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It is difficult to say how many states there are in the Italian region, but the six main forces have always been very clear.
First, the Papal States. mouth
Regarding this peculiar country, the most classic evaluation is: Although the Pope is unable to unify Italy, he has enough power to prevent others from unifying it. 2 11]
Second, the Principality of Milan.
When other states in Italy were still in the city-state republic, Milan took the lead in realizing the autocracy of the lord. seven 2
Third, Florence. { 16 ]
The system of this state was constantly changing, and finally, with the support of Spain, it became a principality a hundred years ago. Ren 11
Fourth, the Republic of Genoa.
This product is a vassal of Spain. A hundred years ago, the Spanish royal family went bankrupt and the German bankers lost everything. Genoa took the opportunity to lend Spain a steady stream of acquisitions
American silver ushered in a seventy-year-long golden age. With the reduction of silver production in the Americas, the Spanish royal family went bankrupt many times, and Genoa also fell into decline. 1 2
Fifth, the Republic of Venice. Jen 8]
About 200 industrial and commercial families constituted the oligarchy of Venice. The chief administrative officer is elected, and the nobles and powerful citizens form a council, which is then handed over to the steward
To deal with government affairs. It has a large number of overseas territories and has fought the Ottomans for 90 years. Sometimes truces, sometimes peace talks, sometimes cooperation, - all the while losing territory.
In addition, the Pope issued an excommunication order against Venice due to the abolition of priestly privileges. Although the Republic of Venice regards the excommunication order as bullshit, it also caused it to be banned by the government in Italy.
Governance isolation. Even though the excommunication order has been lifted through French intervention, political isolation persists. Jen 3]
While the states are isolating Venice, they also need Venice to resist Ottoman expansion. Probably there is a rascal in the village, and the villagers don't want to play with him, but they try hard to play with him.
I'm glad to see him fighting with the hooligans in the next village.
Sixth, Naples.
This thing belongs to the bargaining chip of the marriage between France and Spain. Both parties have suzerainty over Naples. It is either controlled by France or Spain. It is currently controlled by Spain.
Spain is in control.
55]
It has a vast territory, a powerful navy, and a high degree of centralization.
Among all the Italian states, Naples has the heaviest taxes and miscellaneous taxes, and the exploitation of the middle and lower classes is the most serious. Therefore, the subsequent Italian Unity-Revolutionary War,
Be the first to see a wave of revolution in Naples.
Naples City, - inside a leather shop.
Antonio, the owner of the shop, said to the gathering: "We have summed up several reasons for the failure of the uprising more than ten years ago. First, the leaders of the uprising cannot act arbitrarily, otherwise it will cause
Internal division; second, the French royal family is unreliable, they agreed to support the uprising, but they only want to usurp the fruits of our uprising; third, the Spanish king and governor cannot be trusted,
The governor must be killed!"
Naples is a kingdom whose king is held concurrently by the King of Spain.
Thirteen years ago, the governor of Naples announced a tax increase, the fishmonger Masaniello led the riots, and the lawyer Jenoino secretly fanned the flames. The slogan of the riots was: "Spain
Long live the king, we don't want taxes, the unpopular government (Governor) get lost. "
3]
?The Governor was forced to participate in negotiations and accept various demands. The fishmonger Masaniello was appointed "the most loyal leader of the people" and formed a people's government-
Everything goes too well, and the fish monger is quickly corrupted. He abandoned the initial appearance of the uprising, and after taking power, he acted arbitrarily, and even killed opponents at will. The governor hasn't shot yet, man
The civil government began to depose and arrest him, fled to a monastery and was killed.
The lawyer who planned the uprising, as the new leader of the people,
As a result, I wore a pair of trousers with the Governor. After the death of a tyrannical fishmonger, Jing is regarded as a hero by the people, and then continues to expose
A riot broke out, killing the usurping lawyer. The new leader of the people continued to suppress the uprising, the common people continued to uprising, and the uprising wave spread to Sicily. Jen 3
An arms dealer became the leader of the people, and announced the establishment of the Republic of Naples, which secretly won the support of the French royal family.
France directly dispatched the navy, and the French Duke of Guise was elected Duke of the Republic of Naples. This old man has intensified his exploitation of the people, and the uprising has spread to all directions
Square. In the end, Spain dispatched a large army, the French duke ran away, and the leader of the people (arms dealer) was executed.
Antonio the owner said:bsp; You can all make suggestions, let me draft the laws of the Republic, and then we will continue to adjust and modify
The common people here really can't live on.
Their king is also the king of Spain, and a governor is sent to govern. The oppression of the people is only a little better than that of the colonies. Moreover, there are nobles here, and the common people face
double oppression
As for the nobles, they also faced suppression from Spain, and many nobles wanted to make a revolution.
With the spread of this "Oriental Covenant", with the city of Naples as the center, the revolutionary trend of thought quickly spread to the whole country, and there were even revolutionary organizations in Sicily.
More and more petty nobles and businessmen connive or support the revolution, and some even join in personally. And with the accession of the nobles, the draft laws of the republic
Also followed the amendment, the Republic protects the interests of the progressive aristocracy.
7
The nature has obviously changed, from a revolution of the whole people to a revolution of the bourgeoisie and citizens, and the majority of Naples peasants have been abandoned again. 2 26
Just when Britain and France were marrying, the Naples Revolution broke out, known as the "Oriental Covenant" revolution in history. Jen 5]
This revolution was forced to be launched in advance, because the governor of Naples became alert, declared the revolutionaries to be treasonous parties, and dispatched troops to hunt them down.
The uprising people rushed into the Governor's Palace, hanged the Governor, and then opened the prison to release the prisoners.
On the second day of the revolution, the Republic of Naples was announced and the Naples People's Assembly was formed.
mouth
Antonio, the owner of the leather shop, was elected as the first consul of the republic. Carlos, the lawyer, was elected the first speaker. A large number of nobles and merchants, serving as members of parliament,
? Essentially stealing the fruits of the revolution.
Immediately, revolutionary riots broke out in the major cities of Naples one after another.
The nobles from all over the country formed the army of the Republic, and the merchants provided financial support, and gathered in the city of Naples urgently, because the Spanish army came from Sicily.
Spain did not have many troops in Sicily, and was completely defeated by the People's Army of Naples. Affected by this, part of the Naples navy rebelled and announced that it would join the Naples Communist Party.
Peaceful country.
The Republic of Naples initially gained a foothold, but splits appeared among the revolutionaries.
The citizen class represented by craftsmen and traders, uu reading <a href="<a href="http://www.uukanshu.com"" target="_blank">http://www.uukanshu.com" ;</a> target="_blank"><a href="http://www.uukanshu.com</a>" target="_blank">www.uukanshu.com</a></a > Contributed heavily in the early days of the revolution, but is now ostracized by Parliament. Lower-middle-level representatives should account for one-third of the original parliamentary seats
Two, but now only one-third is left. The Spanish king, who was in dire financial straits, could not send out a large army for an expedition.
The king urgently borrowed from Genoese merchants for war, but those Genoese merchants had long distrusted the Spanish royal family, which had repeatedly gone bankrupt. It's hard to raise part of it
, The military expenditure was still not enough, and the King of Spain asked the Dutch businessman for a loan.
The Dutch businessmen didn't borrow this time either. They have been cheated several times by the Spanish royal family's bankruptcy.
Who can afford to default on debts as soon as they go bankrupt?
As a result, the Spanish king could only increase taxes in the colonies, and Mexico and the Philippines were messed up. The local colonial officials even disregarded the royal family and intensified their smuggling activities.
Money to make up for the loss caused by the king's tax increase.
It may take one to two years for Spain to suppress the revolution in Naples before it can form a good army.
At the same time, King Louis XIV of France also set his sights on this place because he also has the right to inherit the King of Naples. The Republic of Naples announced the abolition of the throne, the pair
The king of France also had influence. Louis XIV even wanted to destroy it, and then declared himself the king of Naples.
But once this is done, war with Spain is inevitable in the future, and Louis XIV dare not act rashly.
The establishment of the Republic of Naples aroused violent repercussions in Italy, and the spread of the "Eastern Covenant" became even faster. A revolution broke out in Sicily as well.
Spain had to level with Sicily first - Didn't finish reading? Add this book to your favoritesI'm a member and bookmarked this chapterCopy the address of this book and recommend it to your friends for pointsChapter error? Click here to report
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