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- Furthermore, Machiavelli does not completely deny the existence of morality, nor does he advocate complete selfishness or depravity. Literature Bar wxba Machiavelli clearly clarified his definition and the prerequisites for adopting cruel methods (it must be quick, effective, and short-term).
Despite this, the Catholic Church still included the book "The Prince" on the list of **, and later some humanists such as Erasmus also vigorously criticized the book.
The main contribution of The Prince in the history of political thought is the complete separation of realism and idealism. Although Machiavelli also emphasized the importance of morality, what a monarch should do is to use good and evil as a means to gain power, not the goal itself. A wise monarch will properly balance good and evil.
Pragmatism is the main principle that Machiavelli follows throughout his work, and it should be the guideline for a king to gain and maintain power. Unlike Plato and Aristotle, an ideal society is not Machiavelli's goal.
In fact, Machiavelli emphasized that cruel power or rewards should be used when necessary to maintain the status quo of rule.
Machiavelli¡¯s assumption that human nature is inherently evil also reflects his belief that cruel power must be used to achieve practical goals. A king should not have complete trust and confidence in his subjects.
Although many later generations misinterpreted Machiavelli's theory as Machiavellianism, which was just a misinformed name, the term was actually used to describe some political writings that appeared in the 16th century.
Due to this misunderstanding, the term Machiavellianism is often used in modern times to describe an end that justifies the means, or even an extreme political stance. This actually makes us ignore other more moderate ideas in Machiavelli's works. theory.
"The Prince" was a book that Machiavelli used to explain the way a monarch governs a country, while "On Livy" was a book that he used to defend the republic's political system, which concentrated the essence of all his republican political thoughts. "On Livy" is therefore considered a companion volume to "On the King".
"On Livy" summarizes a series of historical lessons, describing how a republic should be established and structured, covering the checks and balances and separation of power, the benefits of separation of political powers, and the advantages of a republic over a monarchy.
Another explanation for Machiavelli's two works is that "The Prince" was written by him in order to please the Medici family and obtain political positions, while "On Livy" is Machiavelli's real work. political masterpiece.
In "On Livy", Machiavelli's political philosophy first emerged, which had a profound influence on Rousseau in France. In "The Social Contract", Rousseau quoted Machiavelli's works many times.
The author of the book "The Devil's Textbook - About Machiavelli" is Wu Guangyuan (Ph.D., who teaches in the philosophy department of a university. He has also done considerable research on literature and history at home and abroad, and has published many articles.
The main works include "Philosophy and Wisdom", "Listening to the Master Speaks of Philosophy", and "Freud - When a person is most beautiful, that is when his sexual desire is at his strongest! ", "Nietzsche - Morality can be slavish, or vain, or self-interested. Or blindly. ¡±, ¡°Machievelli ¨C This was and always will be: evil follows good, and good follows evil. ", "Fromm - It's funny to say that humans are the only animals in the world who seek trouble for themselves. ¡· and other books. )
The book reads:
For more than four hundred years, in the minds of the world, the adjective Machiavellian has always had the same meaning as words such as cruelty, evil, cunning, and insidiousness. This adjective comes from a man, Machiavelli.
Machiavelli this person. It has also been regarded as a symbol of dirty politicians who like to play Machiavellian tactics, are hypocritical, have no regard for morality, and do not adhere to principles.
The world interprets Machiavelli's entire philosophy as the means to achieve the goal. Everyone has come to believe that Machiavelli's highest principle is the so-called political expediency. Determine right and wrong based on gains and losses.
The term oldnick, which was very popular in England in the 17th century, means the devil and Machiavelli. In other words, his notoriety is as bad as that of the devil.
??????????Is the contempt and criticism of Machiavelli in the world too harsh? Is it a fair assessment of him? There is room for further discussion.
"The Prince" is Machiavelli's masterpiece. Machiavelli's crime can be said to mainly come from this book.
This book was written in 1513. However, it was not published until 1532, five years after the author's death.
Since the 1630s, "The King" has been popular for a while, but it was classified as a masterpiece in the late 1850s. It was not until the 1870s that it was able to regain its reputation and sell well all over the world.
Several scholars in Europe believe that "The King" was written by humans for thousands of years.One of the most wonderful books of everlasting wisdom on life.
Before Marx, The Prince was written by Machiavelli of Italy, who was known as the father of political science and had a huge impact on human political thought. It is a theoretical book on monarchy and political power. and the ruler's desk.
It is said that King Charles of England could not put down this book; Olivier Cromwell treasured a copy of its manuscript; when King Henry IV of France was killed, people discovered that he was carrying a blood-stained copy of " "On the Prince"; Archduke Frederick of Prussia used it as the basis for his decision-making; Louis XIV, this famous French monarch, would review this book every night. He said: If you don't read this book, you can't sleep peacefully.
Napoleon never tired of reading "The Prince". When the victorious allied forces were cleaning up the Waterloo battlefield, they found a copy of "The Prince" full of annotations in Napoleon's chariot. Hitler kept it next to his bed and often read it. Draw strength; Mussolini called it a guide for politicians It can be said that political leaders all draw the essence of governing the world from "The Prince".
Even if they don¡¯t admit it in public, they have listened to Machiavelli¡¯s teachings in the secret room. Until the 1980s, Western public opinion listed "The King" together with "The Bible" and "Das Kapital" as one of the ten works that influenced human history.
The most influential book recommended by 113 Harvard professors! ¡ª¡ª"On the King"
The name of this great man makes any epitaph redundant! ¡ª¡ªMachivelli¡¯s epitaph
Several scholars in Europe believe that over the past thousands of years, humans have written three wonderful books of wisdom on life with eternal value: one is "On the King", the other is "Sun Tzu's Art of War", and the third is "The Book of Wisdom". ¡ª¡ª"New York Times"
Machiavelli's "The Prince" is a strange book that has mixed reviews and must be read. It has always been regarded as the desk book of European monarchs and the supreme guide for politicians. Since 1532, five years after Machiavelli's death, "The Prince" began to be printed. It has been more than 470 years since then, from the West to the East, from politics to academics. , "On the King" have caused widespread discussion and repercussions!
"On the King" is from the past five hundred years. The most widely read and cited political science classic. Since its publication, it has become one of the most controversial and influential books in Western civilization. The authoritarian ideas advocated in the book also made Machiavelli's name synonymous with evil, and it has been passed down for centuries.
This book is based on the ideas of "The King" and refers to other works. Let¡¯s discuss Machiavelli and his books from several aspects including Machiavelli¡¯s life, his views on monarchy, specific interpretations of his theories, and contemporary applications of his theories!
Preface: The inexplicable mystery - Machiavelli.
Chapter 1 - A notorious villain.
According to statistics from Isaiah and Berlin, Machiavelli has received at least twenty titles over the past 400 years: such as devil, defender of power politics, frustrated official politician, republican theorist, and scientist. wait. Leo Strauss called him the mentor of evil, Shakespeare called him the ferocious Machiavelli
Interpretation of the third dimension - the cursed giant.
Chapter 2©¤The Devil¡¯s Textbook.
Before Marx, he had a huge influence on human political thought. "The Prince" written by Machiavelli of Italy, who is known as the father of political science, is a theoretical book on monarchy and political power. It is a desk book for monarchs and rulers of all ages.
The evil words of wisdom in "The King". Using hegemony to save the nation: "On Kings" and "On History".
Chapter 3©¤How to dominate the world.
Being a monarch requires many factors. The relationship between force, power and citizenship. Some natural temperament etc. are essential.
Machiavelli believes that only when all conditions are met, can one become a qualified monarch, that is to say, he has the spirit of a king.
Don¡¯t bear the blame. Establish a good image. Monopolize and control the information dissemination system.
Chapter 4 - Politics is immoral.
Does politics need moral guidance? Does power need ethical constraints? Can the end justify the means? Is might greater than justice?
Is the reason for the state the fundamental basis for governing the country? Is public safety the supreme law of government? Is Machiavellian deception a necessary means to enter politics?
These are some of the problems that have always existed in political life throughout history. It is also a problem that mankind has not been able to solve so far and is still troubled by it.
The theory of power politics. To be political or to be moral: two different voices. Worship of power. ** Naked power tactics.
Chapter 5©¤Political power comes from the barrel of a gun.
Machiavelli is summarizing the ancientBased on the historical experience of Rome and medieval Italy, it is proposed that military affairs are the sole profession of the monarch and an important pillar for the establishment and prosperity of a country.
To consolidate his power, a monarch must concentrate on war and effectively control military power. There should be no other goals and no other considerations than war, military institutions and training.
When a ruler establishes a new order, it will inevitably be destroyed if he does not have his own armed forces to back him up. The army and the law are the two pillars of a country. Without a good army, there cannot be good laws, but with a good army, there must be good laws.
The army is the foundation of the country. Use war to stop war.
Chapter Six - Defeat Supernatural Destiny.
The promotion and praise of people is the theme of the Renaissance era, and Christianity and theology that restrain people are an ideological tradition that began in ancient Rome. This ideological tradition has always upheld the joy and uncertainty of fate.
In the Middle Ages, Machiavelli stood at an unprecedented height, opposed Christianity and theology, and advocated that humans control their own destiny. He became an ideological force that transcended political categories and caused widespread confusion in the religious, political, academic and social circles. Strong response.
Ask about fate, fate is not a command. Face destiny and let it bow its head.
Chapter Seven - Revealing Humanity¡¯s Secrets.
Starting from the humanistic view of history, Machiavelli liberated history from the shackles of religious theology; dialectically viewed the changes in the times and world affairs, revealing the obvious germination of modern historical philosophy; by raising people's subjective initiative to the level of controlling destiny , broke the historical cycle theory, combined history with politics, and promoted history to serve politics.
Human nature is the source of all evil. Decipher the laws of rise and fall in human history.
Chapter 8 - It is difficult to conclude the coffin.
Machiavelli was a priest and an enemy of the church. Machiavelli was a patriot and a savior who never forgot the unification of Italy.
He is also a military scholar and a pioneer in advocating the establishment of a national army. Machiavelli was also a philosopher who invented a new way of thinking - practical spirituality.
Machiavelli is an outstanding writer; writers all express their admiration for the masculine beauty and indifferent attitude he reveals when writing
There was a lot of noise. Unfinished Thoughts on Machiavelli. Our stance: borrowingism. - Didn't finish reading? Add this book to your favoritesI'm a member and bookmarked this chapterCopy the address of this book and recommend it to your friends for pointsChapter error? Click here to report
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