The next day, a section chief named Wang from Longxi took Chu Chen and four of them to the Longxi Museum to find Professor Qin from yesterday. When Chu Chen and the others arrived at the museum, Professor Qin had not come yet, so Director Wang took the four of them around the museum. Longxi is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation. Dadiwan Culture, Majiayao Culture, Fuxi Culture, Zhou Culture, etc. all developed from this. Moreover, Longxi is also the key place and golden section of the ancient Silk Road. Such a special geographical environment and long-standing historical and cultural relics also make Longxi one of the major cultural relics provinces in my country. The Longxi Museum is a platform to display and understand Longxi culture. It has a rich collection of more than 300,000 historical relics, modern cultural relics, ethnic cultural relics, and paleontological fossils and specimens. These range from the paleontological fossil specimens of the Cretaceous period to the painted pottery culture of the Neolithic Age; from the bronzes, ceramics and jades since the Shang and Zhou dynasties to the Silk Road civilization of the Han and Tang Dynasties; including porcelain, wood carvings, silk fabrics, There is a very rich collection of paintings and so on. With such a rich collection, everyone felt that their trip was worth it, especially the treasure of the museum, "Horse Treading on Flying Swallows", which was really breathtaking for everyone to see. "Horse Stepping on Feiyan", also known as "Ma Chao Longque" and "Bronze Galloping Horse", was unearthed in Longxi in 1969. It is a classic work by Eastern Han artists, a rare treasure of ancient Chinese sculpture art, and represents the highest artistic achievement of the Eastern Han Dynasty in the history of Chinese sculpture. The image of the whole work is vigorous, handsome and unique. Be fat and healthy. The body is well proportioned and the mane is neat. The four hooves are tough and powerful. Its head is slightly tilted back and to the left, its tail is raised back, and its mouth is wide open, as if it is neighing. ??And the artist¡¯s unique ingenuity allowed the horse¡¯s hind hooves to step on a flying swallow. The whole weight of the Bronze Galloping Horse is concentrated on its right hind hoof. How can it maintain balance? This is a difficult question. The artist intentionally retracted the horse's head and neck to move the center of gravity as far back as possible. At the same time, stretch the horse's hind hoof as far forward as possible so that the horse's support point and center of gravity are exactly on a vertical line. Plus the two legs stretched out forward and back and the raised tail. It not only keeps the overall balance of the horse, but also makes the shape of the horse more beautiful. In this way, using the swallow as a lining to the horse makes the speed of the flying swallow and the galloping horse visible to all, vividly showing the majestic appearance of the horse flying in the air and running fast. Such bold and wonderful ideas, romantic techniques and exquisite craftsmanship. After Chu Chen and the others admired it, they couldn't help but marvel. Soon after Chu Chen and the others finished watching "Horse Treading Swallows", the staff informed them that Professor Qin had arrived. Chu Chen and the others, led by the staff, came to a room with many cultural relics placed in it. Many of these cultural relics must have been unearthed not long ago. I saw several staff members carefully cleaning the cultural relics. Their expressions were particularly focused. Even Chu Chen and the others did not raise their heads when they came in. Chu Chen and the others came to Professor Qin under the leadership of the staff. I saw him admiring a piece of green jade. Lezi, also known as "Waxzi". There are two kinds of jade ornaments: round lezi and square lezi. They are jade ornaments hung on the chest or waist. They can be hung alone or in combination with other jade ornaments. Chu Chen saw that the sapphire leather piece in Professor Qin's hand had earthy surface, multiple groups of deformed Kui dragon patterns carved on the whole body, and an elongated hole drilled at both ends for wearing. It was in a good state of preservation. Observing the appearance and carving technique of the decorative pattern, Chu Chen thought that this should be a jade bag from the early Warring States Period. Thinking of this mission, and seeing the pit characteristics and skin characteristics of this jade bag, he felt that this It was probably unearthed from the same pit as the white jade cauldron before. After a while, Professor Qin put down the green jade in his hand, pointed to some bronzes and jade on the table in front of him, and said: "Xiao Chu, these things I have here are all confiscated based on clues. We think it should have been unearthed at the same time as the white jade tripod. Haven't you seen the white jade tripod? Can you identify it for us? " Chu Chen didn't feel disgusted when Professor Qin asked him to identify it. After all, you are the only one. The young man is actually called an expert, especially an expert in antiques, an industry that requires time to accumulate experience. Not to mention Professor Qin, even Chu Chen wouldn't believe it even if he didn't have powers. "Professor Qin, let me tell you something first. There is no problem with my identification, but I can only classify them based on their age and the characteristics of the pit mouth and the shell. As for whether they were unearthed from the same pit mouth, then I really can¡¯t guarantee that it must be the case.¡± Chu Chen said this for a reason. As far as ancient jade is concerned, the same color presented by different pits, different jades, and different eras is different from each other.Light, light and dark, old and new are all different. This is the uniqueness and indistinguishability of authentic ancient jade. Even if a pair of jade objects are unearthed from the same pit, there are obvious differences if they are carefully identified. Only modern imitations produced in the same furnace, the same pot, and the same tank will have a large number of the same skin color symptoms. It is precisely because of this characteristic of jade that although the characteristics of jade unearthed from the same pit are somewhat similar, for the sake of caution, Chu Chen really would not say that the items must have been unearthed from the same pit. After listening to what Chu Chen said, Professor Qin also had a somewhat changed impression of Chu Chen. No matter how good Chu Chen's cultural relic appraisal level was, at least his attitude towards cultural relics was rigorous. This attitude was very important when studying cultural relics. Important point. "Haha, it doesn't matter. No one is perfect. We are not machines. A slight discrepancy is okay as long as it is not too serious." "Okay." Chu Chen nodded with a smile, and then began to look at the things on the table. These artifacts come. There are quite a lot of types of cultural relics, including jade huangs, sword frames, jade pendants, bronze pans, bronze mirrors, piano buttons, etc. Chu Chen looked at each item carefully. Among these items, there were many excellent ones. However, since it was Professor Qin¡¯s test, it would certainly not be simple. Except for a few of these items, they were not a scam based on various characteristics. In addition, several of them are actually fakes. What made Chu Chen even more amused was that there was actually a copper peck in the middle. This copper peck was indeed real, but what made him laugh was that the copper peck was mainly popular in the Dian Kingdom in the southwest region during the pre-Qin period. The Dian Kingdom is an ancient kingdom established by ancient peoples in the southwest frontier of my country. Its existence is equivalent to the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties. During the Warring States Period, the metallurgical industry of the Dian Kingdom became the country's pillar industry, relying on its rich mineral resources to produce a large number of bronze wares. It includes not only daily food containers and shell storage containers, but also a variety of weapons and ceremonial weapons. ???????? This piece of copper is not bad to peck, it is in the shape of a "T" as a whole, with slender spines, a rhombus-shaped rear end, and an arc-shaped front end, which is sharp and easy to prick. The circular chariot is installed horizontally, and two plump bullocks are carved in three-dimensional circles at both ends of the chariot. The cow stands firmly on all fours, with its horns raised high, its head looking straight up, its shoulder blades high, and its fat butt raised high, giving it a majestic and high-spirited look. The cow is a symbol of wealth and might, and has special significance to the Dian Kingdom of ancient Yunnan. This kind of bull-shaped decoration is often seen on bronzes from the Dian Kingdom. The most well-known is the four-ox gilt knight shell storage vessel now on display in the Southern Yunnan Museum. The weapon is decorated with a gorgeous and lifelike cow, indicating that it is no longer used for killing on the battlefield, but has become a ceremonial weapon. "However, if you say something from southern Yunnan, with a piece of Bashu in the middle, how could it possibly end up in Longxi?" Even if they come to Longxi, these things are obviously corrosion marks at the mouth of the pit in the south. This is also different from the climate conditions in Longxi. Chu Chen held the copper peck and asked with a smile: "Professor Qin, I wonder where you got this copper peck?" Professor Qin was also stunned when he saw this copper peck. This was not the case some time ago. That copper peck bought at the antique market? Why did he come here? But he immediately remembered that he asked his students to help him get some of the things here last night. He probably didn't pay attention and just took them all over. After he figured out what was going on, Professor Qin couldn't help but secretly cursed that student. He had been studying with him for so long in vain. He didn't even understand the southern pit and the northern pit. Now, he was so embarrassed. "Well, haha, my student must have picked it up by mistake." Professor Qin said a little embarrassed. Chu Chen smiled slightly when he heard this, but said nothing more. After that, he quickly classified the results of the previous identification and said, "Professor Qin, okay, the results of my identification are like this." Professor Qin saw Chu Chen's identification results were very surprising. He didn't expect that they were all correct. You know, there are two things here that he has noticed are high imitations, and he also studied for a long time before he found out that these two things are high imitations. Unexpectedly, the young Chu Chen could see it so quickly. , which really made him a little unbelievable. Professor Qin picked up a bronze mirror and asked, "Xiao Chu, how can you be sure that this bronze mirror is wrong?" Chu Chen laughed and said, "Actually, it's very simple. There is a whole chapter engraved on the Spring and Autumn and Warring States bronzes. Inscription, but the original text was carved not long ago when the bronze ware was out of style. Since there were no steel knives in ancient times, small wheels were used to carve it out on the bronze ware. Therefore, the font is relatively smooth, with only polishing marks but no knife marks. " "After the Song Dynasty, many fake inscriptions were made on bronze vessels without inscriptions. The fake inscriptions were carved with a knife. Several knives were carved in one stroke, often leaving traces of the blade. This bronze mirror is indeed very realistic, but inscriptionThe knife marks on it reveal its true appearance. " After hearing Chu Chen's explanation, Professor Qin smiled and said: "Haha, you are indeed an expert from the capital. Hey, if I had your level back then, I wouldn't have hit you! "