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Text Chapter 624: Remove the old and replace with the new

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    Ta-ta-ta Horse hooves stepped on the solid road and galloped out. This was already the tenth wave of the day.  The chaos in Beijing was not over yet. Zhang Ke issued an order in the name of "protecting the country", requiring all places to guard their territory and not make mistakes. Everything should be done step by step.  In addition, Zhang Ke issued two decrees, the first of which was called the "Order to Promote Schools."  All prefectures and counties must set up state schools and county schools. Each state school has a quota of no less than 3,000 students, and county schools have 2,000 students. They are divided into junior classes and advanced classes. The junior classes are open to all students, and they can enroll as long as they pass the basic test.  The advanced class is for old students and scholars with a certain foundation.  Regardless of whether it is a junior class or an advanced class, all students will enjoy subsidies.  The Ming Dynasty had already had a county school system, but the number was limited, with a maximum of more than a hundred people. Zhang Ke suddenly expanded dozens of times. For ordinary small counties, as long as they read a little, they can go to school.  China has always valued learning and excellence, and becoming an official is the best shortcut to honoring one's ancestors. Reading well can change one's destiny.  In Europe at the same time, it is impossible to imagine that they were still feudal lords. As for America, there were Indians chasing buffalo everywhere, let alone studying and studying.  As the saying goes, running water does not corrupt the household hinge, nor does it cause beetles. As long as you can learn and have a way to make progress, your people's hearts will be stable.  And Zhang Ke¡¯s second order made people even more delighted.  Starting from next year, which is the year 4336 of the Yellow Emperor, Enke will be added to recruit talents for three consecutive years.  The number of students admitted to each subject is tentatively set at 1,000. If the results are excellent, the number can be relaxed appropriately.  This order goes on.  All the readers were excited.  The Ming Dynasty's examination was held every three years, with only three to four hundred people in each subject.  How many people have turned their hair gray and exhausted their efforts. From a young boy, they have turned gray on their temples and cannot even pass the national examination.  Fan Jin, who was like a clown in later generations, was placed in the Ming Dynasty.  Those are the lucky ones favored by God. It can be seen that the difficulty of the imperial examination is simply difficult to reach the sky.  Zhang Ke held three Encore exams in a row, and the number of students admitted tripled. The difficulty of becoming a Jinshi suddenly dropped by more than ten times. When they heard the news, countless students knelt on the ground, wailing like a cuckoo crying blood.  A second ago, he was scolding the traitor for being shameless.  The students who wanted to raise an army to denounce him immediately praised the new monarch for his wisdom and kindness, turned around, ran home, and studied crazily with books in hand.  God-given opportunity, it would be unreasonable not to seize it!  Who has the mind to manage the Ming Dynasty?  If only Emperor Zhu had the magnanimity of Emperor Zhang.  Where will the country be lost?  After the two orders were given, all the scholars who were about to move fell silent.  Although it is often said that it takes three years for scholars to rebel, a truly successful rebellion is inseparable from scholars.  For example, Liu Bang was assisted by Zhang Liang and Xiao He, and Zhu Yuanzhang was assisted by Li Shanchang, Liu Ji and others. As for poor Li Zicheng, he could only get Song Xiance and Niu Jinxing, who were pretenders, but in the end he conquered the capital but could not hold the country.  Without the instigation of scholars, the local gentry would not be able to cause trouble, and the local tyrants would not be able to contribute, even those loyal ministers and filial sons who wanted to serve the king and avenge Chongzhen.  At most, they just shout twice, put on mourning clothes, carry mourning sticks, and run around the streets to perform performance art.  After issuing these two orders, Zhang Ke focused his attention on restoring order in the capital.  After more than two days of chaos, the soldiers who participated in the rebellion were basically killed, and the remaining ones were captured without mercy.  The main leader of the army, Wei Guogong Xu Hongji, had a broken arm and was dying when he was captured.  As for Yuan Chonghuan, he was very fierce. He chopped and injured two soldiers, fell down after being tripped by a horse rope, and became a prisoner.  Yuan Chonghuan was a gambler. After he was arrested, he went crazy when he found out that he had completely lost the bet.  First he yelled for three days, and then he sat in the sky jail without saying a word. When the jailer thought he was dead, when he looked closer, the pungent stench almost made him vomit, and he couldn't even urinate or defecate.  It was all over my body, so dirty and dirty it was indescribable.  At this time, the losses in the capital were roughly calculated. A total of more than 23,000 rebel soldiers died, and more than 30,000 civilians were killed. More than 5,000 houses were burned down, and a large number of civilians were displaced.  Since the fighting radiated from the Forbidden City, the people living in the outer city were not greatly affected. Zhang Ke's hope of basically preserving the capital was achieved.  But he could not turn a blind eye to the homeless people. Zhang Ke ordered that all the military camps in the capital and the remaining rebellious aristocratic mansions and houses be confiscated and distributed to the people for living.  And Zhang Ke also made an unprecedented decision. He opened the three main halls of the Forbidden City and set up tents in the open space to accommodate the people.  The mysterious Forbidden City was actually opened to the common people. This move frightened everyone.  Not to mention ordinary people, even Zhang Ke¡¯s generals couldn¡¯t stand it.  Under Shen Yue¡¯s instigation,?Zhang Feng and Qiao Fu came to the door with dozens of people.  Just kidding, the imperial city has been the residence of emperors since ancient times. How can we let ordinary people live in it without having to follow rules and be polite?  They just rushed in, but they were stunned to see a few old men accompanying Zhang Ke.  The leader was Hong Fujie, and the others included Li Zhizao, Yang Tingyun, and even Zhang Zongheng and the chief assistant Zhou Tingru who had just surrendered.  "Confucianism does not emphasize that the people are the most important, the country is second, and the monarch is despised. What's more, I am not the emperor, so there is nothing wrong with giving up the Forbidden City." Zhang Zongheng said hurriedly: "What your Majesty said is absolutely true, but the three main halls are held  It would be really indecent to have a bunch of people eating, drinking, and eating at a gathering place. "It's not only indecent, it's simply insulting to the majesty of His Majesty. I think your Majesty only needs to love the people. You don't need to be so harsh on yourself. I've wronged Your Majesty."  I have wronged all the ministers and workers," Li Zhizao said with a serious face.  Zhang Ke smiled and said: "What everyone said makes sense, but I have never thought about living in the Forbidden City." "What the hell?" Zhang Feng, who had just walked in, rushed to Zhang Ke in a few steps, as if he couldn't believe his own  ear.  "Yongzhen, if you are the emperor, why don't you live in the Forbidden City?" "Is the Forbidden City very good?" Zhang Ke asked back: "Zhu Ming's three hundred years of history, how many grievances have been buried in a Forbidden City. Under rows of rows of roofs. Everywhere.  There are dead people, and there is resentment everywhere. In the past hundred years, the Ming Dynasty's descendants have been in trouble, and it has been proved that the Forbidden City is not suitable for living. I have made up my mind that even if I officially become emperor, I will never live in the Forbidden City. " "Then, you want to live in the Forbidden City?  "Where?" "Xiyuan!" Zhang Ke spit out two words.  The so-called Xiyuan.  It is Taiye Pool, a royal garden where emperors of the Ming Dynasty rested and played. In later generations, it had a more famous name, Zhongnanhai!  Compared with the Forbidden City, which is layered and full of oppression, Xiyuan is more relaxed and casual, which is very suitable for Zhang Ke's taste.  "Everyone. From now on, I will work in Xiyuan and set aside a special area for the cabinet. If there are any rules, they must be changed. It is too hard for everyone to climb the Five Classics to go to court in the middle of the night. The regular meeting in front of the emperor is scheduled for the afternoon.  , I asked people to arrange a meeting room. Everyone sat down and talked. Just like when I was in Liaodong, I didn¡¯t arrange eunuchs. I left the chores to female officials. Anyone who is over fifteen or over twenty-five can go out.  Palace. What do you think if we don¡¯t delay their marriage and childbirth?¡± Zhang Ke didn¡¯t say much, but the amount of information was astonishing!  Not to mention the experienced old men, even the young brothers were dumbfounded.  He does not live in the palace, sits and talks about Taoism, and does not have eunuchs.  Changing the court meeting to the afternoon changed everyone's understanding of the emperor. Qiao Fu held back a sentence for a long time: "Brother Ke, do you still want to be the emperor?" Zhang Ke stood up from his seat and walked to everyone's side.  In the middle, he smiled and patted everyone on the shoulder.  "I know everyone's thoughts, but I have just ended a dynasty with my own hands, am I going to repeat the same mistakes?" Zhang Ke said with a meaningful smile: "I won the country by winning the battle, relying on the support of the people, and relying on you to charge into the battle.  , it¡¯s not bullshit destiny, I have a father and a mother, and I¡¯m not God¡¯s son. In the past, the emperor said that he was appointed by God, just to put money on his face.  They are ordered to govern the world for all people and make profits for all people. Eunuchs castrate their bodies to satisfy the emperor's selfish desires. It is so cruel that I despise it and cannot bear to do it. " "Your Majesty is kind!" Yang Tingyun just finished speaking.  He was the first to kneel on the ground. The old man had gray beard and hair, and his cheeks were covered with spots. At this time, he was bursting with tears. He still had a smile on his face, like a happy child, and kept shouting: "The Holy King is coming to the world, the Holy King is coming to the world."  "It's not surprising that Lao Yang reacted this way. He is a disciple of Xinxue, and the idea of ??the true nature of the virtual king has appeared in the ideological circles of the late Ming Dynasty.  Hope to limit imperial power.  Under the etiquette of the Three Cardinal Guidelines and the Five Constant Rules, the only exception is the emperor, who is not subject to any restrictions.  The emperor is not restricted, the eunuchs who represent the emperor are not restricted, the vassal kings all over the country are not restricted, and the ministers who have the emperor's favor can also do whatever they want.  The embankment of a thousand miles was destroyed in an ant nest, and the entire embankment collapsed.  Everything is at the whim of the emperor, and the probability of a good emperor being born is really low. In order to deal with the emperor, the ministers formed cliques for personal gain, and fought against each other.  The result of the endless fighting is that the policies that benefit the country and the people cannot be implemented, and the country's declining power cannot be reversed, and it slides into the abyss. Zhang Ke has used the name of Xinxue to promote new ideas in these years, but when he really became the emperor, everyone  I'm not sure whether he can do what he preaches. After all, power is too tempting.??.  Until today, everyone is completely relieved that Zhang Ke not only fulfilled his promise, but also greatly exceeded it.  As the emperor's master, Hong Fujie held Zhang Ke's hand and was unwilling to let go for a long time.  "Yongzhen, I'm happy for my teacher, so happy!" This night was destined to be sleepless. Zhang Ke summoned all his trusted subordinates, including Zhou Tingru, Qian Qianyi, and Ruan Dacheng to surrender to the officials. After all, they had been in the center for a long time and were familiar with the bureaucracy.  the operation of the system.  Zhang Ke and everyone kept arguing and finally determined the political structure.  "The Protector of the Country" takes over all power, and a cabinet is set up under it, with the chief assistant being the Prime Minister. The cabinet consists of five to seven members, who assist the Protector of the Country and command all officials.  At the same level as the cabinet, the Privy Council is established and is in charge of military recruitment, training, general selection, promotion, and foreign operations.  The Metropolitan Procuratorate was promoted to the Yushitai, with the power to supervise all officials and review government orders.  Under the cabinet, the original six ministries were reorganized and newly established ministries such as civil affairs, finance, agriculture and forestry, trade, public security, armaments, construction, legal affairs, education, health, and organization.  Any major affairs are convened by the cabinet and the ministries will participate in the joint meeting. If the matter is heavy, the Royal Shitai and the Privy Courtyard need to be convened to hold the imperial meeting to determine.  At the local level, the governor and governor serve as permanent officials. The governor is in charge of military affairs and the governor is in charge of civil affairs. According to the structure of the six cabinet departments, a local bureaucracy is set up, and the original three departments are all abolished.  As soon as Zhang Ke's idea was put forward, everyone present was in an uproar, especially Hong Fu, whose head shook like a rattle.  "Yongzhen, this is not possible. I will never agree! According to your approach, the number of officials in the world will increase at least ten times. The number of ministries in the capital alone will be doubled. Such a large number of officials are not engaged in production and rely entirely on the support of the people.  , Talk about taking corvee lightly and despising wealth. The redundant officials in the Song Dynasty wasted money and food, and the Ming vassal kings were everywhere, and Yin Jian was not far away! " Hong Fu had just finished speaking, but Shen Yue didn't think so.  "Mr. Hong, what you said is certainly true, but I can't help but ask, can the people live and work in peace and contentment because of the light corvee and low taxes in the Ming Dynasty? When setting up officials, they not only enjoy the support of the people, but also do things for the people. Your Majesty  The new official system is simple and clear. Each ministry is responsible for one thing and is centralized in the cabinet. Above the cabinet is the Imperial Council, with clear responsibilities at every level. Compared with the Ming Dynasty, all officials are responsible for their responsibilities. How about spending some taxes?  Hong Fu snorted, but still disagreed. Zhang Ke smiled and said: "Teacher, in addition to designing the official system, I also need to establish a principle, that is, the minority obeys the majority. All government orders will be voted on by the cabinet after full discussion.  The two factions might as well have a debate today, and then everyone will vote by a show of hands." After Zhang Ke finished speaking, Zhu Qingbin spoke first. He also supported Zhang Ke's new official system.  "Mr. Hong, the world today is different from before. Business is prosperous, taxation is complex, the army is expanding, and there are many things to deal with internally and externally. The original six departments alone are simply not enough. We cannot do it for the sake of a reputation for frivolous corvee and low taxation.  , we just gave up on our mission. We covered our eyes and the problem is still there. We can¡¯t deceive ourselves.¡± His words immediately triggered a discussion, and all parties joined in. Even Qiao Fu and the others followed suit.  After talking about their own experiences and opinions, the quarrel lasted until dawn. Everyone was blushing and had dry mouths. Finally, Zhang Ke proposed a vote.  Supporters raised their hands one after another. After counting, there were a total of 22 votes in favor and 12 votes against. Qian Qianyi and Ruan Dacheng gave up.  This is how the first bill passed by vote was born.  When everyone walked out of the conference room, the eastern sky was filled with red clouds. The sun jumped out from below the horizon. The earth was bathed in the rising sun, and everyone was coated with a layer of gold.  "It's different, it's really different! Scholar-officials and kings rule the world together, and the ideal of sages has finally been realized!" Hong Fu was not discouraged at all because of the failure of the vote. On the contrary, the old man was full of energy, gearing up, and wanted to do something big.  field.  After days of discussions, the official system was finalized and the candidates for the first cabinet were also finalized.  The prime minister fell on Wang Huazhen. Li Zhizao and Hong Fu were appointed to the cabinet at the same time. In addition, there were Cui Chengxiu, Xiong Hui, Wang Duowen and Zhang Zongheng, seven assistant political bachelors.  The Yushitai fell into the hands of Yang Tingjun, and the Privy Council was headed by Lu Xiangsheng.  The remaining ministers were all selected on the basis of merit. Suddenly, the new dynasty was full of talents and the atmosphere was completely new.  As for the temporary vacancies of many subordinate officers, it will be necessary to recruit new people to fill them after Enke.  Reform is in progress, and some people must also be dealt with. The newly established Yushitai and the Ministry of Justice jointly investigated the case of riots in the capital and soon gave an official conclusion.  Emperor Chongzhen obeyed the people and took the initiative to hand over the throne, so he should be rewarded.  noneHowever, some down-and-out nobles, frustrated bureaucrats, and powerful gentry who were dissatisfied with the new dynasty colluded and imprisoned Emperor Chongzhen, causing his death in the palace.  He pretended to be someone else, assassinated the protector of the country, killed the ministers and common people, burned countless houses in the capital, and killed tens of thousands of soldiers and civilians. The crimes were so heinous that they are too numerous to describe After the imperial meeting decided, the first offenders Xu Hongji and Yuan Chonghuan were all executed, and the remaining more than 20 officials and eunuchs were cut in half.  , hundreds of people were beheaded.  In fact, Xu Hongji had died of illness before his execution. Only Yuan Chonghuan was the one who enjoyed death by a thousand cuts, and he became the last person recorded in historical records!  It can be considered that he has achieved his wish to make his name famous in history.  (To be continued.)
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