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Text Chapter 1686 Cultural Treasures

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    It can be said that the law of heaven circulates and retribution is unhappy. The Jin people suffered retribution, and the traitors of the Jin Dynasty will naturally not have a good end. This is just like the traitors in the Northern Song Dynasty, and their families will not have a good end.  Back then, after the Mongolian soldiers entered the city, Cui Li happened to be outside the city for the Mongols to urge the Jin Dynasty royal family to go on their way.  Unexpectedly, the Mongolian soldiers "entered his home first and took away the treasures and jade from his wives and concubines." Cui Li "cryed loudly after hearing the news" and had no choice but to report the news immediately! Soon, Cui Li himself was beheaded by his subordinates Li Qi, Li Boyuan and others.  , the soldiers and civilians of Bianjing "struggled with each other to taste it."  "The leader of the Jin (guo) captives and the emperor's ministers, a hundred years later, he started Cui Li's crazy plan to cause a catastrophe in Qingcheng. Zengzi said: 'If you are warned, if it goes against you, it will be contrary to what you are doing.'  "Don't you believe it?" The historians of the Mongolian and Yuan Dynasties (presumably after the Han people in the Southern Song Dynasty) also took pleasure in the misfortunes of the Jin Dynasty, so they made the above summary.  In May of AD 13 (the second year of Kaixing in the Jin Dynasty and the sixth year of Shaoding in the Southern Song Dynasty), the smoke and flames in Bianliang, "Nanjing" of the Jin Dynasty, gradually died down, and the shouts of charging soldiers gradually fell silent. Only the broken towers and oars of the former strong city,  And the smell of rotting corpses that can be smelled in the nose reminds the living people: this place has just experienced a hellish catastrophe.  Early summer is supposed to be the most pleasant season in the north. The breeze is blowing, the sun is warm but not scorching, and the sky is often so blue that it makes people feel like they are in a dream.  Suddenly, the Kaiyang Gate of Bianjing suddenly opened wide. There was no usual solemn Yu Yi, no sound of Jin Emperor's shouts to clear the way, but one after another elephant chariots, leather chariots, root carts, etc.  Heavy Zhai chariots and golden root chariots filed out.  This kind of ceremonial chariot, a discerning person can tell at a glance that it is a special chariot for the royal family.  The curtains of each vehicle were tightly closed, and they lost all the dignity and majesty of the past. From time to time, the uncontrollable sobs of men and women could be heard coming from the vehicles.  There were Mongolian soldiers standing in front, back and left of the chariot. They looked nervous and excited, their flat faces were dark and shiny, and they held the weapons in their hands very tightly unconsciously. ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????After that there were more than twenty large newly-built cars, and there were dozens of persons in each car, and judging from their attire, they were all men and women of the Jin Dynasty¡¯s clan.  After that, there was a large group of pedestrians, most of whom were leaders of Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism, medical officers, fortune tellers, craftsmen, and embroiderers. They were in despair and were driven away by the Mongolian soldiers.  Forward.  Among all these people, including the Queen Mother Wang of the Jin Dynasty, Queen Tu Shanshi, Liang Wang Wanyan Congke, Jing Wang Wanyan Shouchun (the second brother of Jin Aizong) and the beautiful concubines with titles in the Jin Dynasty palace, there are three cars in total.  Seventeen vehicles, more than 500 men and women from the clan, and countless sects, palace craftsmen, and embroiderers.  The final destination of these people was the Mongolian capital Helin (now Harhorin, Mongolia).  Of course, not everyone can reach Helin alive. Not long after the group left the city, Subotai, the commander-in-chief of the Mongolian attack on Bian, was already sitting high on the Qingcheng high platform five miles outside Bianjing City.  He ordered people to carefully identify all the royal men of the Jin Dynasty, including Liang Wang Wanyan Congke, Jing Wang Wanyan Shouchun, etc. from the vehicles one by one. After the counting and examination, all the golden men of the Jin Dynasty were slaughtered on the road like chickens and ducks.  Everyone on the border was massacred, and no one was left.  Then, Mongolian generals at all levels stepped on the blood everywhere, howling and screaming, and rushed into the vehicle of the beautiful concubine of the Jin Kingdom who had been frightened out of her soul.  Habits became natural, and the remaining women were regarded as rewards for victory in the siege. Several people grabbed one, stripped off these pale-faced beauties, and began a horrifying ***** in broad daylight.  The atrocities of violence continued until the next morning. The royal women and embroidered girls of the Jin Dynasty who were lucky enough to survive the brutal violence were escorted to Helin.  "The road was extremely difficult and difficult, especially during the Hui (Zong) and Qin (Zong) periods of the Song Dynasty." From 1128 AD to 1133 AD, 105 years passed, just over a century, in the same time  At that location, the same tragic scene happened again.  It¡¯s just that the tragic protagonist a hundred years ago was the Northern Song Dynasty royal family, and the tragic protagonist now is the descendant of the Jurchen royal family, the winner of that year.  The flat-faced soldiers standing in front and to the left of the Jurchen royal family are Mongolians from the prairie further north.  The history is surprisingly similar! History is really a bizarre drama! Once upon a time, the Jurchens, who were "ruining hair and drinking blood, almost non-human", after more than a hundred years of sinicization and civilization, finally became an orderly, advocating Confucian concept, and a civilized world.  part of it.  Nowadays, when the more barbaric Mongols, similar to their ancestors, come on horseback, the civilized barbarians can only bow their heads to the Mongols who are more barbaric than them.  The hard-won civilization was instantly shattered into pieces under the collision of iron fire!  In the seven or eight hundred years after the fall of the Jin Kingdom, in many poems and articles discussing the fall of the Jin Kingdom, the place name "Qingcheng" appeared frequently, which attracted attention.  Qingcheng was located south of Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan Province) in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the fourth year of Tianhui in the early Jin Dynasty (1126), the Jin soldiers conquered Bianjing. The Xu Song Dynasty negotiated peace and detached Song Huizong, Qinzong, their concubines, and the royal family to Qingcheng and escorted them to Qingcheng.  Golden State.  107 years after the incident, Cui Li stayed in Nanjing (Bianjing) of the Jin Kingdom and surrendered the enemy with the city. The Mongolian army also used Qingcheng to capture the concubines and royal family of the Jin Kingdom and went north to Helin.  History is so ruthless and yet so thought-provoking.  During the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, someone chanted a poem about Qingcheng in Bianjing: "A hundred miles of wind and frost are empty of green trees, and a hundred years of prosperity and ruin have restored Qingcheng." In the early Yuan Dynasty, Hao Jing's "Qingcheng Journey" poem said: "In the early years of Tianxing and the end of Jingkang, the country  It is similar to destroying a family. It is also common for the king to take over others. " During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Qian Qianyi, the second minister, said about the death of Jin: "Wow! The kings and ministers of Jinyuan rose from the sea and destroyed the Liao Dynasty and the Song Dynasty.  , like a prairie fire caused by poisonous fire. When it declines, it will turn into a weak leader and flatter his ministers. He will sit with his eyebrows lowered and his hands folded, waiting for his demise. The death of Song Dynasty will also be caused by Qingcheng, and the death of Jin will also be caused by Qingcheng.  The beginning will end like this, don¡¯t worry about it!¡± ¡°So, it is said that the cycle of heaven brings unfavorable retribution, if you cause pain to others, others will also add blessings to you.  In that era, it was an era that was more barbaric than barbaric. It defeated barbarism and barbarism defeated civilization until civilization became more civilized and left no room for barbarism. At this time, barbarians are savages, so let them continue to be barbarians.  Huangshan suddenly said: "No wonder now, the surrounding big countries don't want to see the Mongols." Seeing the funerary objects in Genghis Khan's mausoleum, you can know how barbaric they were back then. Now the retribution has been on their heads.  Let them continue to be barbaric.  At this time, Han Peacock also thought that the fate of the Mongols had not been much better since the Ming Dynasty.  The Jurchen descendants need them, but in the White Russian era, they were massacred in batches. Even though the country has been established, they are still poor. This should be their best destination.  "At this time, I understand why the country has become stronger and stronger, and it has not thought about bringing the Outer Mongols back. What would they do if they came back? Just surround them like this, keep them poor, and keep them living like barbarians.  Life is better." Jin Yao also sighed.  The Jin Kingdom robbed the Northern Song Dynasty, and they were robbed by the Mongols. Now only piles of relics are left here.  "It was true that barbarism defeated civilization. Look, these are the cultural and artistic treasures of the Jin Kingdom. But in the end, didn't they fall into the hands of Genghis Khan and enter his tomb?" Han Peacock looked at the paintings and calligraphy left behind.  A little emotional.  The development of art in the Jin Dynasty has also made great achievements in all aspects. For example, here, Han Peacock unearthed more than 500 scrolls in just a pile of waste paper.  With just a brief inspection, Han Kongque knew that these were famous paintings collected by the folk and Southern Song Dynasty collected by the Calligraphy and Painting Academy during the Jin Zhangzong era.  Among them, there are more than 550 volumes of calligraphy and paintings bearing the seals of Wang Tingyun and Secretary Lang Zhang Rufang. Of course, there are even more calligraphy and paintings bearing the seal of Jin Zhangzong.  In 1127, the Jin soldiers captured Bianliang, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and plundered the Song Dynasty's collection of paintings and captured the painters before heading north.  The court of the Jin Dynasty focused on the collection of famous paintings and calligraphy, based on the paintings collected from the Northern Song Dynasty and the Imperial Palace, and then collected them from the private sector to enrich them.  Under the influence of Han culture, the painting of the Jin Dynasty was more prosperous than the painting of the Liao Dynasty. Especially during the period from Jin Shizong to Jin Zhangzong, painting activities became increasingly active.  Jin Zhangzong was good at poetry and calligraphy, and also loved painting. He set up a calligraphy and painting bureau under the supervision of the government secretary to appraise the collected paintings, and imitated Song Huizong's calligraphy to inscribe and seal famous works.  "Picture of Flying Horses", "Picture of Dead Wood", "Picture of Divine Turtle", "Picture of Six Horses in Zhaoling", "Picture of Wen Ji Returning to the Han Dynasty", famous paintings were unearthed one after another, leaving Korean Peacock not knowing what to say.  .  Each of these famous paintings is a treasure, each one is a famous painting that has been passed down through the ages, but very few people have seen it. Even Han Peacock only knew that these paintings actually existed by reading history. He did not expect that they were actually here.  Saw them all.  At this time, Han Peacock also had to lament that several emperors of the Jin Kingdom also did some good things, such as robbing the collection of the Northern Song Dynasty royal family. Of course, the Mongols also did good things. They robbed the royal collection of the Jin Kingdom.  No matter right or wrong, no matter barbaric or civilized, these paintings and calligraphy can be preserved, and the robbers back then also have a certain amount of credit.  At that time, the Jin Dynasty set up a painting department under the supervision of the Shaofu, "in charge of the painting and engraving goldsmiths". The famous paintings at that time include Yu Zhongwen's "Flying Horse", Wang Tingyun's "Dead Wood", Zhang Gui's "Turtle", and Zhao Lin's paintings.  "Zhaoling Six Horses Picture Scroll", etc.?Zhang Yu's "Wen Ji Returns to the Han Dynasty" is the best.  Other works are by many famous people, such as Song Huizong. Although he was not very good as emperor, his thin golden body was outstanding.  (To be continued.)
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