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Text 516 [Three consecutive good things]

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    The working model of the steam engine will be worked out by French physicist Papin in another 35 years.

    But this steam engine is a lever type.

    Another 11 years later, it was still Papin who proposed the idea of ??a piston steam engine, but did not actually start to manufacture it.

    Until the 31st year of Kangxi, the real industrial steam engine appeared, which is a vacuum steam engine.

    In the forty-fourth year of Kangxi, the atmospheric steam engine was born and was quickly used in coal mines, which can easily drain groundwater.

    Watt's improvement is the atmospheric steam engine, which can still only be used to lift water.

    Later, Watt invented the reciprocating steam engine, and the steam engine could be used in factories. In fact, decades ago, during the Kangxi period, there was already an idea of ??piston workmanship, and even the piston cylinder was designed.  What Watt has to do is to design the connecting rod and flywheel, and use the piston and cylinder.

    European steam engines have taken detours for decades, purely due to differences in commercial use.  Everyone only thought about using the steam engine to drain the mine, and had been tossing about it, but never thought about using it to drive the textile machine.

    And Zhao Han proposed from the very beginning that steam engines should be used to spin and weave cloth.

    Under this kind of thinking, neither vacuum nor atmospheric steam engines will be born.  If you want to complete the task assigned by the emperor, you can only move closer to the piston.

    However, it is still too outrageous.

    Xu Zhengming is simply a god. This guy directly produced the Watt steam engine in just four days.  Pistons, Cylinders, Connecting Rods, Flywheels, Spool Valves Everything!

    If you insist on asking how Xu Zhengming designed it, he will definitely say this¡ª¡ª

    "Cylinders? To make steam work, you must have cylinders." This is nothing. 35 years later, the first European steam engines also had cylinders.

    "Piston? To use steam, you have to push something to run. This thing is a piston." It is also understandable that after 46, European scientists also had this idea.

    "Connecting rods, flywheels? My flying chair uses connecting rods. Doesn't the water spinning wheel also have a flywheel?"

    "Spool valve? The flywheel is spinning. Isn't it logical to add a connecting rod to let the flywheel control the connecting rod?"

    Whatever Zhao Han did, he was never in a hurry.

    In his mind, it is acceptable to assign the task of inventing the steam engine and slowly grind it out in ten years.

    But what the hell is drawing a blueprint in four days and knocking out a prototype in a month?

    It's like a parent who urges his child to pass the exam, but in the end he gets a full score for the child.

    Of course, many places need improvement.

    From the French steam engine model to Watt's improved steam engine, it has been a long 86 years.  It took another 25 years from Watt's improvement of the first generation machine to Watt's perfection of the steam engine.

    Xu Zhengming's steam piston uses a cast iron core, wrapped in leather and oiled.  After the surface grease is worn away, the frictional resistance will be greatly increased.

    The improvement plan of this product is to wrap a layer of fine cotton soaked in vegetable oil on the outside of the leather, which can prolong the effective working time of the piston.

    Since there is no rubber, it is also a substitute for leather and cotton.  The airtightness is not too far off, the main problem is that it is easy to wear and tear, and it cannot withstand the high temperature environment, and it has to be replaced after a few days.

    In addition, compared with the full version of the Watt steam engine, Xu Zhengming's steam engine is still very unstable, and its work efficiency is much lower.  Because there are no planetary gears, no governors, no safety valves, no pressure gauges, no cylinder outer insulation

    In front of Zhao Han that day, the steam engine suddenly stuck, because the lack of a governor caused the flywheel to move at a non-uniform speed.  Coupled with the lack of planetary gears, the final reciprocating work can no longer reciprocate.

    Without safety valve and pressure gauge, this defect is barely acceptable.  Because of this simple steam engine, the steam pressure is very small, less than one-third of that during the Opium War, and only a few tenths of that during the Republic of China.

    Generally, it will not explode, and even if it explodes, it will probably not kill anyone.

    Let's put it this way, even if a loom that can be driven by a steam engine is built, due to the instability of the existing steam engine, it is necessary to have professional repairmen in the factory.  Turn it around and it won't turn, and small parts like gaskets and cotton layers have to be replaced every few days.

    However, no matter how many shortcomings there are, in terms of steam engine research and development, Zhao Han encountered a rare Tianhu start.

    The next step is to improve it. It is worthwhile to improve this steam engine in ten, twenty, or thirty years.

    In Europe this year, the Italian scientist Torricelli has measured the atmospheric pressure.  Newton is also one and a half years old, a premature baby, probably not yet weaned.

    &nb?? Local civil officials dare not offend, and search for the people's fat and anointing without any hindrance.  The commercial roads from Shanxi to Henan often go down Qinshui, Hao Yaoqi is still setting up a card in Qinshui to force tolls from those merchants.  Last year, a merchant made a report. Li Zicheng personally wrote a letter reprimanding him. He also fined Hao Yaoqi half a year's salary and ordered him not to do anything wrong.  "

    Zhao Han probably guessed what was going on.

    Xu Ying continued: "Hao Yaoqi withdrew Qinshui's business card, but still exploited the people. Li Zicheng probably sent spies to investigate. After learning the truth, he planned to let Hao Yaoqi change his defense. He didn't dare to hand over Zezhou.  This person guards. Hao Yaoqi was frightened and disturbed, thinking that Li Zicheng wanted to kill him, so he secretly wrote a letter to our court."

    "Has this letter been intercepted by Li Zicheng's spies?" Zhao Han asked.

    "Exactly," Xu Ying said, "Li Zicheng didn't dare to force himself. He secretly contacted Hao Yaoqi's generals, intending to trap him without bloodshed. The incident was leaked, and Hao Yaoqi brought five thousand soldiers, goods and rations with him.  They didn¡¯t dare to take too much away, so they went south and joined me.¡±

    Zhao Han asked, "Where is this person?"

    Xu Ying said: "North of Huaiqing Mansion, beside the Danshui River. The whole army has been disarmed, and the whole family is being detained in Huaiqing Mansion City."

    Zhao Han was very disappointed. A general defected with 5,000 soldiers. He thought Li Zicheng was engaged in a civil war there.

    Li Banghua said: "Your Majesty, you should treat this person with special favors, and there must be someone who imitates the hypocrite."

    But Zhao Han said: "Cut it off, and send the head to Li Zicheng. Just say that I also hate corrupt officials!"

    Chopped?

    Everyone is speechless
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