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Text 411 The last glimmer of peace

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    Detailed changes in China will not affect the specific situation in the Gulf theater.  For the navy's ships serving in war zones, things like renaming and decommissioning will also have to wait until the end of the war.

    It has been nearly a month since the multinational forces launched the "Desert Storm" air strike. With the addition of pL, a powerful force in this plane, the strike effect has become better, and it has also had a huge impact on Iraq, making it  The tough attitude has changed a bit.

    After the battle in Khafji, Saddam said after meeting with Primakov, the special envoy of the Soviet President, "Iraq is willing to cooperate with the Soviet Union and other countries and institutions to jointly seek a way to end the Gulf War."

    Later, the Iraqi Revolutionary Command Council issued a statement saying: Iraq is prepared to implement United Nations Resolution 60 and achieve a dignified political settlement of the Gulf War, including the withdrawal of troops.  But at the same time, 9 conditions were attached: All multinational forces and equipment stationed in the Gulf after B. 2 (Iraq invaded Kuwait) must withdraw; the partial withdrawal of the 2 multinational countries must be completed within one month, and then the Gulf area is declared free.  area; 3 Israel must withdraw from the areas it has seized by force in accordance with United Nations resolutions; 4 weapons and equipment brought into Israel on the grounds of the Gulf crisis must be withdrawn; Iraq¡¯s rights to territory and territorial waters must be fully guaranteed; 6 must be implemented in Kuwait  True democracy; all sanctions against Iraq must be lifted; members of Multinational Force B and their supporters must pay reparations for the reconstruction of destroyed Iraqi facilities; all foreign debts of Iraq must be cancelled.

    "When Iraq is facing an encirclement and suppression by hundreds of thousands of multinational forces, and the war situation is overall unfavorable, these conditions proposed by Iraq are simply stupid.  In particular, it involves the issue of Israel withdrawing its troops from occupied areas, which has no practicality at all.

    U.S. President Bush immediately delivered a particularly tough televised speech, stating that Iraq must completely, completely and unconditionally withdraw its troops from Kuwait, and that the withdrawal cannot be linked to other issues in the region.  Before Iraq implements a large-scale withdrawal of troops, multinational forces will continue to carry out military operations in accordance with the resolutions of the United Nations Security Council to force Iraq to withdraw its troops from Kuwait and force Saddam Hussein to step down.

    British Prime Minister Major also said that Iraq¡¯s withdrawal proposal includes many unacceptable conditions.  Relevant countries such as France, China, and Saudi Arabia have also expressed similar opinions at different levels and voices.

    At the same time, the air power of multinational forces continues to carry out large-scale bombings against the Iraqi army's artillery, armored forces, chemical weapons depots, aircraft bunkers and other military targets, putting greater pressure on the Iraqi army and Saddam Hussein's regime.

    Not all countries in the world are on the side of the multinational force. Many countries are also actively mediating the end of the Gulf War out of humanitarian and world peace positions.

    Austria put forward six suggestions for maintaining peace in the Gulf, namely: conducting extensive dialogue between Islamic countries and Western countries to enhance mutual understanding between different religions and eliminating prejudices and old grudges; convening an international conference on the Middle East to resolve issues between Arab countries and Israel  conflicts; establishing a mechanism similar to the CSCE in the Middle East; convening a Middle East disarmament conference; and restricting arms exports worldwide.

    Some of the above suggestions are indeed constructive, but countries have different interests. The conflicts between Israel and Arab countries are not easy to reconcile. If you want to establish a unified CSCE-type mechanism in the Middle East, you also lack a basis for cooperation.  Another one is the requirement to restrict arms exports. For countries like Austria, it is nothing, but for countries such as China, the United States, the Soviet Union, Britain and France, it is a big problem. Naturally, it is impossible to obtain the endorsement of world powers.

    On the same day, the Soviet Union made four more suggestions to end the Gulf War: In order to quickly achieve peace, Iraq should withdraw its troops from Kuwait without any preconditions; 2 the Soviet Union supported the maintenance of Iraq's national structure and borders; 3 the Soviet Union opposed all sanctions against Iraq,  Including any punitive action against Saddam Hussein himself;4 all other issues - including the Palestinian issue - will be resolved through negotiations

    In response, the United States responded. Although these conditions were far from the original intention of the United States, the Soviet Union had to give them face, so its attitude became slightly looser. It proposed six conditions for the withdrawal of Iraqi troops: The Iraqi troops would withdraw in four days.  Withdraw from Kuwait within 2 days; 2 Iraq gives up the tanks, artillery and other weapons it brought into Kuwait when it invaded Kuwait; B requires Iraq to immediately release prisoners of war from multinational forces, including the release of more than 26 Kuwaiti soldiers detained when Iraq invaded Kuwait; 4 requires Iraq to release  The location of the landmines it has laid in Kuwait; 4 requires Iraq to disclose the location of the landmines it has laid in Kuwait; and requires Iraq to accept the two resolutions adopted by the United Nations to resolve the Gulf crisis, and not just require Iraq to implement the second resolution of withdrawing to its pre-war position.  Resolution 60.  In addition, the United States and Britain unanimously advocated the necessity of imposing an arms embargo on Iraq after the war and implementing international supervision of Iraq's future oil resource exploitation.

    Among these conditions, apart from unconditional withdrawal of troops, others are basically unacceptable to Iraq, such as giving up a large number of weapons, arms embargo, and oil and gas exploration being choked. If these conditions are agreed to, Saddam's regime will be over.

      In view of the tough attitude of the US government, Iraqi Foreign Minister Aziz took an emergency red-eye flight to Moscow and held a two-hour meeting with Gorbachev. The two sides reached a point B agreement on the withdrawal of troops: Iraq completely and unconditionally withdraws from the  Withdrawal of troops from Kuwait; 2 The withdrawal of troops from Kuwait began the day after the ceasefire; B Completed the withdrawal within the specified time; 4 After Iraq withdrew 2- troops from Kuwait, the international community stopped imposing sanctions on Iraq; After the withdrawal, the United Nations Security Council passed  Various resolutions on Iraq expired; 6 After the ceasefire, both sides immediately released prisoners of war; under the auspices of the United Nations, the Security Council entrusted non-participating countries to supervise the withdrawal; B The two sides continued to negotiate the details of the withdrawal.

    ¡°To be honest, the Point B agreement between the Soviet Union and Iraq is a more reasonable way out for the armistice. Although there is still room for revision in some details, the unacceptable things have basically been eliminated.

    ¡°But such an agreement puts the United States into an embarrassing situation.  Because the multinational force led by the United States is ready for ground offensive deployment, the date for launching the offensive has been set in a few days.  If this agreement is accepted, the air strikes launched by Desert Storm will be meaningless. Hundreds of thousands of prepared ground troops will be immediately useless. They can only go back home, spending a lot of money and political resources, but unable to get what they need.  victory and reputation, the situation is difficult to deal with.  Accepting this agreement will undoubtedly mean the failure of the multinational force led by the United States. Even Qi Yiming himself cannot accept the PLA's withdrawal at this time.

    " However, the eight-point agreement between the Soviet Union and Iraq is the closest agreement proposed by Iraq to the US demands since the Gulf crisis, and the United States cannot ignore it.  After urgently convening the cabinet and think tanks for discussion, Bush took the risk and issued a seven-point ultimatum: Iraq must start withdrawing its troops at 2 noon (Eastern Time) three days later and complete it within a week.  Any delay will be deemed as failure to meet the requirements of UN Security Council Resolution 60 for Iraq to immediately withdraw from Kuwait.  2 Within 48 hours of starting the withdrawal, Iraq must withdraw all its troops from Kuwait City and allow the legal Kuwait government to return immediately.  Iraq must withdraw all its defense forces on the Kosa and Kuwait borders, including Bubiyan Island, Walbai Island, and the Kuwait Trulla oil field.  Within seven weeks, the Iraqi army must return to its position before January 1 last year in accordance with Resolution No. 60.  4 Iraq must cooperate with the International Red Cross to release all prisoners of war and third-country nationals, and complete the withdrawal within 48 hours after the start of the withdrawal.  Iraq must remove all explosives, including those deployed in oil wells in Kuwait, and provide information on all minefields on the ground and at sea.  6. Iraq must stop the use of anti-aircraft fire and all aircraft activities over Iraq and Kuwait.  Iraq must stop all destructive actions against Kuwaiti citizens and property and release all imprisoned Kuwaitis.

    In this regard, Sui immediately proposed a 6-point agreement, which was regarded as a bargaining with the US conditions. Both Iraq and the Soviet Union naively believed that the conditions proposed by the US were sincere and the war might stop immediately.  Its content is: Iraq agrees to implement United Nations Security Council Resolution 60, immediately and unconditionally withdraw all its troops from Kuwait, and return to the situation before January 1, 193; 2. All military operations on land, sea, and air will cease and be completed after the ceasefire.  The withdrawal will begin on the 2nd day; B The withdrawal will be completed within 21 days, and the withdrawal from Kuwait will be completed within the first 4 days of the specified period; 4 After the withdrawal from Kuwait, the basis for the resolutions passed by the United Nations Security Council no longer exists, therefore, these resolutions will cease  Implementation; Immediate release and repatriation of all prisoners of war within days of cessation of military operations and achievement of ceasefire; 6 ceasefire and withdrawal will be implemented by observers or peacekeeping forces in accordance with United Nations Security Council resolutions.

    ??In essence, these contents are roughly the same as those of the American ultimatum, but the details are more operational, because the American ultimatum is too tight in terms of time.  However, the U.S. government actually lacks sincerity and has no intention of accepting such a new agreement and still adheres to the content of the previously proposed ultimatum.

    In fact, although the U.S. ultimatum is more stringent than the last version of the six-point agreement between Sui and Iraq, as long as Iraq accepts it, even if there is a slight delay in the specific implementation, it will not be caught, because if the U.S. military does this  If it does, it will greatly damage its image.  The U.S. government was not ready for Iraq to accept the ultimatum at all. All its actions were actually just a gesture to cater to the international community, but the purpose was to make Saddam unable to accept it and eventually lead to war.

    In the end, for some unknown reason, Saddam ignored the American ultimatum. Amid the worries and fears of the Americans, the date of the ultimatum arrived and Operation Desert Saber officially began.
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