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Text Chapter 1615 The Importance of Resources

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    With the development of society and the advancement of science and technology, more and more resources have been discovered, and the scope of resource derivation has become wider and wider. Therefore, a new concept of resources has gradually formed.  When utilizing certain resources under the conditions of knowledge economy, we must make full use of scientific and technological knowledge to consider the level of resource utilization. When utilizing different types of resources at different levels, we must also consider regional allocation and comprehensive utilization issues.  .  This is the "new resource concept", which is the cognitive basis for solving resource problems under the conditions of knowledge economy.  The resource system view is the core view in the resource view.  Only when human beings fully realize that they are part of the larger system of man and nature can they truly develop in harmony with nature.  Moreover, only when humans regard various resources as a subsystem in the larger system of man and nature, and correctly handle the relationship between this resource subsystem and other subsystems, can humans efficiently utilize such resources.  Resources are divided into different levels relative to the level of human understanding and utilization. Materials, energy, and information are three valuable resources that can be utilized in the real world, and the entire human civilization can be based on human development of these three resources.  and utilization of divided levels.  The development of human society is determined by the development of contradictory movements of productive forces and production relations.  In the beginning, human beings were the first to learn to use materials to process and make simple production tools to improve labor productivity. However, tools made only from materials are "dead tools" that rely on human power to drive and operate. This is generally agricultural.  The situation of productivity in the handicraft era; Later, humans further learned to use energy resources, combining materials and energy to create new production tools, turning the original "dead tools" into "living tools."  However, this kind of tool still needs to be controlled and manipulated by people, and the improvement of labor productivity is still limited by human physical factors.  This is generally the situation of social productivity in the industrial era.  In modern times, humans have gradually learned to develop and utilize information resources.  And organically combine materials and energy with information to create an advanced tool system that not only has power expulsion but also intelligent control, opening up infinite prospects for the development of social productivity.  In the traditional economy, people¡¯s competition for resources is mainly manifested in the possession of land, mineral deposits, oil, etc.  Today, information resources are increasingly becoming the focus of competition for people.  This is generally the situation of productivity in the information age.  In short, human beings have learned to use material resources, then energy resources, and information resources, which has promoted the continuous advancement of human society from the agricultural era to the industrial era and then to the information age. The "trinity" of materials, energy, and information has become an indispensable and valuable resource for modern society.  resources, only through comprehensive development and comprehensive utilization of the three major resources.  Only in this way can we continuously promote social progress and development.  The concept of resource dynamic balance is the theoretical basis of sustainable development.  In the large system of man and nature, the development and change of man depends on the development and utilization of natural resources, and the natural resource system is also developing and changing due to its own motivation and the role of man. In the process of development, man and nature must achieve a dynamic balance, and it also requires  Complementary resources and dynamic exchanges between regions prevent gaps in misalignment of resource combinations.  Today¡¯s estimates of natural resource guarantees must take into account the impact of high-tech factors.  The knowledge economy, which mainly relies on intellectual resources, is an inevitable trend in the development of the world economy and is not based on people's subjective consciousness.  High technology with information technology, biotechnology, new energy technology and new material technology as its core will greatly change the world and human life.  Blind resource pessimism is unfounded, but efforts should not be made as much as possible to implement basic research, applied research that may lead to breakthroughs, and high-tech industrialization.  It may restrict human development in the future.  Therefore, under the conditions of the development of knowledge economy, the key to so-called resource guarantee lies in the scientific application of these high technologies.  It can reach the commercial stage in order to replace scarce resources with abundant resources in economic life.  The latest research and actual development results show that most high-tech application period predictions are advanced.  This also confirms the accelerated development trend of science and technology.  So there's reason for cautious optimism about the outlook.  In human economic activities.  Various resources are interconnected and restrict each other.  Forming a complex resource system.  Each resource has its own subsystem within it.  Resource systems can be classified differently from different perspectives such as nature and use.  According to the nature of resources, there are the following categories: 1. Natural resources Natural resources generally refer to all material resources and natural production processes, and usually refer to resources that are beneficial to human beings under certain technical and economic environmental conditions. ? Natural resources can be classified from different perspectives.  From the perspective of regeneration of resources, they can be divided into renewable resources and non-renewable resources.Renewable resources: Renewable resources: resources that can be regenerated with human participation, such as farmland. If cultivated properly, the soil can be kept fresh and continue to provide new agricultural products for humans.  There are two types of renewable resources: one is resources that can be recycled, such as solar energy, air, rainwater, wind and water energy, tidal energy, etc.; the other is biological resources.  Non-renewable resources: (or exhaustible resources), the reserves and volume of such resources can be measured, and their quality can also be reflected by the percentage of chemical components, such as mineral resources.  The distinction between renewable resources and non-renewable resources is relative. For example, oil and coal are non-renewable resources, but they are the result of long-term physical and chemical changes in the remains of paleontology (ancient animals and plants) in the formation. This also illustrates the two  They can be transformed into each other, which is a manifestation of the immortality of matter and the law of energy conservation and transformation.  According to the ability of resources to recover and renew, they can also be divided into non-recoverable resources (such as various ores, oil, etc.), recoverable inexhaustible resources (such as soil, natural plants and beneficial animals in the land and ocean, and  water energy and solar radiation energy).  Based on the degree of controllability of resource utilization, it can be divided into exclusive resources and shared resources.  Proprietary resources: such as resources under state control and jurisdiction.  Shared resources: such as high seas, space, information resources, etc.  2. According to the classification of socio-economic resources and technological resources, there are the following categories: Natural resources, socio-economic resources and technological resources are usually called the three major types of resources of human society.  Social and economic resources, also known as social and humanistic resources, are social and economic factors that directly or indirectly affect production.  Among them, population and labor force are the main conditions for social and economic development.  Technical resources are also social and cultural resources in a broad sense, and they increasingly play an important role in economic development.  Technology is the application of natural science knowledge in the production process.  It is a direct productive force and a method and means to transform the objective world.  The most direct manifestation of technology on social and economic development is the improvement of production tools.  The yardstick of productivity in different eras is different production tools, which are mainly determined by science and technology.  In contemporary times.  The huge role of science and technology in promoting the development of productive forces is reflected in Deng Xiaoping's assertion that "science and technology are the primary productive forces."  3. According to the use of resources, they can also be divided into the following categories: 1). Agricultural resources Agricultural resources are the general term for agricultural natural resources and agricultural economic resources.  Agricultural natural resources include natural environmental factors that can be utilized for agricultural production, such as land resources, water resources, climate resources and biological resources.  Agricultural economic resources refer to the socio-economic factors and social production results that directly or indirectly play a role in agricultural production, such as the quantity and quality of the agricultural population and labor force, agricultural technology and equipment, agricultural infrastructure including transportation, communications, culture, education, and health, etc.  .  Basic types of agricultural resources 1. Natural resources: refers to the natural elements and natural forces (atmosphere, soil, water, etc.) that can be utilized in agricultural production and related fields, as well as those natural conditions that have begun to transform into agricultural natural resources.  2. Social and economic resources: the source of power to develop and utilize natural resources and transform them into social and economic wealth.  (1) Population and labor resources (2) Agricultural science and technology productivity The basic characteristics of agricultural resources: 1. Integrity Each element is interdependent and restricts each other, forming a unified whole.  To develop agricultural production, we must rationally develop and utilize agricultural resources in accordance with the requirements of optimal resource combination and ecological balance.  2. Regionality The distribution and combination characteristics of agricultural natural resources in different regions have certain differences. The development of agricultural production must follow the principle of adapting measures to local conditions.  3. Dynamic balance Various agricultural natural resources and their combinations.  That is to say, ecosystems are constantly developing and evolving, from balancing to breaking the balance to forming a new balance.  4. Renewability and reproducibility Such as seasonal changes in climate, cyclic supply of water, restoration of soil fertility and biological reproduction, etc., as long as they are properly developed and utilized and attention is paid to protection and cultivation, they can be used sustainably.  5. Limited Quantity and Unlimited Potential The reserves and usable amounts of agricultural natural resources are limited, and human beings¡¯ ability and scope of utilization of natural resources are also limited. However, because agricultural natural resources are renewable and reproducible, coupled with the  With the advancement of science and technology, humans can find new resources and expand the scope of resource utilization.  Continuously improve resource utilization and production capacity.  2). Industrial resources directly enter the field of industrial production and provide raw materials or power resources for industrial production.  such as minerals and fossil fuels, water energy, seeds, etc.  3). Information resources (including service resources) Information resources refer to the collection of various information activity elements (information technology, equipment, facilities, information producers, etc.) with information as the core accumulated in human social information activities.  Information resources are the general term for all documents, materials, charts, data and other information involved in the production and management process of an enterprise.  It involves all information resources generated, acquired, processed, stored, transmitted and used in the process of enterprise production and business activities, and runs through the entire process of enterprise management.  Information, energy and materials are listed as the three major resources in the world today.  Information resources widely exist in various fields and departments of economy and society.  It is a reflection of various conditions and relationships such as the forms of various things, internal laws, and connections with other things.  With the continuous development of society, information resources have great impact on the development of the country and nation.  It is vital to people's work and life and has become an important strategic resource for national economic and social development. Its development and utilization are the core content of the entire information system.  Wiener, the founder of cybernetics, believed: Information is information.  Not matter nor energy.  In other words, there is a difference between information, matter, and energy.  at the same time.  There is also a close relationship between information, matter, and energy.  Matter, energy, and information are the three major elements that constitute the real world.  As long as there are interconnections and interactions between things, information will occur.  All activities in human society are inseparable from information.  Information has long existed in the objective world, but people first understood matter.  Then I got to know energy, and finally I got to know information.  Information has use value, can meet people's special needs, and can be used to serve society.  However, the realization that information is a kind of resource only happened in the 1980s.  The research team of Harvard University in the United States gave the famous resource triangle.  They point out: without matter, nothing exists; without energy, nothing happens; without information, nothing is meaningful.  As a resource, matter provides people with a variety of materials; energy provides a variety of power; information provides a variety of knowledge.  Information is ubiquitous.  But not all information is a resource.  Only information that meets certain conditions can constitute a resource.  For information resources, there are narrow sense and broad sense: Information resources in the narrow sense refer to the information itself or information content, that is, data that has been processed and is useful for decision-making.  The purpose of developing and utilizing information resources is to give full play to the effectiveness of information and realize the value of information.  Information resources in a broad sense refer to the general term for various elements in information activities.  "Elements" include information, information technology and corresponding equipment, funds and personnel.  The narrow view highlights information as the core element of information resources, but ignores the "system".  In fact, if there are only core elements.  Without the "support" part (technology, equipment, etc.), organic configuration cannot be carried out and the maximum effectiveness of information as a resource cannot be exerted.  To sum it up, it can be considered.  Information resources consist of three major elements: information producers, information, and information technology.  (1) Information producers are workers who produce information for a certain purpose, including original information producers, information processors or information reproducers.  (2) Information is both the raw material and the product of information production.  It is the fruit of the labor of information producers.  It has a direct effect on various social activities and is the target element of information resources.  (3) Information technology is a general term for various technologies that can extend or expand people¡¯s information capabilities.  It is a technology that collects, processes, stores, transmits and utilizes data such as sounds, images, text and information from various sensor signals.  Information technology, as a production tool, provides support and guarantee for information collection, processing, storage and transmission.  Information resources are compared with natural resources and material resources.  It has the following characteristics: (1) It can be used repeatedly, and its value is reflected in its use; (2) The utilization of information resources is highly goal-oriented, and different information embodies different values ??in different users; (3)  ) is integrated. People's retrieval and utilization of it is not restricted by time, space, language, region and industry; (4) It is social wealth, and no one has the right to buy the right to use the information in full or permanently; it is  Commodities can be sold, traded and exchanged; (5) Liquid.  Information resources are unlimited, renewable and shareable; their development and utilization will greatly reduce the consumption of materials and energy and reduce pollution.  The universe where humans and the earth live has generated massive amounts of matter and energy within the infinite time and infinite space of its existence.?Information.  In the limited time and space of its existence, human beings have consumed a large amount of materials and energy, and also generated a large amount of information. The earth on which we humans live will eventually be destroyed. However, after the destruction of the earth, information resources will be  The heritage of mankind can exist for a long time in the universe. The importance of resources is well known. Human survival cannot be separated from abundant resources. Once resources begin to be scarce, the end of mankind will come. Therefore, for resources  We should cherish it.  Just like mineral resources, it seems that there are still a lot of mineral resources and they seem to be inexhaustible.  However, humans will abuse mineral resources because of this.  In the near future people will find that they can no longer find enough mineral resources.  Nine out of nine mineral resources are non-renewable resources. What are non-renewable resources?  Non-renewable resources refer to resources that have been developed and utilized by humans.  Natural resources that cannot be regenerated over a long period of time.  Such as: ore resources, soil resources, coal, oil, etc.  Also called "non-renewable resources".  Due to the continuous and increasing mining of mineral resources by humans, the reserves are gradually decreasing, and some are about to be exhausted. The speed of mineral formation cannot be compared with the speed of human development, so mineral resources are considered non-renewable.  The reserves of mineral resources are generally calculated based on the amount that can be developed and utilized under the current technical level and economic conditions. With the improvement of mining, smelting and extraction technology.  Some low-grade minerals and associated minerals in ores will also be utilized.  Mineral resources seem to be very abundant now, but in fact, mineral resources are limited. If humans continue to mine mineral resources without restrictions and unplanned, one day in the future, humans will find that they can no longer find minerals.  resources, so whether it is for the current economic benefits of minerals.  For the sake of the future, humans must have a plan, or plan, for the mining of mineral resources.  Under the current technological level and economic conditions, the rich ore and high-quality mineral resources that can be utilized by humans are extremely limited.  One way to solve the problem of mineral resource shortage is to carry out comprehensive utilization.  Minerals and impurity elements associated with ores.  Throw it away and it will cause harm, use it and it will become a treasure.  When exploring and evaluating certain minerals, comprehensive evaluation should be carried out; when mining, mineral processing and smelting.  Comprehensive development and comprehensive utilization should be pursued.     also.  If the cut-off grade for mining minerals is relaxed, some mineral reserves will increase exponentially. For example, if the cut-off grade for mining copper is lowered from the current 04% to 02%, the world's copper reserves will increase 25 times.  With the development of mining, mineral processing and smelting technology.  Some waste rocks and waste residues that seem to have no mining and utilization value today may become useful raw materials in the future.  Another way to solve the problem of mineral resources is to develop the ocean.  The ocean accounts for about 708% of the earth¡¯s total area and is extremely rich in resources.  There are about 4 billion tons of uranium in the global ocean, which also contains many kinds of elements that can be used. For example, in deep-sea sediments, there are a large number of "manganese nodules", which contain not only manganese, but also copper, cobalt, nickel, etc.  In the Pacific Ocean alone, there are 400 billion tons of manganese nodules.  The reserves of nickel in the ocean are 150 times that on land.  There are also gold, chromite, cassiterite, rutile, monazite and other placer deposits in the offshore area.  The continental shelf (the shallow sea part with a water depth of less than 200 meters) and the continental slope (the water depth of 200 to 1,000 meters) contain abundant oil and natural gas.  Undersea oil reserves are estimated to account for approximately 45% of the world's oil reserves.  Of course, the development of mineral resources is not entirely beneficial. The development of mineral resources still has certain harms.  The extensive development and utilization of mineral resources, in addition to causing a shortage of mineral resources, also pollutes the environment, changes the basic structure of the earth's environment and changes the natural environmental conditions of the region.  Open-pit mining of ores has completely destroyed the landscape and ecology of the mining area, producing far-reaching and serious impacts.  Kislovodsk in the Caucasus of the former Soviet Union is surrounded by mountains on three sides and is not affected by the northern continental climate. It was once known as an "oasis" with pleasant scenery.  Limestone mining began in the area in the 1940s, flattening the entire mountain and turning the original canyon into a large gap.  The city was under the attack of the cold air current from the north, and the "oasis" disappeared.  Open-pit mining of ores creates huge pits on the ground.  For example, the Rhine lignite mining areas in the Federal Republic of Germany and the Northern Czech lignite mining areas in Czechoslovakia will face terrain leveling and ecological restoration work when the mines are exhausted. The "recovery fee" for each hectare of land will cost thousands to tens of thousands.  rice yuan, accounting for about 3 to 5% of the cost of coal.  Both open-pit mining and underground mining have problems with the accumulation of waste rock and tailings.  Waste rocks and tailings accumulate into mountains, which not only occupy farmland but are also prone to landslide accidents.  A landslide in a 244-meter-high coal gangue field occurred in Aberfen, Wells, USA, killing more than 800 people.    When tailings are blown by wind and rain, the tailings powder or harmful substances in them spread into the atmosphere, water and soil, causing serious pollution.  In 1964, the Balk lead-zinc mine tailings in the Conway Basin of England was washed away by a heavy rain, destroying a large area of ??fertile lowland grassland, and the waste covering layer was half a meter thick.  In the process of oil and natural gas extraction.  The extraction and injection of underground fluids changes the hydrostatic pressure conditions of underground fluids.  It can cause ground subsidence or induce earthquakes.  Mineral resources are often associated with a variety of ores or a combination of multiple chemical elements.  Therefore, harmful substances are often diffused during the washing and smelting process of ore.  For example, from 1902 to 1903, the Anaconda copper smelter in Montana, USA, suffered arsenic poisoning due to the spread of arsenic-containing smoke, resulting in the death of a large number of livestock.  The iron ore in the Shenshan region of our country contains fluorine as high as about 7%. During the dressing and smelting process, most of the fluorine in the ore enters the tailings, and part of it is discharged from the flue gas and wastewater during the sintering and blast furnace production processes. In addition, this  The natural high fluoride background in the region has caused fluoride pollution and harmed the health of humans and animals.  The adverse effects of the development and utilization of mineral resources on the environment have attracted the attention of environmental geologists and environmental protection workers.  The pollution problems caused by it.  The solution measures focus on comprehensive evaluation, comprehensive development and comprehensive utilization; for the damage to the environmental structure caused by the development of mineral resources, the emphasis is on prevention and recovery, and at the same time, the establishment of management measures for the reasonable development and protection of mineral resources.  The importance of having many resources is conceivable. Therefore, for the future, we need to save resources. Especially for a large developing country like us, saving resources is even more important.  This will not only accelerate the development of our country, but also enable our country to no longer be troubled by resources.  "Building a conservation-oriented society" is a slogan we shout when we cherish and save resources, but.  How can we truly save resources?  Why is saving so strongly recommended?  We have already mentioned the importance of mineral resources. Here we take water resources as an example.  China¡¯s total water resources are about 28 trillion cubic meters, ranking sixth in the world.  The per capita water volume is more than 2,100 cubic meters, accounting for only one-quarter of the world's per capita level.  It is a water-scarce country, with more than 400 of the country's more than 600 cities experiencing water shortages.  Water shortage is particularly serious in the western region.  In some mountainous areas, it is very difficult for people and animals to drink water.  Our country¡¯s water use is facing severe problems, so we must cherish water resources and save water.  For example: after using the water, you should tighten the faucet to avoid the waste phenomenon of "a river of clean water flowing eastward". If you find that the faucet is broken, repair it in time to avoid losing a lot of water. Don't underestimate the discarded batteries.  Because one button battery will pollute 600 tons of water, if you throw it into the water, the water will be undrinkable.  We should collect batteries and send them to recycling bins, so that we can avoid contaminating water sources and recycle batteries, killing two birds with one stone.  We not only need to save water, but also save forest resources.  The total amount of forest resources in my country is insufficient, and the forest coverage rate is only 1821%, which is equivalent to 6152% of the world's average forest coverage rate; the country's per capita forest area and per capita forest volume are less than one-quarter and one-sixth of the world's per capita level respectively.  The quality of the forest is not high, with an average storage volume of only 8,473 cubic meters per hectare, equivalent to 8,486% of the world average. This is the warning that forest resources are sending to us!  We must save and use forest resources. First of all, we must not throw away manuscript paper, nor use unwritten paper to fold small crafts such as airplanes, let alone cut down and trample flowers and trees at will. We must plant trees and take care of flowers and trees;  Use disposable items such as paper cups, wooden blocks, etc.  In school, we should set up a "green bank" and pick up previously discarded paper scraps, small handkerchiefs, etc.  When eating out, bring your own spoons and chopsticks.  Although these measures seem very simple and seem to have no effect, you have to know that if one person does this, it will indeed have no effect. However, as long as everyone does it, it will definitely save a lot of money.  There are many forest resources, so saving forest resources starts from your side!  There are also electricity resources. Speaking of this, some people may say, aren¡¯t electricity resources unlimited?  We have as much electricity resources as we need to use. If you really think this way, you are wrong. Electricity resources are also limited.  Electricity is inseparable from everywhere in our lives.  electricity.  It brings us all kinds of conveniences, but we still have to save electricity.  Because almost all of our home appliances are produced by burning standard coal, and the coal stored in our country is only enough to be mined for 100 years!  Think about it, everyone.  What will our descendants do in 100 years?  Therefore, we must save electricity.  First of all, start with yourself and remember that "people come to light.""Lights go out when people leave." In midsummer, when turning on the air conditioner, don't adjust the temperature too low. Just make it suitable. For daily lighting, use energy-saving lamps as much as possible, because ordinary light bulbs convert a large amount of electrical energy into heat. Only decimals are converted into light, while energy-saving lamps almost convert electricity into light. "Cherishing resources and advocating conservation" is the obligation of every citizen. Some people say that conservation is a product of the low-productivity natural economy era. Is it inappropriate to mention conservation under the conditions of market economy? Some people say that consumption is the traction engine of production and the indispensable wheel of modern trains. Is it conservative and outdated to advocate the transformation to a conservation-oriented society? Why do we still ask these questions? People definitely don¡¯t know that uncontrolled waste of resources shakes the foundation of survival. Yes. Uncontrolled waste of resources shakes the foundation of survival. This is not an alarmist, but a real reality, because resources are limited and once they are consumed. It¡¯s over. How can humans survive? Saving and waste are relative. Today we mention saving because the waste happening around us is shaking the foundation of our survival. 1. Per capita water resources are less than 1/4 of the average, and more than 400 of more than 600 cities have insufficient water supply. But do we cherish water? Agriculture is a large user of water resources and a large waste of water resources in our country. , the agricultural irrigation method of "earth canal water delivery, flood irrigation" is still widely used. Half of the irrigation water leaks during the water delivery process, and the utilization rate is only about 40%, which is less than half of the level of developed countries. The technology of existing water facilities is backward. At present, my country's industrial water consumption per 10,000 yuan of output value is 103 cubic meters, that of the United States is 8 cubic meters, and that of Japan is only 6 cubic meters. The reuse rate of our industrial water is only about 55%, while the average of developed countries is 75% 85%. People waste water resources unscrupulously in life. Experiments show that if a faucet leaks one drop of water per second, 360 tons of water will drip out in a year. However, most cities in our country have water distribution pipe networks and water appliances. The water leakage loss is as high as 20%. The leakage of urban toilet water tanks alone causes more than 10 billion cubic meters of water wasted every year. The water consumption of Beiping City alone is equivalent to that of a car wash. The water storage capacity of Kunming Lake or 6 North Seas is less than 2/5 of the world's average arable land. We need less than 1/10 of the world's arable land to feed a quarter of the world's population. The "land enclosure movement" under various names has drastically reduced our cultivated land. Small solid clay bricks alone can destroy 81,000 acres of fertile land a year. Brick factories alone occupy 4 million acres of land. Amid extensive use and unnecessary waste, energy has also entered an era of shortage. The lowest per capita reserves of important mineral resources such as oil, natural gas, copper, and aluminum account for only 1/25 of the world's average industrial production per 10,000 yuan. It consumes nearly 40% more energy and mineral resources than developed countries. In addition to the factors of backward science and technology, human waste is a big loophole.  Neither the Asian financial crisis nor the sudden disaster could stop my country's economy from advancing rapidly. However, as energy shortages and raw material prices swept across the country, people began to feel more and more clearly that my country's economy was suffering. The pain of resource constraints.  For a large developing country like ours, the shortage of important resources will inevitably be controlled by others. At critical times, resources may not be bought with money.  The imminent resource crisis sounds a natural alarm. Riding on the high-speed economic train, facing the increasingly rich material life, we often feel a kind of satisfaction: the days of poverty are over, and life is getting more and more prosperous.  But when we know that today¡¯s prosperous life is achieved through excessive consumption of resources, and today¡¯s development is achieved in exchange for the survival rights of future generations, can we still live so calmly and carelessly?  "I thought you were infinitely broad, and I didn't care about losing a piece of shade. I thought you had infinite treasures. I didn't care about taking away a little peace. I thought you were extremely strong, but who knew your tears were flowing. I thought your maternal love was boundless. Who knew you were gradually losing it?  Strength. "The scarcity and depletion of existing resources, the needs and pressures of future development.  We must listen carefully to nature's warnings.  After encountering "coal shortage", "electricity shortage" and "oil shortage" one after another, the Chinese people experienced the bitterness of resource shortage for the first time.  In the annoyance of queuing up to buy candles, in the panic of suddenly falling into darkness, the alarm bell has actually sounded!  Geologists have confirmed after decades of surveys that due to its huge population base and rapid economic development, China has become a "resource-weak country".  In 50 years, except for coal, almost all mineral resources in China will be in serious shortage, of which 50About % of resources are facing depletion.  This is a very dangerous signal.  Insufficient resources will become the biggest difficulty restricting China's rapid economic development.  It will also become the biggest hidden danger that damages our beautiful life.  In fact, under the wheel of development, how to deal with the challenge of resource shortage has become a worldwide issue.  In countries around the world, conservation has become a trend, and the awareness of resource conservation and protection in many countries has been integrated into every detail of life.  Those are some countries that are much richer than us, but their careful calculation of resource utilization puts us to shame.  The United States is a resource-rich country, and their national consumption level ranks first in the world, but American students¡¯ textbooks are reused.  A textbook needs to be used by at least 8 students and has an average lifespan of 5 years.  As for our country, the service life of our textbooks is only half a year!  There are currently 220 million primary and secondary school students in our country. If the textbooks currently available to each student can be used continuously for 5 years.  After deducting the cost, the savings can be considerable!  And in the process of recycling textbooks, how many forests will be spared!  Our neighbors, the Bangzi people, have already saved their lives to the teeth.  Because they cherish resources, they developed food toothpicks using potato starch or glutinous rice noodles as raw materials.  Like disposable tablecloths for restaurants, disposable toiletries for hotels, etc.  He has long since disappeared in Bangzi Country.  Disposable chopsticks were originally invented by the Japanese, whose forest coverage rate is as high as 65%.  But they are strictly prohibited from cutting down trees on their land to make disposable chopsticks. The wooden chopsticks they use are imported from China. After using them, they process the chopsticks into pulp and export them to China in exchange for foreign exchange.  HP is a world-renowned large company with great strength and wealth, but they have set up "spare boxes" and "recycling boxes" in the office. Paper that has only been used on one side is placed in the spare box, and other people can reuse the paper.  On the back, paper that has been used on both sides is put into the recycling box for recycling.  In any Epson company around the world, all double-sided printing paper must be used to paste various reimbursement receipts after it is used up.  Behind these seemingly trivial and even trivial behaviors is an increasingly recognized consensus: No matter how wealthy you are, you have no right to waste resources.  Saving resources depends on everyone¡¯s actions.  If everyone in our large developing country with a population of 1.3 billion does not pay attention to saving resources, then our resource reserves will not be able to carry the development of the Chinese nation; if a drop of water becomes a river, if China with a population of 1.3 billion can truly  By practicing strict conservation and opposing waste, the power it gathers will not only support our country's future, but also be our nation's gift to the earth and mankind.  "Don't do evil because it's small, don't do good because it's small."  Everyone can do something to eliminate waste in life, and save where possible.  Turn off the faucet when applying soap in the shower, and you can save 60 liters of water in one bath; use a cup to collect water when brushing your teeth, only 0.5 liters of water, and if you leave the faucet open for 5 minutes, 45 liters of water will be wasted; use water-saving appliances in the toilet, each time  It can save 45 liters of water; when washing vegetables, use a basin to collect water instead of turning on the faucet. One meal can save 100 liters of water The country's 1.3 billion people use one less pair of disposable wooden chopsticks, which means thousands of acres of forest  Avoid being cut down.  Every household in the country uses one less plastic bag every day, which can save a lot of oil consumption and reduce environmental pollution.  Recycling 1 ton of waste paper can produce 800 kilograms of good paper, cut down 17 trees less, save 3 cubic meters of landfill space, save more than half of papermaking energy, and reduce water pollution by 35%.  If we use energy-saving light sources, our lighting electricity consumption will drop by 60%, saving 74 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity a year, which is equivalent to saving 29.89 million tons of standard coal.  If all the existing 130 million refrigerators in the country are replaced by energy-saving refrigerators, 43.132 billion kilowatt hours of electricity can be saved every year, which is equivalent to half the power generation of the Three Gorges Hydropower Station It is no exaggeration to say that each of us has the power in our hands.  They all hold on to precious "resources" and hold the power of life and death over the "lifeblood" of the development of these nations. Success, destruction, love and loss depend on the actions of each of us.  In the 1950s and 1960s, our country strongly advocated the spirit of saving one kilowatt hour of electricity, one drop of water, one drop of oil, one pound of coal, and one inch of cloth.  Now that the economy has developed, income has increased, and life has become better, but that frugal spirit not only has not become outdated, but has acquired richer meanings with the development of the times.  ¡°Frugality cultivates virtue.¡± Since ancient times, the Chinese nation has always regarded frugality as a virtue worth promoting.  Today, our 20-word civic ethics outline also includes diligence, frugality and thrift.  Choosing frugality not only chooses a way of life and pursues a spiritual quality, but also establishes a path to the future.  (Unfinished)?continued) ps: Note: Midsummer has arrived, everyone, please pay attention to prevent heatstroke!  
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