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Side Story The History of Wanli (3)

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    4. The period of pro-government The first major thing Ming Shenzong did after he took office was to liquidate the deceased Zhang Juzheng.  Because Zhang Juzheng did whatever he wanted in the court, did not take the emperor seriously, and lived a corrupt life.  On the one hand, he lived in a mansion and occupied the Xianglu (villa) left by Yan Songsi and on the other hand, he enjoyed the beautiful Persian sisters presented by Qi Jiguang.  Moreover, his people also have financial problems.  It is too harsh and harsh on the monarch and does not allow more money to be spent.  At that time, the court ministers dared to get angry but did not dare to speak!  (1581) Zhang Juzheng fell ill in July.  The cause of the disease is said to be "accumulation of heat in the intestines and stomach, which flows into lower body fever. Taking too many cold medicines can injure the spleen and stomach."  At that time, some scholars, such as Wang Shizhen and Shen Defu, concluded that Zhang Juzheng liked to take drugs, which caused the heat to disperse downward or upward.  Zhang Juzheng did not dare to wear a mink hat in winter because the heat rushed up to his head.  Therefore, Zhang Juzheng's illness was actually caused by his extravagant personal life.  Of course, Zhang Juzheng was busy with state affairs and overtired, which was also one of the causes of the disease.  From the ninth year of Wanli to the tenth year of Wanli, Zhang Juzheng never asked for leave and insisted on working.  In February of the following year, Zhang Juzheng's old illness relapsed. Although he had been treated by famous doctors many times, Zhang Juzheng himself knew that he was "exhausted of energy" and "no more than a walking corpse"!  (1582) On June 20th, Zhang Juzheng, a famous minister of his generation, finally passed away from illness.  Shenzong stayed away from court for a day and gave Zhang Juzheng lofty treatment: he was given the posthumous title Wenzhong, given the title of Shangzhu, his son Yin was made Shangbao Sicheng, and he was rewarded with 500 taels of mourning silver.  Two years later, in August of the twelfth year of Wanli (1584), Shenzong wrote in a memorial to the Metropolitan Procuratorate to impeach Zhang Juzheng: "Zhang Juzheng slandered his vassals, invaded the king's tomb, suppressed the officials, and blocked my wisdom   He was dictatorial in power, disrespectful of his kindness, and disloyal to the country. He should have cut off his coffin and slaughtered his corpse. He had served for many years, so he could avoid being prosecuted. " At this time, Zhang Juzheng's family had been confiscated.  The population of Zhang Mansion, some old and weak women and children were closed in Zhang Mansion because they were too late to leave, and more than ten people starved to death; Zhang Juzheng's eldest son Zhang Jingxiu left a "Qiu Shilang (“ù), Ren Xunjian, Living King of Hell! You also have parents, wives  "How could I bear to trap someone in such cruelty" in his suicide note, he hanged himself; Zhang Juzheng's 80-year-old mother was left with an empty house and 10 hectares of land at the request of Shen Shixing, a scholar from Shouxing University.  Zhang Juzheng probably could never have imagined that he would be punished so ruthlessly by Shenzong who supported him after his death!  Shenzong¡¯s 180-degree change in attitude was obviously the vent for his mental abnormality after being under the constraints of Zhang Juzheng for a long time.  There are many reasons for Zhang Juzheng¡¯s political tragedy.  First of all, Zhang Juzheng was overconfident and did not give the emperor enough confidence. His authority shocked the emperor, and finally attracted the emperor's revenge.  Secondly, Zhang Juzheng was too authoritarian during his time in power and offended too many officials.  Qiu Li, who was scolded by Zhang Jingxiu as the Living King of Hell, was one of them.  Qiu Li, a native of Zhucheng, has an upright character and is prone to arguments.  During the Longqing period, he resigned from office and stayed home.  In the early years of Emperor Shenzong's reign, many officials recommended Qiu Li to the court.  But Zhang Juzheng hated him very much and did not let him become an official again.  Shenzong was well aware of this relationship. After Zhang Juzheng's death, he sent Qiu Li and eunuch Zhang Cheng to raid Zhang's house.  Qiu Li's method was cruel and violent, and he was suspected of avenging private revenge.  Zhang Juzheng's affair also offended many upright scholar-bureaucrats.  The ban on lecturing offended many intellectuals.  Finally, Zhang Juzheng did not provide sufficient convenience to Li Wei, the father of Empress Dowager Cisheng, and others. As a result, Empress Dowager Cisheng did not speak for Zhang Juzheng when Shenzong liquidated Zhang Juzheng.  From this point of view, Zhang Juzheng is a very confident person, so he cannot treat others in vain, but is too cruel and autocratic.  Therefore, invoking revenge is, to a certain extent, self-inflicted.  However, for Shenzong, liquidating Zhang Juzheng was the basis for his own pro-government, and overthrowing Zhang Juzheng also established the emperor's own authority.  Zhang Siwei and Shen Shixing, who succeeded Zhang Juzheng as chief academicians, saw Zhang Juzheng's favor during his lifetime and humiliation after his death, and naturally they no longer dared to follow Zhang Juzheng as an example.  Therefore, Shen Shixing, who was once appreciated by Zhang Juzheng for his talents, knew well that accompanying an emperor is like accompanying a tiger, and learned Zhang Juzheng's lessons. On the one hand, he obeyed the emperor, and on the other hand, he impressed the entire civil government with sincerity.  In a word, Shen Shixing is a typical peacemaker.  The No. 1 scholar in the 41st year of Jiajing (1562), who came from Changzhou County, a prosperous Suzhou Prefecture, just like his character "Rumo", strived for tranquility, but he was also regarded as "the first rat and the two ends".  During his tenure, he set two very bad precedents - the introduction of Zhang Zou Liuzhong and the submission of Jingyan lectures. For this reason, he was criticized as being responsible for the "lazyness" of Shenzong.  Chapter memorials are left in the palace, which means that the emperor ignored the memorials sent by the ministers and kept them in the palace without giving instructions or returning them.  The submission of Jingyan lectures means that the emperor does not need to attend the Jingyan. The Jingyan lecturers only need to deliver their lectures to the palace.  These two practices??Development completely cut off the communication channels between the emperor and ministers.  In fact, it is undoubtedly unfair to hold Shen Shixing Shenzong responsible for his neglect.  Since the emperor wants to be in charge, the ministers should do nothing; since the emperor wants to do nothing, the ministers should show humility and submission.  This is Shenzong¡¯s mentality.  In a sense, what Shenzong inherited from his grandfather was not only arrogance but also Qian Gang's dictatorial mentality.  Shenzong was a man who was extremely power-hungry, and unlike his father, he was not a mediocre monarch.  In fact, the major events of the Wanli Dynasty, such as the three major campaigns of Wanli, were all carried out under the arrangement of Shenzong.  The so-called Wanli Three Major Expeditions refer to three military operations carried out almost simultaneously in the northeast, northwest, and southwest borders: quelling the Kuaibai rebellion; the war to aid Korea; and quelling the Yang Yinglong rebellion.
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