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Volume 3 The Road to Rise Chapter 611 The Ultimate Battleship

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    In 1Q33, when the U.S. Navy was building the Ohio-class battleships, navies around the world were frightened into a cold sweat by the U.S. Navy's huge battleship project.  However, the American idea of ??building a class battleship is not a fantasy, nor is it unique.  Because, like the Americans, the world's major naval powers have long begun to imagine their own ultimate battleship.  The British Admiralty began to consider building 70,000-ton or even 100,000-ton class warships in 1Q31.  Because the warship tonnage of both the Chinese and U.S. navies was 60,000 tons late, the world's largest naval power felt pressure.  However, it is already quite difficult for the UK to maintain the world's largest naval fleet. The pressure on military spending is huge, which makes the UK's post-war recovery economy unable to bear it.  Finally, the British government and the Admiralty reached an agreement. Britain gave up its naval arms race with China and the United States, and gave up its position as the world's first and second largest naval power to the Royal Navy of China and the United States Navy.  However, the British Navy must ensure sufficient maritime power to deal with threats in Europe.  Therefore, in March 1999, the British Navy, under huge financial pressure, built the last class of battleships in the British Navy, the "Britain-class battleships."  Cannon, 2q knot. Its vertical armor can withstand 17-inch gun fire from 1 meter. The urn ¡ü is lower than the underwater protection standard of the ammunition compartment.  tnt equivalent explosion. The British Navy plans to build four ultimate battleships, namely HMS England, HMS Wales, HMS Scotland and HMS Northern Ireland. However, the British Navy is limited by funding shortages, and the battleships on the slipway have been repeatedly suspended.  The period of downtime reached one year. Therefore, the four British ultimate battleships are the smallest among the ultimate battleships in the world, and the last battleship Northern Ireland will not be built until 1 next year.  The completion span lasted for ten years, which showed that the Empire on which the sun never sets has reached the point where it has reached its peak. After the end of the Sino-Soviet War, the economy of Soviet Russia has greatly developed. The effects of the planned economy after World War I are very obvious.  By 1q35, Soviet Russia's economic development had reached the eighth level of Germany. This was mainly due to the Chinese Empire's economic assistance to Soviet Russia. Soviet Russia was China's only buffer zone against Germany.  China has been guiding Germany to start World War II, but it has also supported Soviet Russia in order to balance and consume Germany's strength. Therefore, at this time, while the Soviet Union's economy was recovering, its ambitions for external expansion were also expanding.  At this time, Russia had completely become a European country, and its route to Asia in the east was completely blocked by the powerful Chinese Empire. Therefore, Soviet Russia began a strategy of westward expansion and southern expedition. However, to the west was Poland on the Baltic Sea, and to the south was Poland.  It's the Black Sea's Ukraine and Romania. Fighting against them requires a certain degree of naval deterrence and the "understanding" of other European powers. When Soviet Russia and Germany were negotiating to carve up Poland, and when they were carving up Romania with Ukraine, the Soviet Union's navy  Quietly established. At Stalin's call, Soviet Russia learned from the super-abnormal littoral battleships built by China for Norway, Sweden and other countries, and Soviet Russia decided to build its own Soviet-class battleships, fully loaded.  The water volume is 651, and it is equipped with three triple-mounted millimeter main guns. The progress of the "Soviet" class project has been quite slow from the beginning. Although the Soviet shipbuilding industry has made great progress.  , but the jump from the 10,000-ton "Kirov" cruiser directly to the Yuan-class battleship is too big. The shipyard has no experience in building such a large ship. Secondly, the "Soviet" class continues to encounter difficulties during its construction.  Troubled by shortages of raw materials, the 1q3q construction plan called for 1¡× of armor steel to be supplied from Leningrad's Zhdanov-Inola Plant and Maripov Steel Plant, but in fact only 100% of it was delivered.  Material shortages are eager to improve, but the best they can hope for is half the steel required in the plan.  Both the Enola factory and the Maripov factory are not good at producing armor plates with a thickness exceeding 0 mm.  However, the strongest Kirov factory is busy with the KB and T-53 tank projects and has no time to take care of other things.  As a result, by December, the Enola and Maripov plants could no longer guarantee the continuous supply of high-quality, large-thickness armor steel.  As a last resort, designers had to pass all thicknesses;!  millimeters of high-strength carburized steel instead of simple case-hardened steel.  The power system J1 also encountered insurmountable difficulties. According to the installation plan, the Soviet Union should imitate 6 steam turbines in 1 next year and produce them again in 1q41-1 next year. After the outbreak of World War II, the Kharkov plant  Not a single turbine was built.  The boiler was originally intended to be tested on shore in January 1941, but all tests were not completed until the beginning of 1q41. Due to the heavy burden on domestic enterprises, the Soviet Union had to order a large number of important components, including propellers, from China. Nikolay  The husband's turret manufacturing site has arrived.In the end, a triple turret was not assembled.  In the middle of next year, the "Soviet Belorussia" built in the shipbuilding factory suffered a serious quality accident. Technicians found multiple unqualified rivets and bolts on the hull.  Since there was no raw material and no time to carry out the transportation, the project of "Soviet Belarus" was stopped and was delayed until it was officially dismantled on October 1q of that year. After tens of tons of profiles were consumed, Stalin had to cancel the two ships.  Follow-up ship construction plan.  The first ships "Soviet Union" and "Soviet Ukraine" are expected to be launched in June 1q43.  The "Soviet Russia" that was finally started was a blessing in disguise. Because the "Soviet Belorussia" was accidentally dismounted, the factory could concentrate on building her.  At the same time, the imported steam turbines were also shipped to Arkhangelsk, and the ready-made power units can be installed immediately after the hull is launched.  Therefore, the expected launch schedule of the "Soviet Belarus" has even been advanced from January next year to the third quarter of next year.  The budget cost of the ship "Soviet" is 1.18 billion rubles.  Although the cost of the follow-up ship has been reduced to 150 million rubles.  The "Soviet" class project occupied more than the raw materials, funds and skilled workers in the naval shipbuilding plan at that time. Looking back at the overall military expansion plan of the Soviet Union at that time, we will find that the construction of the "Soviet" class is nothing more than a larger-scale Great Leap Forward.  part.  Far beyond the capabilities of the Soviet economy and industry. In fact, the Soviet Union relied entirely on the help of China to build this class of battleships, and at the same time paid China huge sums of money.  It took q years for Soviet Russia to build the ultimate battleship. Originally, Soviet Russia could build a more economical aircraft carrier. However, Soviet Russia was obviously dominated by the popular idea of ??giant ship and cannon doctrine in the world. In addition, China deliberately instigated the world's naval powers to carry out an upgrade.  The battleship race has made navies from all over the world immersed in it and unable to surrender.  After Hitler came to power, the German Navy was rebuilt.  However, the German navy strongly demanded the restoration of the powerful navy of the former German Empire era.  And Hitler even hoped to rebuild the German Navy and restore its former glory.  ¡°I have to admit that Hitler¡¯s wildness has evolved into paranoia. According to Hitler¡¯s crazy idea, the German Navy must have a battleship that can rival ten.  ¡øThe "Denberg" class plans to build six ships, codenamed h, j, k, 1, m, no. Among them, the h ship and m ship are built by the Blohm and Voss shipyard in Hamburg, and the j ship and n ship are built by Bremen.  Built by Wesel Company, the K ship was built by the German factory in Kiel, and the 1st ship was built by the Wilhelmshaven Shipyard. The ones that have been named include "Hintenburg" (htde^burj1\&h3q) and "Ludendorff" (  1ude^dor¡ý, 2 in-laws), "Moltke" (touch $tkb, h41), "Frederick the Great" (f^jedrt, hd/1gtoaa, h-) o "Hindenburg" class  The first two H3Q ships were started on July 15th and July 15th, 2011 respectively. The construction process went surprisingly smoothly. However, Hitler was not satisfied with the existing lock of mm main gun caliber and required the Navy to build and install 315mm main gun.  Inch (read o mm) main gun. This is the plan to install 9 o mm main gun! The "Hindenburg" class includes three ships, which were almost fainted by Hitler's request.  The battleship experts of the bureau, with the help of the naval generals, made repeated suggestions to Hitler. After a series of evaluations, the naval experts finally believed that the existing 0.0 mm main gun (also a twin-mounted 4-turret) was suitable.  It is not feasible, and a new hull must be built (that is, the 100,000-ton class). However, Germany is building tanks, submarines, aircraft and artillery on a large scale at this time, and the demand for steel is very tight. The 100,000-ton battleship hull  It would consume a lot of German steel. At the request of departments at all levels, Hitler finally gave up this unrealistic idea. However, the German Navy considered that the United States had installed 18-inch guns, so the Hindenburg-class battleships could not be lowered.  In response to the requirements of the U.S. Navy, the Hindenburg-class battleships are also equipped with 18-inch cannons. The "Hindenburg"-class has a total length of 277 meters, a full load draft of 112 meters, and a displacement of 7¡×o. This class of ships fully absorbs China's "Norwegian Navy".  The design experience of the battleship "King Harald" continues to be used in her hull. In addition, welding technology is still widely used, and the amount of welding accounts for qo~q5 redundancy. Welding saves about 15% of the weight of the hull compared to riveting, and is used  To strengthen the protection. In addition, German steel was world-class at the time, second only to China's special steel. "Hindenburg" used better high-strength steel than European and American countries, and its anti-strike capability would be "a higher level."  The ships of this class still have Atlantic bows, which are more suitable for the North Sea and Atlantic waters. Since the bows are susceptible to damage from bomb strikes and mine explosions, moderate flare and freeboard are adopted, even if they are damaged  In terms of anti-ship weapons, the "Hindenburg" class has a total of 8 millimeter (18-inch) main guns, twin-mounted.  There are 4 turrets, A turret and B turret are located at the front of the ship, C turret and D turret are located at the stern. Each gun has 110 rounds of ammunition, totaling 0, and the maximum ammunition carrying capacity is about 1.?.  The barrel life of this bubble is 15j^z1o.  The gun's rotation and pitch are hydraulically driven and can reach z per second respectively.  and&p can fire one volley every lock second.  The main types of shells used for the main gun include armor-piercing shells and high-explosive shells. The power of the armor-piercing shells is 10 to 150 times higher than that of the "Ohio" class. According to the post-war memories of the German Krupp company's artillery designers, at that time there were concerns about the equipment "  The Hindenburg-class mm-mm artillery has undergone frequent fire tests, testing its fire power at various battleship gun battle distances, with the target being vertical hits on homogeneous steel armor plates.  The artillery's vertical armor penetration level is 0 mm within 1 meter, 2 meters is 1 meter, and it can penetrate 15 mm at 1 meter. Think about it, no battleship at that time could withstand this gun.  The secondary battery is a twin-mounted 66-caliber 15d millimeter gun, which is installed on both sides of the upper deck. It is mainly used to deal with enemy surface ship attacks. The rotation angle is 15j There are also two turrets at the rear of both sides, with rotation backup.  It is 135 All other secondary guns are located in the middle of the ship's side.  The whole ship is ready with ammunition, and the maximum fire rate of this gun is 6/min.  The "Hindenburg" class initially did not have torpedo tubes, but after the outbreak of World War II, a Z-6 6-mm tube was installed.  In terms of anti-aircraft firepower, because the German army did not build an aircraft carrier and most of the warships fought without air cover, special emphasis was placed on anti-aircraft firepower. Even carrier-based reconnaissance aircraft were equipped with millimeter cannons.  The Hindenburg-class anti-aircraft defense consists of heavy, medium and light anti-aircraft guns.  The heavy anti-aircraft guns are -c/ on the first superstructure deck, with 4 mounted on the front, rear, left and right.  Six of them can shoot directly into the forward airspace, the other six can shoot directly into the rear airspace, and eight on each side can shoot directly into the air.  This type of anti-aircraft gun has been greatly improved compared to the 1c5mm mk-15 equipped with the "Ohio" class. Its maximum fire rate reaches 15/min and the elevation angle is 8o.  The firing height is 1 meter, and the turning angle is 85 degrees/second. The medium-sized anti-aircraft gun is a twin-mounted 37mm CS3 gun, all of which are mounted on the superstructure and can turn.  4 degrees/second.  The light anti-aircraft gun is a 78mm C6s single gun with a maximum fire rate of 1/min.  Its elevation angle is high.  The range at that time is ¡× meters, and the elevation angle is &5.  The current range is 37co meters, and the turning angle is also tight As for carrier-based aircraft, the "Hindenburg" class is equipped with 6 "Arado 1936" seaplanes for reconnaissance, calibration and liaison.  Two of them are placed in a hangar under the main mast, and four are placed in two standby hangars on both sides of the chimney.  The aircraft was fired from the chimney and the mainmast's catapult.  The "Hindenburg" also carried as many as several small boats.  In terms of armor protection, the armor of German warships is often sacrificed at the expense of firepower, because it is difficult to balance firepower, mobility and defense.  German ships adopt the "heavy armor doctrine", which will be more advantageous when attacking a large number with a small number.  German ship designers believe that one more gun may not necessarily be able to hit the enemy, but one extra inch of armor can simultaneously deflect the enemy ship's shells.  According to the Chinese proverb: If you keep the green hills, you won¡¯t have to worry about running out of firewood.  When designing the "Hindenburg" class, the Germans placed great emphasis on short-range protection, which not only could resist enemy ship bombardment, but also had sufficient protection against torpedoes.  Therefore, the armor of the "Hindenburg" class battleship is even more ridiculously thick.  The upper deck is reinforced with 80mm steel armor, which can prevent shrapnel and delay the penetration of artillery shells, so that the shells explode before penetrating the armor plate. The armored deck protects the vital parts of the ship, with a thickness of 1~160mm.  215 meters long.  The armor strakes on both sides are as thick as;!  ~Lock¡·mm, protecting the engine room, boiler room, ammunition room, etc.  The command tower and fire control parts are protected by thick armor, with the thickest point being 37d mm.  For the vulnerable main gun turret, its front thickness reaches 60 mm, and the side thickness also reaches 20 mm.  The main armor of the secondary battery also reaches &o mm.  The "Hindenburg" class has a very strong torpedo protection system on its side. According to the intelligence obtained by the Chinese Military Intelligence Bureau, the ship was designed to be able to protect against a torpedo with a TNT charge of 1 kilogram.  It can still continue fighting if it hits z~3 horns. It can still survive for a long time if it hits 8 or more kilogram charge torpedoes.  The torpedo protection system remains a mystery.  Many Chinese battleship experts believe that there are simply more watertight compartments and thicker compartment armor plates.  But now the latest information reveals that the "Hindenburg" has a longitudinal bulkhead on the inside of the ship and the center line of the hull. The most important power area and the lower part of the ¡Óa tower are equipped with a triple bottom.  Initially, the designers planned to equip the "Hindenburg" class with an electric propulsion power system that is popular on large commercial ships.  Taking into account safety aspects and fuel saving factors, the high-pressure turbine steam turbine was finally used.  "Hindenburg" is equipped with three "Bismarck" class Curtis light turbines, which are installed in three transversely arranged watertight compartments, each driving a propeller.  The electrical equipment includes 100kW diesel motors, 8 0kW turbine motors and 20kW turbine motors, with a total power of 10kW.  They are installed in 4 cabins respectively, with turbine motors installed in the cabin and diesel motors installed in the tail cabin.  The number of people in the establishment is z1. During the war, it was the flagship with the largest number of people.After reading the data on warships from various countries submitted by the intelligence department, Zhang Yunfei¡¯s brows were furrowed.  Zhang Yunfei thought that various countries were building large-scale battleships, which was enough to consume the national power of each country.  This is a tactic that Zhang Yunfei has originally considered, and it is also China's long-term foreign policy.  However, at this time, there were great differences within the empire on the idea that battleship-led giant ship cannon doctrine and aircraft carrier-led air supremacy determine war.  Especially in the Royal Navy, the BB Party and the CV Party were arguing endlessly, which made the Admiralty's shipbuilding plan very difficult.  "Tell me what you think!" Zhang Yunfei looked at the crowd. He no longer wanted to interfere in the military's decision-making. He only wanted to see that the imperial military could have its own worldview and methodology, because Zhang Yunfei knew that he could not make decisions for the navy forever.  Correct decision-making depends on their own efforts.  Otherwise, the Imperial Navy will never know how to proceed!
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