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[1] Li Yuhuang's Poetry of "Bian Song Bamboo Branch Ci"
The ground of Tiangong said the head of the lake,
Not necessarily Hangzhou wins juice state;
If Fu Linan Blind Girl Sings,
People in Hangzhou should feel nostalgia for their hometown.
The two of them turned around and went back to the antique shop.
Liu Ji said to the old shopkeeper: "Old man, I really like this painting, but I only have ten thousand taels of silver. I wonder if the old man can give it up?"
The old gentleman shook his head firmly.
Liu Ji continued to work, saying: "Rare things should be given to people who are destined, and you should not care about the amount of money. Xiaosheng saw this painting at the husband's place, which shows that he has a destiny with the painting, and he has a destiny with him. Xiaosheng likes this painting. , and also studied a lot. This painting was made by Zhang Zeduan in the first year of the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty [1101], and it was sent to the Imperial Palace at that time.
This painting is not just a simple depiction of daily life in the capital Tokyo [now Kaifeng, Henan] and the natural scenery on both sides of the Bian River during the Northern Song Dynasty. Instead, Zhang Zeduan raised his concerns about many social issues such as urban defense, security, and transportation by drawing admonitions. "
Liu Ji pointed to the Fire Watch Tower in the painting and said: "Zhang Zeduan painted the Fire Watch Tower, but no one watched it upstairs. What is even more exaggerated is that the two rows of barracks below the Watch Fire Tower were converted into restaurants. It is more terrible than the lack of fire protection. The most important thing is the slackness of the city defense.
In the painting, there is no guard above and below the city wall, and there are no fortifications on the earth wall, not even battlements for shooting arrows. It was supposed to be a heavily guarded city defense agency, but it turned out to be a shop. The boss was inspecting the goods, and the accountant was keeping accounts.
Judging from the picture, the whole Bianjing is immersed in a strong business atmosphere, and it is completely an undefended capital. This is not Zhang Zeduan's intentional design, but a true reflection of the declining military power and the increasingly indifferent awareness of prevention during the Song Huizong period. "
Liu Ji continued: "There are many boats in the picture scroll, many of which are private boats transporting grain. On the surface, this is a scene of prosperous business and trade, but it actually reflects an important mistake of the Communist Party of China at that time-Song Huizong will A large number of official ships transporting grain were used to transport Hua Shi Gang, causing problems in grain delivery. Private ships took advantage of the opportunity to enter, and gradually controlled the entire city¡¯s grain market, thereby manipulating grain prices.¡±
Liu Ji pointed to the "beside the city gate" in the painting and said: "The tax officer pointed to the sack and said a desired number, which aroused the dissatisfaction of the cargo owners. , alarmed the watchman on the tower to look down. The redundant tax system in the Northern Song Dynasty aroused the antagonism between the officials and the people, and this scene shows the tense relationship between the officials and the people at that time.¡±
The old shopkeeper and Ji Xu followed Liu Ji's fingers and listened to his explanation.
Liu Ji said: "There are two tragedies of profanity in the painting. The coachman used the large-character screen written by the deposed old party as a tarpaulin, wrapped other books and texts of the old party, put them on a string of carts, and pushed them to the Destruction in the suburbs reflects the cruelty of political struggles and the degree of destruction of culture and art at that time.
At the end of the scroll, the painter depicted a thrilling scene-two four-drawn carriages turned sharply and sped on a rampage, and passers-by had not had time to dodge.
You see, there are also temporary street intrusions here. At the gate of the city, rich people occupy the road and hold a scene of killing yellow sheep and offering sacrifices to the road gods to see off guests. It shows that the city management is chaotic, and the randomness is rampant"
[2] Zhang Shiji's poem titled "A Picture of Rising the River During the Qingming Festival"
? The painted bridge, the rainbow lying on the Bianhe Canal,
There is no wind and smoke on both sides of the strait;
Eyes full of rubble now,
People still get the pearls again.
The bustling dream breaks the two bridges,
Only the leisurely Bian Shuidong;
Who knows the picture day of the year,
Thousands of curtains are surrounded by emerald smoke.
"Zhang Zeduan wanted to show Song Huizong some social ills through "A Picture of Shanghe During the Qingming Festival". Unfortunately, Song Huizong was obsessed with painting auspiciousness and auspicious omens. He saw the intention of "Along the River During the Qingming Festival" and was unwilling to collect it. He only put it on the front of the volume Inscribed with five signs and stamped with the small seal of Shuanglong [Lost]. It was rewarded. After the Jingkang Revolution, "A Picture of Shanghe During the Qingming Festival" was involved in the Jinren area. The earliest postscript with poems was Zhang Gongyao of the Jin Dynasty .¡± Liu Ji pointed to the postscript poem in the painting and said:
"'The carriages and horses on the thoroughfare are noisy, it is the first year of Xuanhe; the Hanlin presented the painting book on that day, and the scenery of Taiping is being passed down; Shuimen went to the east to meet the Suiqu, and the fish scales in Jingyi were not as good; Lao Shi was always full of rings, so I know today's change Qiu Ruins; Chu Tuo Wu Qiang thousands of miles, bridge south bridge north good wind and smoke; in exchange for a dream of prosperity for a while, Xiao Drum Tower is like a side." The poem contains both the sigh of Zhang Zeduan's unrecognized reputation at that time, and the vicissitudes of life , The thinking of the prosperous and dreamy social reality. The poems are fluent and catchy, and can be recited or recited.¡±
Liu Ji pointed to the other inscribed poems and said: "The postscript poems of Wang Zhen of the Jin Dynasty and Zhang Shiji are each a seven-character poem. Wang Zhen's inscribed poems express his own opinions and express his own opinions.The reason for the cessation of prosperity in modern times comes down to the fact that treacherous officials are in power. However, Zhang Shiji¡¯s poems use contrasting methods to remind people to learn from the lessons of history, and through hard work, the pearls can be recovered and the dream of prosperity can come true"
At such a young age, he has such a thorough understanding of current affairs, and the old shopkeeper also respected Liu Ji.
Liu Ji narrated the inheritance of this painting, "In the first year of Jingding in the Southern Song Dynasty [1260], after the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, "The Picture of Shanghe During the Qingming Festival" was included in the secret palace. The person who installed the pool for the official craftsman secretly exchanged it with a fake copy. It was sold to a certain You official, you secretly sold it to someone else for the custodian, and you never know where it ends up" Liu Ji changed his voice and said, "But I don't know how this painting got into your hands?"
The old man saw that Liu Ji had done a lot of research on this painting, and he was afraid that Liu Ji would go to the government to report it, so he said: "I am also selling it for someone else, and the seller wants 10,000 taels of silver. I won¡¯t take a single penny, but I¡¯ll give it to you at the price you paid!¡±
Ji Xu hurriedly thanked and said: "Thank you, old man, for fulfilling everything." He hurriedly paid the silver taels, and went back to the guild hall with this "treasure of Chinese painting [1]".
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Notes
[1] Chinese painting
Chinese painting, referred to as "Chinese painting", is one of the traditional plastic arts in my country.
Traditional Chinese painting has no definite name in ancient times, and it is generally called Danqing. Traditional Chinese painting is a form of painting that mainly uses brushes, soft brushes or fingers to paint pigments or ink colors on silk or rice paper. It is one of the four arts of "Qinqi, Calligraphy and Painting".
The term Chinese painting originated in the Han Dynasty. People in the Han Dynasty believed that China was in the midst of heaven and earth, so they called it China, and called Chinese painting "Chinese painting", or "Chinese painting" for short.
Tools and materials - there are brushes, inks, Chinese painting paints, rice paper, silk, etc.
Subject matter - can be divided into figures, landscapes, flowers and birds, boundary paintings, etc.
Techniques - There are fine brushwork, freehand brushwork, outline, coloring, ink and other forms.
Styles - there are naves, banners, scrolls, fans, albums, long scrolls, buckets and screens, etc.
In terms of content and artistic creation, Chinese painting embodies the ancients' cognition of nature, society and related politics, philosophy, religion, morality, literature and art.
(1) What is "Boundary Painting"?
"Boundary painting" means "boundary drawing", which is a very characteristic category of Chinese painting.
?Use boundary rulers and lead lines when painting, so it is called boundary painting. Cut a piece of bamboo that is about two-thirds of the length of a pen, cut it into a semicircle and polish it, and carve a groove at the other end according to the thickness of the pen barrel. As an auxiliary tool, place the ruler on the desired position when drawing, and place the bamboo piece The groove is against the barrel of the pen, and the brush and the bamboo piece are held in hand, so that the bamboo piece is close to the edge of the ruler, and the brush is drawn in the direction of the boundary ruler, so that even and straight lines can be drawn. Boundary painting is suitable for painting buildings, and other scenery is matched with fine brushwork techniques. Commonly known as "gongbijiehua".
(2) China's four famous paintings handed down from generation to generation
Zhang Zeduan's "Surfing the River During the Qingming Festival" in the Northern Song Dynasty; Huang Gongwang's "Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains" in the Yuan Dynasty; Qiu Ying's "Han Palace Spring Dawn" in the Ming Dynasty; Castiglione's "Hundred Horses" in the Qing Dynasty.
(3) Several very distinctive artistic features in "Along the River During the Qingming Festival":
This painting is written with a pen part-time, with light and elegant colors, which is different from ordinary boundary paintings, which is the so-called "don't get married". The composition adopts the bird's-eye panoramic method, which truly and intensively depicts the typical area at the southeast corner of Bianjing at that time.
The author uses the traditional hand scroll form and adopts "scattered perspective" to organize the picture. The picture is long but not redundant, complicated but not chaotic, compact and compact, as if completed in one go.
The scenery captured in the painting is as large as the silent field, the vast river, and the towering city; as small as the characters in the boat, the display goods on the street vendor, and the words on the market sign, all are intact. In the picture, there are various plots interspersed, which are well organized and interesting at the same time.
The author of "Surfing the River During the Qingming Festival" is Zhang Zeduan. The year of birth and death is unknown, but the word is correct. Han nationality, born in Langya Dongwu (now Zhucheng, Shandong), a famous painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was eager to learn since he was a child. He traveled to Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan) in his early years, and later studied painting. During Song Huizong's reign, he worked in the Academy of Hanlin Painting, specializing in painting palaces and palaces, especially painting boats, shops, bridges, streets, and city walls. Later, he "made a living by selling paintings at home and selling paintings, and wrote "West Lake Struggle for Standards" and "Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival"". His genre painting "Along the River During the Qingming Festival" is one of the world famous paintings and also his representative work.
(4) "A Picture of Rising the River During the Qingming Festival" Jin. Wang Ke
The songlou wine market is full of fireworks, overflowing with millions of households in Guotian City; whoever turns desolation into weeds, the Weiyuan dictatorship is evil.
There is no day in the two overseas Chinese to cut off the rivers and boats, and the houses are connected with music and songs for ten miles; (Remember the site URL: www.hlnovel.com - Didn't finish reading? Add this book to your favoritesI'm a member and bookmarked this chapterCopy the address of this book and recommend it to your friends for pointsChapter error? Click here to report
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