, "Before eating, drink some milk tea, then boil some vegetables, and finally eat meat."
Ji Xu asked: "Arthur, how do you eat this mutton?"
Jackson said: "It is usually eaten as grilled lamb chops, and some are boiled The way of eating is different from yours. It is to find a large pot, cut an onion [onion] into 6 parts, cut potatoes [potatoes] into pieces, heat the oil Down¡¡"
Mu Yu asked: "Brother Arthur, this ox [onion] has a broken head [potato] is a boiled ox head!?"
"Where did you get the head?" Jackson said, "This onion is like the green onion here, but it is round; the potato is likelike a tarobut it has no haircut these things and put them in the pot with the mutton. , put some seasonings oops, it's a bit messy anywaybut it's also delicious"
"Isn't this the Mongolian stew in a big pot?" Yougan said, "The way to eat mutton is mostly invented by the Mongolians. Let's just say that this boiled mutton is said to be a kind invented by Yuan Shizu [Kublai Khan] gourmet food."
Jackson asked: "This is the emperor, but also study food?"
"What the hell, do you think China's emperor is so easy?" You Gan laughed, "The Mongolian army's ability to conquer and fight is obvious to all. They have always adhered to the characteristics of nomads, fighting bravely, marching fast, and often taking surprises Diet is particularly important for such an army. Only by ensuring enough calories can the soldiers have the strength to fight, so mutton has become their staple food.
However, stewing meat takes more time than food. If the time is short, it will not be fully cooked. If you eat it, it will not be easy to digest, and you will easily get sick.
Once, Emperor Shizu's army was exhausted and hungry. As soon as the pot was buried for cooking, the spies reported that the enemy army was approaching.
Time was running out, and the emperor saw that the mutton had been processed into large pieces, and the water in the pot was boiling. It seemed that it was impossible to cook the mutton pieces. He immediately took out the dagger, cut a thin piece of mutton, dipped it into the boiling water with the tip of the knife, and the meat was cooked instantly, and then dipped in salt to eat it, it was actually very delicious.
The emperor hurriedly ordered that the soldiers learn how to cook, and cut the meat by themselves, and the meal was quickly settled. Soldiers who are full of food and drink are more effective in combat, riding on horseback to defeat the enemy. Since then, this boiled mutton has become a Chinese delicacy. "
Jackson asked: "What does this Chinese mean?"
Yougan said: "Chinese people!"
Jackson said: "Oh, referring to us Chinese, this word is really good!"
"Hey~" You Gan said, "This China does not include you!"
Jackson asked: "Why not include me?"
Ji Xu told him: "The word 'Zhonghua' officially appeared in the history books, and it was in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The power minister Huan Wen had such an expression in the article "Please Return the Capital to Luoyang Shu": "Self-strengthening Hu Ling, the Chinese fall, In a state of embarrassment.' However, what is certain is that the term 'Zhonghua' existed long before Huan Wen"
"Sir, I mean, I" Jackson pointed to himself and asked, "Do I belong to China?"
"In the beginning, China only referred to the Central Plains. Of course, the emperor had the final say. After the founding of the Great Yuan Dynasty, Emperor Shizu legally designated you Semu people as part of China in the "Yuan Decrees". Besides, you Westerners admit that you live in Qin [China], so how can you not be the son of China?"
&Ask God for the land that produces gold; gold is the most precious of all commodities, gold is wealth, and whoever possesses gold will have everything he needs in the world, and at the same time will get his soul out of purgatory. The means of deliverance and restoration of the soul to the joys of heaven. "
In addition, Columbus's curiosity was also pulsed by his extensive reading and long-term sailing practice.
In his diary, there is such a passage: "Since I went to sea when I was young, I have never left the sea life. This kind of occupation seems to make all people in this industry have a desire to know the mysteries of the world." Feeling."
In 1476, Columbus joined a French pirate fleet.
During a battle against an Italian ship, his ship caught fire and sank. He jumped into the sea to escape, and he swam for a long time to reach Portugal. Columbus thought that he survived the catastrophe and arrived in Portugal because God arranged for him.
After studying the works of Ptolemy, Marco Polo and Day (1350-1420), Columbus came to the conclusion that the longitude of the entire earth is 360 degrees, from West Africa to the east to the vast Asian land It occupies 280 degrees (according to Ptolemy's vision, the southern tip of Africa is connected to the Asian continent), and the ocean from West Africa to the coast of East Asia occupies less than 80 degrees.
Because the "nautical mile" in Ptolemy's translation of "Geography" is an Arabic unit of measurement, and Columbus calculated without converting it to the European "nautical mile", so Columbus made another mistake. If sailing due west from the Canary Islands, this would reduce the distance to 50 nautical miles (80 km) per longitude since the longitudes there are shorter than the equatorial longitudes. In this way, sailing 6,400 kilometers due west from the Canary Islands, you will arrive at China, Japan and India.
(2) Obtain support
After the above inferences, Columbus believed that the plan of Prince Henry and his successors to take the southward voyage along the coast of Africa was unadvisable. However, since Columbus himself did not have the same conditions as Prince Henry to implement his plan, he could only pin his hopes on Prince Juan, who was in charge of Portugal's navigation at that time. However, Columbus was born in a humble family and had no chance to meet the prince. Columbus, however, was handsome and suave. In Lisbon, he often went to worship in the monastery where the daughters of the nobles lived. With this marriage, Columbus was able to get close to the royal family.
In 1478, when he peddled his plan to Prince Juan, he may have concealed the key part because he was afraid that his plan would be stolen by others. In addition, he usually talked big and no one trusted him, and the asking price was too high: except for the grain used for one year , three ships, and crew members, he demanded that he be made a knight, and serve as the governor of the newly discovered place and share 1/10 of all the wealth in the place, so no one believed it.
In 1482, after Prince Juan became king, he held a scholar evaluation meeting to review Columbus's plan, but it was finally rejected. Three years later, Columbus's wife died, and he left Portugal with his only son and came to the newly established Kingdom of Spain. Fearing that Columbus's plan would be adopted by other countries to reach India first, Juan II ordered the recall of Columbus, but was rejected.
After Columbus arrived in Spain, he started activities, trying to get support from Spanish King Ferdinand and Queen Elibera. In May 1486, the King and Queen finally summoned him. Because of his loyalty, self-confidence and rich geographical knowledge, Columbus left a good impression on the king and queen. Eager to beat Portugal in the race to open the East Indies, Spain supported Columbus's plan and commissioned a commission of sailors and scholars to study it. Unfortunately, the committee procrastinated, and no decision had been made by 1488. Columbus, impatient to wait, returned to Lisbon, trying to get support from King John. However, the Portuguese navigator Bartolomen Diaz returned victorious after rounding the Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of Africa. In this way, King John believed that the eastbound route to Asia had been opened, so he lost interest in Columbus' plan.
(3) American continent
On August 3, 1492, Columbus was sent by the King of Spain, and with credentials to the Indian monarch and the Chinese emperor, he led three sailing ships of about 100 tons, sailed out of the Atlantic Ocean from Puerto Barros, Spain, and sailed straight west. . After 70 days and nights of arduous sailing, land was finally discovered in the early morning of October 12, 1492.
Hearing people on land say "Indian, Indian" or something, Columbus thought he had reached India.
It was later learned that the land Columbus landed on belonged to the Bahamas Islands in the Caribbean Sea of ??modern Central America, and he named it San Salvador at that time. On March 15, 1493, Columbus returned to Spain. Since then, he repeated his westward voyage three times, and landed on many coasts of America. Until his death in 1506, he believed that he had reached India.
Later, after more research, an Italian scholar named Amerigo realized that the places where Columbus arrived were not India, but a continent that was previously unknown to the West. Columbus arrived at the "New World" that Westerners consider. Thus, the continent was named after the person who confirmed it to be what Westerners believed to be the "New World"¡ªAmerica. (Remember the site URL: www.hlnovel.com)An Italian scholar named Amerigo, after more research, realized that the places Columbus arrived at were not India, but a continent that was previously unknown to the West. Columbus arrived at the "New World" that Westerners consider. Thus, the continent was named after the person who confirmed it to be what Westerners believed to be the "New World"¡ªAmerica. (Remember the site URL: www.hlnovel.com