Shangguan Rui, who had been silent all this time, suddenly interrupted and said, "Uncle Ying, the sky observatory made of glass should be able to do more than just observe the sky, right?" He picked up a copper pipe and weighed it. "This tube is a bit long. If you want to fit the two glass lenses, you have to cut off about three inches and a half. But it is also very delicate. It only weighs a little more than two kilograms now. If you cut it off again, It¡¯s only seven or eight taels per catty, so it¡¯s easy to carry it with you. It shows that Mr. Tian has put a lot of thought into it.¡±
Tian Xiu was startled for a moment. This sounds so harsh! The Ministry of Industry recruited thirty or forty master craftsmen and nearly a hundred apprentices, and sent five or six officials to supervise at any time. They wasted nearly ten thousand yuan of money and food, and only got thirty sets of copper pipes and copper caps and more than twenty pieces of gold. Glass lenses; hundreds of people worked hard for two months, and they were exhausted and resentful. In the end, they didn't even touch the edge of the celestial instrument. Shang Yanshan only held two pieces of glass and gestured back and forth. The problem is solved; just now, why do you still ask the Ministry of Industry to "spare trouble"? She pursed her lips, lowered her head and said nothing. She understood that Shangguan Rui's original intention was to say a few words of praise for herself, but the good words sounded unpleasant, as if they were ridiculing herself!
Shangguan Rui's topic is not about the Ministry of Industry, and certainly not about Tian Xiu. In his eyes, a seventh-grade official is just bigger than a sesame seed and worse than a mung bean. Naturally, he will not take care of Tian Xiu's mood; he can only praise her. I just said it casually out of Chen Pu's affection. He continued: "Uncle Ying, could you please tell me how far this celestial instrument can detect?"
Shangcheng is happy to answer such a simple question. He said casually: "You are wrong to ask. The sky observatory does not mean how far it can see, but how many times it can bring objects closer. Of course, it must be difficult to accurately determine its multiple at the moment. Let's put it this way, suppose the two lenses in your hand form a 10¡Á20 telescopewell, it's a celestial telescope." He dipped some tea soup and wrote the numbers "10¡Á20" on the table. symbol, and then write down a number "1000". "This 20 refers to the objective lens, which is the diameter of the convex lens." He wrote down the word "objective lens" and said to Tian Xiu, "A telescope can not only be composed of a convex mirror and a concave mirror, two or Three concave mirrors can also be formed. In order to see further and more clearly, you can also add a metal concave mirror to the mirror body"
Tian Xiu immediately asked: "Do you know how to do this?"
Shang Cheng casually sketched a very crude and scrawled sketch of a refracting telescope on a few desks, and said: "It is here. Place a metal concave mirror in front of the eyepiece, and it seems that you can see more clearly. How to do it? Just don't ask me again; it's useless to ask, I really don't know! I only remember these little things." He turned back and asked Shangguan Rui, "Where did I say just now?"
"Ten times twenty." Chen Pu said.
Shang Cheng nodded, picked up the topic, and said: "This 20 means that the diameter of the objective lens is 20 centimeters; this 10" Tian Xiu opened his mouth, but finally remained silent - what is "centimeter" ", how is it determined and calculated? She quietly looked at the expressions of Chen Pu and Shangguan Rui. Both of these people looked confused and confused, and they seemed to be troubled by the same problem. Shangguan Rui said nothing; Chen Pu could not hold his breath and asked: "What is 'centimeter'?"
"This 10, it isone hundredth of a meter, which is a centimeter!" Shang Cheng was interrupted again, and he was a little impatient.
"What is 'meter'? Does it mean length? How long is a meter? How many feet is it?" Chen Pu asked, as if he wanted to break the casserole and ask the question.
Shang Cheng rolled his eyelids and glanced at her, gritted his teeth, and said with a long breath: "Three feet equals one meter! One meter equals ten meters, one hundred centimeters, one thousand millimeters, one million microns, one billion nanometers. I said, what's the use of listening to these things?" He glanced out of the corner of his eye and saw Tian Xiu who was concentrating on memory, and he became even more unhappy. "You don't need to remember these! If the Ministry of Industry can make millimeters accurate, then you are considered capable!" He was not just talking nonsense and slandering the Ministry of Industry. There are some stories behind this. The Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of War both have large workshops in Yanshan. When he was in charge of Yanshan, the workshops of the Ministry of War were always obedient. He would never turn west when he pointed east, and he would not make any discounts in implementing the standardization of ordnance production that he personally formulated; but The workshops of the Ministry of Industry relied on the fact that they were subordinate to the central government, and Yanshanwei had no direct jurisdiction over them. They had always ignored him and would rather not do Yanshanwei's business than listen to his orders. With such grudges, he naturally doesn't have much favorable impression of the Ministry of Industry. When I was in Yanshan, I didn't pay much attention to the Ministry of Industry. After returning to Beijing, I didn't mention it to the people at the Ministry of Industry, how to improve the production efficiency of the company. He is the minister of the Ministry of War and not the minister of the Ministry of Industry. Why should he worry about the enterprises affiliated to the Ministry of Industry? Hey, if that guy Zhenxiang hadn't been so stingy, how could the glass thing have hit the Ministry of Industry on the head?
Seeing that Shang Cheng was a little annoyed and angry, he went upRui immediately picked him out to smooth things over. He asked Shang Cheng: "Uncle Ying, how should we interpret the number 10?" The Ministry of War has been vigorously promoting the use of this number in the military for a year or two, so naturally he is very familiar with it.
"10 means ten times magnification, which means that it can magnify an object observed one thousand meters away ten times, which means that through the telescope, you are actually observing an object 1000 meters away at a distance of 100 meters. This 1000 , which means one thousand meters!¡±
Although his teaching attitude as a teacher is not very good, the comprehension level of the three "students" present is not low. They quickly understood the basic principles of a telescope using a few pieces of glass. Shangguan Rui also told Chen Pu that the name "Telescope" was very appropriate. This statement is obviously flattering. But Chen Fuling thought that General Shangguan's words were quite reasonable.
Tian Xiu did not participate in the conversation between the two Zhu Kingdoms. She thought about it and asked Shang Cheng: "When calculating the multiple of the celestial instrument, should we first observe the height and size of the object in the celestial instrument, record the value, and then gradually move the object until it reaches the value of the human eye?" Is it consistent with the value obtained by using the celestial observator, so that the multiple of the celestial observator can be obtained? If so, how can we ensure that there is no error between the calculation results of the human eye and the results of the celestial observator? If not, what should be done? "
Shang Cheng laughed. Where is the need for such cumbersome and stupid methods? He waved his hand proudly and said, "The method is very simple! The focal length of the objective lens minus the focal length of the eyepiece is the magnification of the telescope!"
"What is focal length? How to measure focal length?"
Shang Cheng immediately became stunned. What is focal length? How could he say it? How to measure focal length? God knows how to calculate it! He blinked, holding the tea soup that Tian Xiu offered him with both hands, and was stunned for a long time without uttering a single word!
Fortunately, Shangguan Rui woke up and was chatting lively with Chen Pu. He never forgot to keep an eye on Shang Cheng. Seeing that he was cornered by Tian Xiu with a few words, he immediately extended a helping hand: "General, telescope An object can be of great use in the military, whether it is for sentry reconnaissance or troop formation. I have a suggestion. The court should be asked to transfer the matter of casting the celestial instrument to the Ministry of War! It is best to The workshop for casting this object was directly arranged in the Liyuan Camp. The officials, officers, and personnel related to it must be transferred to military positions, and the items related to the casting must be carefully registered and transferred to the Ministry of War."
Shang Cheng secretly breathed a sigh of relief, pretended to ponder for a moment, nodded and said: "That makes sense. In this way, you write something literal, and I will sign it. Submit it to the Ministry of War first, and if it doesn't work, submit it to the Prime Minister. Shit. I think the Ministry of War will not deny us this face."
Shangguan Rui was startled. He really wanted to bring the matter of the telescope to the Ministry of War and Liyuan Camp. However, he also knew very well that just taking away the production of the telescope would not be able to truly keep the secret. If you really want to keep the secret of the telescope, you must also take control of the glass firing. He made a plan to use glass, a thing so red that it burns his hands, to arouse the thoughts of the war and the ministry of industry. When the time comes, the glass will return to the war department, the telescope will return to the Liyuan camp, and both the war department and the Liyuan camp will be happy! As for the Ministry of Industry, just do whatever you have to do! However, it is certainly not easy to accomplish this. The Ministry of Industry is under so much pressure and has spent so much money, material and manpower to burn glass. Now that it has just started to show improvement, the Ministry of War has come over to pick the fruits. The Ministry of Industry will either hate the Ministry of War to the bone, or it will hate the Ministry of War. To bite him in the face is simply unbelievable. But this has nothing to do with him, he just has an idea and a suggestion. All he wants is a telescope. Even if the two families fight hard and both sides suffer, and the glass ends up going to the other family, it doesn't matter. But what he heard from Shang Cheng was that he planned to drag him along and lead the Ministry of War to challenge the Ministry of Industry. He didn't mind following Shang Cheng in making trouble. Shang Yanshan was the one who challenged Zhang Pu and Xiao Jian and then started to fight with Yang Du and Gu Shi. If he was assigned to a big government office like the Ministry of Industry, even if he couldn't win, he could always protect himself. The key is that Shang Cheng also plans to bring the matter to the attention of the prime minister, so he has to treat it with caution. Due to his honorary position, you basically have to wear your ears when you go to the Prime Minister's Palace. For more important meetings, you may not even be able to enter the chamber, and you can only wait for inquiries in the wing. In this case, he can't help at all. What a busy business. Shang Cheng must know this, but he still leads him to make a lot of noise. The feeling of this is worth pondering. Could it be that Shang Cheng was hinting at something
Where could Shang Cheng have imagined it? Shangguan Rui had already thought of it a hundred and eighty thousand miles away with his casual words. When he saw Shangguan Rui lowering his head and pondering for a long time, he said: "If you don't want to write, I can do it! Although I have been punished and will have to stay at home and think about my mistakes starting tomorrow, it didn't say that I can't write a memorial." .I write, you" At this point, he glanced at Chen Pu. "Then let me write it. You and Chen Zhuguo sign on the official document. It should be no problem."?? "
The expression on Shangguan Rui's face remained unchanged, but his mind was rapidly making judgments. Is Shang Cheng forcing himself to take a stand with these words?
Chen Pu was still listening to them with a smile. Seeing that things became more and more true and Tian Xiu's expression became more and more ugly, he knocked on the case with a teacup and said, "Okay, okay, the jokes must be stopped in moderation." ." Yes, she knew this was Shang Cheng joking with Tian Xiu. But with Shangguan Rui present, the joke might turn out to be true, which would be boring. She also glared at Tian Xiu in annoyance: If you want to ask for advice, when can't you ask for advice? Do you have to ask for advice in front of outsiders, and then prevent Shang Yan from coming to Taiwan? She said, "Whether it is called a telescope or a celestial observation instrument, this thing cannot be made by just anyone. Otherwise, the Ministry of Industry would not have been able to see anything for almost a year. Shangguan The general's idea is not advisable! But this thing is indeed worth keeping secret. In this way, firstly, the Ministry of Industry must strictly guard the craftsmanship of making celestial instruments, and secondly, all celestial instruments must be strictly registered and filed. , the production, supervision, storage, use, time, place, and person of each celestial instrument are recorded one by one. If there is any mistake, the person will be punished."
Shangguan Rui immediately said: "Chen Zhuguo's words are indeed more thoughtful than mine. I think this is the appropriate move." In order to get rid of the bad situation in front of him, he did not hesitate to define his idea as inappropriate. . This is also telling Shang Cheng that your idea is of course even more inappropriate!
He felt that what he said was quite appropriate, both forward and backward. Unfortunately, Shang Cheng didn't notice at all that he was hiding something behind his words.
There is nothing inappropriate or inappropriate about Shang Cheng. He was just using Shangguan Rui's words to scare Tian Xiu. Now that the threat has been exposed, the drama can no longer continue. He also felt that Chen Pu's suggestion was very reasonable, so he echoed Shangguan Rui and praised Chen Pu. Finally, he summed it up and said: "Without changing the mode of war, we cannot win a war with just a few advanced weapons. Telescopes can bring us certain advantages, but this advantage does not It is not obvious, and there is no guarantee that we will be able to win. In fact, in the era of cold weapons, victory in wars, battles, and battles relies more on rigorous and thorough strategic planning, flexible tactical execution, and serious Careful training, strict battlefield organization, high combat morale and solid and reliable logistical support."
Shangguan Rui opened his mouth and immediately closed it again alertly. He really wanted to ask, what does the so-called cold weapon era mean? Since there is a Cold Weapon Age, is there another Weapon Age, such as a Hot Weapon Age? Furthermore, Shang Cheng mentioned the "war mode" and the "change" of the "war mode". He really wanted to know what kind of "change" this would be However, Tian Xiu learned from the past. At present, he was unwilling to get into trouble with Shang Cheng at this time. Fortunately, there is one of his assistants in the restaurant, and Chen Pu can also ask questions. He couldn't believe that Princess Changsha, who loved the military the most, would turn a blind eye to these sensitive topics!
Chen Pu was indeed aware of the problems Shangguan Rui was thinking about. But she didn't want to ask. Rather, she didn't want to ask right now. She wanted to ask Shang Cheng for advice on military matters. When couldn't she? However, although she herself did not ask any questions, she was willing to help Tian Xiu. She said to Tian Xiu: "It's rare that Shang Yanshan is in a good mood. If you have anything else, please ask now!"
Shang Cheng was overwhelmed by her and had to look at Tian Xiu, waiting for her to ask questions.
Tian Xiu indeed has something to ask. She wanted to know how to engrave the threads on the copper pipes and caps. The Ministry of Industry now asks the craftsmen to use jade-carving knives to carve them one by one. This is not only labor-intensive and time-consuming, but also prone to errors. If you don't pay attention and make one wrong cut, the entire copper pipe will be almost scrapped. Another thing is that engraving screw threads on the copper pipe does not mean success. It also requires the cooperation of the copper cap; and the screw threads on the copper cap are engraved on the inner wall, which is even more difficult
"Make two clamping arms, fix the copper pipe on one side, and fix the carving knife on the other, and then carve out the thread by rotating the knife." Shang Cheng casually drew a sketch on the note. "You still need to explore and experiment on how to do it specifically. But this method will definitely come in handy."
There is no need for him to say the last sentence. Tian Xiu only saw the sketch, and immediately sketched out the real scene in his mind, and immediately praised it! Although there are still many details that need to be considered carefully, there is no doubt that there is a solution to the thread problem!
She kept up her efforts and asked another question: "The last question! The carving knives used today are easy to wear, and better carving knives are hard to come by. Please tell me, Uncle Ying, how to solve this problem?"
¡°If iron knives don¡¯t work, then use steel knives.¡± Shang Chengzhen??I am very impatient. He is no longer even the minister of the Ministry of War, so why is he still in charge of the affairs of the Ministry of Works? "Carbon steel, high-speed steel or alloy steel, as long as it's steel! Now that you have coke, it shouldn't be difficult to make steel, right?"
"There is no problem with the Ministry of Industry's steelmaking, but it seems that there is no steel like you mentioned" Tian Xiu hesitated, just looking at Shang Cheng without saying anything.
Shang Cheng was dumbfounded by her half-truth and half-false look of sadness. He said: "When you make steel by adding other things, maybe it can be made."
"What should I add?"
"It should be tungsten, and some other metals, such as manganese, chromium, molybdenum, etc" Shang Cheng wrote these words on the case. He stated that only tungsten is easier to find because tungsten ore is often found along with tin ore. Of course, the more critical reason is that he happened to know that tungsten and tin are associated minerals, and he remembered it at this time
Tian Xiu stared at those words for a long time and suddenly said: "Tungsten, is it a gray stone that is very common in tin mines?"
Shang Cheng said he didn¡¯t know. He has never seen tungsten ore and does not know what color tungsten ore is. All he knew was that this metal was difficult to melt¡ªit was said to require a high temperature of more than 3,000 degrees. It is estimated that he will not have the opportunity to see what tungsten steel looks like before he dies of old age. Therefore, he suggested to Tian Xiu that the Ministry of Industry should not worry about high-speed steel and alloy steel. If he had the time, he might as well focus on carbon steel. Knives made of carbon steel can easily pull out threads on bronze pipes.
Tian Xiu nodded in agreement. She already knew where the tungsten ore was. There is one in Xuzhou! The Ministry of Industry has several tin mines in Xuzhou. I went to Xuzhou to deal with an accident a few days ago. I also visited one of the tin mines and saw tungsten ore called "heavy rocks" in the mine
"First find tungsten ore, and then refine the tungsten. As for whether you can refine it to produce high-speed steel and alloy steel after you have tungsten Isn't there Shang Yanshan?"