In the "Appointment Instructions" written by Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang himself for newly appointed officials, it is stipulated that the first task of new officials when taking office is to find out "how many gods should be worshiped?" and to worship the heaven and earth and pray for good weather for the local people. As the saying goes, the most important thing in the country is to worship the soldiers. The second sacrifice of Spring Prayer and Autumn Annunciation has always been regarded as a top priority, so it is understandable that this task should be placed at the top of the list. The second task of the new official is to inspect and care for the orphans in the nursing home. In the past dynasties, filial piety was often used to govern the country. Therefore, after worshiping the heaven and earth, it is necessary to express condolences to the elderly. This is also in line with the philosophy of governing the country in the past dynasties. It is worth mentioning that Zhu Yuanzhang stipulated that the third task of the new official after taking office was to inspect the prisoners. In other words, judicial and criminal matters have been placed at the forefront of all government affairs. In Zhu Yuanzhang's view, the life and death of those in prison is indeed a very important matter, so it is necessary to report to the gods immediately. How far has this Yamen completed the discussion on banning prisoners? How many questions can I ask? If the discussion has been completed, even if it is a matter involving a former official, it should be carefully reviewed and released, and it is especially appropriate to examine the heart of those who ask questions when they take office. In the meantime, you should know that the time of the ban is relatively recent and the matter is light. What has been proven? Which method is questionable? Those who understand must come to the conclusion, and those who are involved in doubt should examine it carefully, hoping that the matter will be settled and no injustice will be caused. Life is priceless, and once one misjudges life and death, no amount of material compensation can make up for it. Zhu Yuanzhang, an emperor from a peasant background, was very aware of the importance of prison, and the people-oriented idea was deeply rooted in Zhu Wanzhang's mind. It is undeniable that Zhu Yuanzhang was very ruthless. During his reign, he almost slaughtered all the high-ranking officials and dignitaries in the court. However, he was really kind to the lower class people, better than any previous emperor. It¡¯s just that due to the limitations of the times, although he attaches great importance to judicial punishment and prison, the method he comes up with is still to treat the symptoms rather than the root cause. No matter how much he attaches importance to it, the power of judicial adjudication rests in the hands of administrative officials, and administrative officials have jurisdiction at all levels. The subordinates are responsible to the superiors, and the superiors control the subordinates. In specific judicial trials, they have no corresponding trial power and are subject to strong administrative constraints. For example, in order to complete the task of repairing water conservancy, an official can arbitrarily appropriate people's fields and destroy people's prescriptions, and he does it "righteously" without worrying about breaking the law. There is nothing to worry about, the judicial power is in their hands. In short. Judicial trials cannot be held because too many real interests are involved. No matter how much you attach importance to it, it is impossible to make the judiciary fair and clear. Qin Mu removed the judicial power from the administrative system and stipulated that higher-level judicial departments should not interfere at will in the judicial process of lower-level judicial departments. The purpose is to maintain the integrity of justice. For this reason, he can be said to have been very deliberate and thought-provoking, even taking the initiative to limit the emperor's power. in this regard. Yang Shen also thought a lot. He said to Qin Mu: "Your Majesty, the judiciary must be separate from administration and legislation. This is a necessary means to ensure judicial fairness. But as your Majesty said. In addition to the neutrality and fairness of the judiciary, In addition, there is also professionalism. His Majesty¡¯s previous training for judicial officials at all levels, such as county magistrates and magistrates, is to ensure their professionalism. But in my opinion, this is far from enough. The system is completely separated. Its professionalism will become even more important. Judicial power is now tied to administrative power, and many things can be covered up by administrative orders. Once the judiciary is separated from administration, it will no longer be covered by administrative power. . Moreover, if the judgment of the judicial department is not professional and accurate enough, it will be immediately questioned by officials in the administrative, legislative, supervisory and other systems, and it will also be difficult to convince the public. Therefore, without a professional judicial team, it is rash to combine the judiciary and the judicial system. I am afraid that if the administration is separated, things will be counterproductive, which will be very different from the results expected by His Majesty. " Yang Shen's words are easy to understand. When the judiciary is bundled with the administration, judicial impartiality can be disguised as administrative needs, and no one will think there is anything wrong. Behavior that violates the law can also be justified as national needs. ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Once separated, you can no longer use the excuse that the country needs it. Everything must be done according to the law. If the country needs it, you cannot arbitrarily infringe on the rights and interests of ordinary people. The law is the law, and it is no longer an accessory of administration. On the contrary, the judiciary will form a strong constraint on the administration, so the administrative system will not be able to provide "cover" to the judicial system, and will question the judiciary as much as possible to eliminate the judicial constraint on the administration as much as possible. To withstand questioning from all parties, the judicial system itself must be professional enough that no one can find fault. Qin Mu asked: "What suggestions does Yang Qing have for this?" Yang Shen cupped his hands and replied: "Your Majesty, the previous training of forensic doctors and the training of local judicial officials are only temporary. The judiciary has to come out. , there must beTo form a highly professional team of judicial officials, I believe that a long-term mechanism must be developed to train judicial officials for a long time, instead of reacting passively with the previous sudden and temporary approach. The minister suggested that a judicial college be established, modeled on the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, specifically to train judicial talents, and to formulate corresponding talent promotion and appointment mechanisms to ensure the professionalism and personality of judicial officials. " Qin Mu didn't think much about this, and said: "Since this matter was raised by Yang Qing, and Yang Qing is proficient in law and is in charge of Dali Temple, let Yang Qing organize this judicial college. No, I will try my best to satisfy Yang Qing. I hope to see the Judicial College be established as soon as possible and train batches of outstanding judicial talents. " Yang Shen didn't refuse much. He immediately stood up and replied: "I obey the order. " After Yang Shen left, Qin Mu thought about it alone for a long time. Now all his energy is focused on this matter. This matter is of great importance and is the core of all his reforms. Without a perfect judicial system, there is no way Effective supervision of officials at all levels will make it impossible to maintain political clarity for a long time. But the judiciary itself is an initiative that has never been done before in history, and it is not an easy task to put it under a political system of monarchy. , For this reason, Qin Mu felt a little exhausted. He was lying on the rocking chair, covered with a blanket. Liu Rushi stood behind him, gently pressing his head, and his eyes naturally showed a trace of love. With an expression on his face, only she knew how much energy Qin Mu had devoted to judicial reform. ¡°Throughout the past dynasties, few people have enjoyed a country for three hundred years. As time goes by, they always fall into prosperity and decline. The strange cycle of death, this historical cycle that will be reincarnated once every few hundred years, seems to be forever difficult to break. " Qin Mu closed his eyes and seemed to be mumbling to himself while enjoying Liu Rushi's massage. Liu Rushi listened quietly and did not interrupt. "I have looked at the internal causes of the country's collapse in the past dynasties and concluded that it is nothing more than official rule. corruption, and a deformed tax system. There may be other factors, but these two are the main ones. If the administration of officials is corrupt, treacherous ministers will be in power, and virtuous ministers will be ostracized. Abnormal taxation restricts national development, distorts social ecology, and ultimately causes the country to fail to make ends meet. Is it true that corruption in officialdom cannot be controlled? Not really. Absolute power leads to absoluteness. In the past, the judiciary and administration were tied together. Officials were both players and referees, and the binding force of justice on them was almost negligible. In this case, how can we prevent the corruption of officialdom? I want to come out of the judicial system, and even the emperor cannot interfere. I hope that it can break the strange circle of this history. This is not the best, even if it is not the best, it will not be worse than the original. " Qin Mu's voice was a little weak, but it seemed to strengthen her will. After hearing this, Liu Rushi was filled with emotion and couldn't help but whisper emotionally: "Your Majesty" She has read the classics and history, and the emperor in front of her Unlike all emperors in the past, his courage and foresight impressed her so much that it could even be said that she was obsessed with justice. Who would have dared to think of such a shocking initiative? Who would have dared to do it? For the first time, he took the initiative to lean down and kiss Qin Mu¡¯s forehead and lips (To be continued, please search Piao Tian Literature, the novel is better and updated faster!?¡