Perched on Hutoushan Mountain, the sound of waves accompanies me as I sleep soundly, and monsters and monsters pay close attention to me, looking majestic and awe-inspiring. [./First text, I am used to hearing the sound of gulls and staring at the vast sea, who dares to invade.
The scenery of Ludao Island is beautiful, with rippling blue waves and sparkling glow. This is Xiamen, Fujian Province, one of the key military ports built in the naval planning of the Republic of China.
Ming Dynasty belongs to Quanzhou Prefecture. In the 20th year of Hongwu's reign, "Xiamen City" was built, which means the gate of the national building. The name "Xiamen" has since been included in the annals of history. In the seventh year of Emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty, Zheng Chenggong stationed troops in Xiamen, and in the twelfth year of his reign, he established Simingzhou; in the 19th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign, he was abolished; in the 23rd year of Emperor Kangxi's reign, he established a military base in Xiamen, and Daoyin's stationed troops in Taiwan belonged to Fujian Province. In the 25th year of the reign of Emperor Yongzheng, Xingquan Road moved from Quanzhou to Xiamen. In the 29th year of Guangxu's reign, Gulangyu Island in Xiamen became a "public concession". In April of the first year of the Republic of China, Jiaheli, Kinmen, and Xiaodeng in Tong'an County were merged into Siming County. On April 28, the Siming County Government was formally established and affiliated to the Fujian Military Government. In September, it was promoted to Siming Prefecture and then abolished.
During the short unification war in 1915, the Kuomintang entrenched in Fujian was seen to be out of reach. Under the call of national justice, except for a few unwilling radical revolutionaries who fled overseas, most of the others accepted the unification order from the Central Committee of the Republic of China. , stopped resisting. In March of the same year, Xiamen was re-incorporated into the notice of the Republic of China. In June, Kinmen and Xiaodeng were separated to establish Kinmen County, and in July, Xiamen Road was established.
At the beginning of 1916, the Republic of China launched a movement to abolish the foreign concessions in China. At that time, the European and American powers devoted themselves to the European war and did not want to offend the Republic of China too much. Therefore, they took the initiative to make concessions and agreed to negotiate for the return of the Gulangyu Public Concession to the Republic of China. In November of that year, with the victory over the Russian Far East Army, the Republic of China abolished the Gulangyu Public Concession and allocated more than 700,000 yuan in three years to build the Xiamen Military Port. By the beginning of the 19th century, after several years of construction, it had become one of the important military ports of the Republic of China Navy. It is also one of the three major naval submarine bases of the Republic of China. Admiral Cheng Biguang, one of the five major admirals of the Republic of China Navy, is the commander-in-chief of this Xiamen military port and is also the deputy commander-in-chief of submarines of the Republic of China Navy.
Being able to be appointed by Li Han as the deputy commander-in-chief of the secret underwater armed force submarine shows how favored Cheng Biguang is. In fact, he is indeed an extraordinary figure. He was born into a peasant family. His father, Cheng Peifang, was doing business in America. He died of illness in Honolulu in 1871, and Biguang returned home with a coffin. In 1872, with no means of livelihood, he went to live with his brother-in-law Lu Yunshan. At that time, the Fuzhou Shipping Bureau had just built the "Jingyuan" gunboat, which was led by Lu Yunshan. Lu Yunshan ordered Cheng Biguang to learn navigation skills.
In 1875, Cheng Biguang was admitted to Fuzhou Shipping School to learn navigation and driving. After graduation, he worked as a trainee on the "Yangwu" ship. Later, he successively served as the supervisor of the Nanyang Navy's "Chaowu" gunboat, the supervisor of the "Yuankai" gunboat, a teacher at the Fujian Navy School, and the supervisor of the "Guangjia" clipper of the Guangdong Navy. After accumulating merit, he was promoted to the capital department and promoted to the "Guang Bing" ship management team.
In May 1894, the Qing government reviewed the navy for the second time. Yu Xiongfei, the registered commander-in-chief of the Guangdong Navy, took the three ships "Guangjia", "Guangyi" and "Guangbing" to Beiyang for a drill. During the exercise, "the three Guangdong ships sailed along the way" During the drill, the boat formation changed neatly, the geese moved in unison, and they maneuvered freely." "The target was also hit more than 70% of the time." After the military exercises, the situation in North Korea became increasingly tense. Cheng Biguang wrote to Li Hongzhang, requesting to stay in Beiyang to prepare for war. Li Hongzhang accepted this proposal. The two ships "Guang Yi" and "Guang Bing" stayed in Beiyang. After the "Guang A" ship returned to Guangdong to deliver the tribute lychees, it also stayed in Beiyang. So all three ships in Guangdong were incorporated into the Beiyang Navy.
On July 25, the Japanese Navy provoked a war in the sea near Toshima. On September 17, the main force of the Beiyang Navy encountered the Japanese Combined Fleet in the Yellow Sea and started a war. At that time, the "Guangbing" was on guard at the port. After the battle started at 12:50 noon, Cheng Biguang commanded the "Guang Bing" ship to rush to the battlefield at 1:30 p.m. and join the battle. At 2:40, the "Guang Bing" fired a cannon to damage the Japanese ship "Xijing Maru" and caused a fire. The "Fukuryu" torpedo boat took the opportunity to fire two torpedoes. At that time, Vice Admiral Shiki Kayama, the commander of the Japanese Navy, was riding on the "Saikyo Maru". He thought "I have finished my work" and could only sit back and wait to die. Unfortunately, both torpedoes missed and he narrowly escaped. During the naval battle, Cheng Biguang was hit by shrapnel in the abdomen and his underwear was stained with blood.
On January 30, 1895, the Japanese army began to attack Weihaiwei. Since then, the Beiyang Navy was trapped in Weihaiwei Port. On February 11, Admiral Ding Ruchang and Yang Yonglin, the commander of the "Zhenyuan" of the Nursing Left General Military Administration, refused to surrender and committed suicide. Some foreigners discussed the surrender with Niu Changbing and others from the Weihai Guard Camp Office, and decided that the American foreigner Haowei would draft a surrender letter and beg for surrender to the enemy in the name of Ding Ruchang. On the 12th, Cheng Biguang took the "Zhenbei" gunboat to submit the surrender document to the Japanese flagship. On the 17th, the Japanese army entered Liugong Island and the entire Beiyang Navy was wiped out.
After the war, Cheng Biguang was dismissed and returned to his hometown. His younger brother Kui Guang was the captain of the "Zhen Tao" ship of the Guangdong Navy at the time. Because of his relationship with Sun Yat-sen, a fellow villager, he joined the Xingzhong Society in Guangzhou. After Cheng Biguang returned home, he agreed to join the association after being persuaded by Sun Yat-sen and his younger brother. In October 1895, the Xingzhonghui uprising plan was leaked, and Cheng Biguang fled to Penang Island in Nanyang. In 1896, Li Hongzhang was on a diplomatic mission to Europe. When he passed by Penang Island, Cheng Biguang paid him a visit. Li Hongzhang persuaded him to return to his country and invited him toAvoid the responsibility of annihilating the entire army in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1894.
Cheng Biguang returned to China and resumed his service in the navy. Later, he successively served as warship commander, director of the Shipping Department, and commander of the cruise fleet. He once led the cruiser HMS Haiqi to England to attend the coronation ceremony of the British King. Later, large-scale anti-Chinese incidents occurred in Cuba and Mexico. Commander-in-Chief Cheng Sui visited Cuba and was warmly welcomed by the local Chinese. However, the Cuban president was intimidated by the military power of the Haiqi and had to tell Cheng Biguang: "The Cuban military and civilians will never discriminate against overseas Chinese." The Haiqi docked in Cuba and planned to visit Mexico after rest. The Mexican government Without waiting for the Haiqi ship to visit, he apologized to the Qing government for the anti-Chinese incident and compensated the victims for their loss of life and property. The Chinese warship canceled the visit. Cheng Biguang conducted a successful gunboat diplomacy during the voyage.
During the Beiyang Government period, he lived in Shanghai. But Yuan was very worried about him living in the south. In the spring of 1913, Yuan sent officials to invite him to Beijing and hired him as a senior adviser to the navy, and then appointed him as a counselor in the general office of the army and navy commander. Cheng Biguang's days in Beijing were not satisfactory. Yuan Shikai showed respect for him but was actually worried about him. He secretly arranged to supervise his every move, which completely distanced him from his beloved navy. In 1914, after Yuan Shikai was assassinated during the War to Protect the Country, Li Han, a powerful man who occupied the southwest and the Yangtze River Basin, took advantage of the situation to conquer the Central Plains. After successfully settling in the center, although the person supervising Cheng Biguang disappeared. But Cheng Biguang's situation did not improve much, because although he resumed his military duties at that time, he became an empty general.
During Li Han's administration, the Republic of China adhered to the policy of strengthening the army and weakening the navy. For a long time, national funds and resources were tilted towards the army, although Cheng Biguang had repeatedly written to the Navy Ministry and even wrote a letter directly to the president. The government still failed to change this situation. For this reason, he was once sad and despairing, thinking that the navy of the Republic of China would never rise again. Just when he was about to resign from his public position and go home to retire. His love for the navy moved Li Han, and he met with him in person. After a detailed analysis of the internal and external environment that the Republic of China was facing at that time, he begged him to take up the post of commander-in-chief of Xiamen Military Port, which was already being planned by the Republic of China at that time. In name, he He only has one light cruiser with a displacement of 2,000 tons and a few gunboats at his disposal. He is a small fleet commander who can only destroy pirates. Secretly, many submarine caverns were built in Xiamen Military Port, and he controlled the largest underwater fleet in the Republic of China.
"It's almost time!"
Cheng Biguang took out his pocket watch, glanced at the time and murmured to himself. The underwater fleet in his hands has been divided into three units last night. One unit rushed to Keelung overnight and the other unit headed south to sneak attack the Keelung naval port. The other group is responsible for sneak attacks on the Japanese fleet stationed in the Penghu Islands, where there is also an old battleship. The last group is responsible for sneak attacks on several Japanese light cruisers and destroyers stationed in Kaohsiung and Tainan.
¡°I don¡¯t need to explain the importance of your mission. The president¡¯s instructions and the hope of our navy¡¯s rise rest entirely on you!¡±
All of a sudden, the president's exhortations from not long ago appeared in his mind. Every time he closed his eyes in the past few days, he saw the remains of those warriors who resisted to the end and preferred to die in the Sino-Japanese War of 1898-1895. A tear was squeezed out of the corner of his eye. It was excitement and excitement. of tears. Nowadays, the Republic of China is newly established. Under the wise leadership of the young and promising president, the Republic of China is booming, and China's resurgence has the momentum to return to the world's powerful countries.
Cheng Biguang is a soldier, and he prefers to use the growth of national defense strength to measure whether his country is rising and strong. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, this country also claimed to have millions of soldiers. However, after excluding the Eight Banners Army, the Green Camp Army, and the patrol battalions of various sizes, there are only more than 200,000 new troops capable of fighting. Relying on such a small amount of armed force, let alone defending the enemy outside the country, you can't even defend your home.
Now, after several years of military expansion in the Republic of China, the total size of the National Defense Army of the Republic of China has approached 3.5 million. Although the vast majority of them are new recruits, after excluding the new recruits, there are nearly 1.8 million soldiers who have been in the army for more than two years and have received complete military training. He has participated in military conflicts and wars between China and Japan and China and Russia, and has wiped out nearly a million bandits, bandits and mountain bandits in various places. With various types of artillery, the national defense system of the Republic of China has been initially established. Although it is still a bit nervous to use these forces to defend the country with the second largest territory in the world. However, as long as the Republic of China wins this Sino-Japanese war, it will surely usher in a period of longer-term development opportunities!
As for the navy
He stopped thinking about this problem. Although the Republic of China had accumulated a lot of experience in the production of merchant ships in recent years. However, the shipbuilding industry's political system is more than one step behind the great powers, and the navy's military expenditure is relatively small. It is impossible to build a powerful navy in less than 20 to 30 years.
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