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Volume 3: A blow of destiny, the king appears Chapter 30: Glory

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    "I believe that the so-called destiny is just the final result of a person's actions caused by a person's physical, psychological, emotional, personality and other factors. Literature bar wxba I also always believe that these factors can be changed by humans. No matter what,  , your destiny is in your own hands - Haruki Murakami's "Kafka on the Shore".

    Qin Shihuang, one of the gatekeepers in the Demonic Illustration

    The First Emperor of Qin (259-210 years ago) had a surname of Ying and a given name of Zheng. Sima Zhen of the Tang Dynasty cited Shiben in "Historical Records Suoyin" and called him Zhao Zheng, but there is still controversy.

    It is later known as Ying Zheng or Qin Wangzheng in later secular times, and is also called Zulong in some literary works.  Claiming to be the First Emperor, he was the monarch of the Qin State at the end of China's Warring States Period.  He came to the throne at the age of thirteen. After taking charge, he successively eradicated Lao Ai and Lu Buwei, and re-appointed Li Si and Wei Liao. At the age of thirty-nine, he unified the six countries and established the Qin Dynasty. He died while on a tour at the age of fifty and reigned for thirty-seven years.

    Qin Shihuang was the first monarch in Chinese history to adopt the monarchy system and promote centralization of power. He was also the first monarch in Chinese history to use the title of emperor (excluding the emperor).

    After unifying the world, a number of policies were implemented, such as the same text for books, the same track for carriages, and the unification of weights and measures. Policies and laws and regulations that had a far-reaching impact on later generations can be said to have a broad and far-reaching impact on the history of China in the future.

    But on the other hand, Qin Shihuang also carried out a number of large-scale projects during his reign, including the construction of the Great Wall, Epang Palace, Lishan Mausoleum, etc. In addition, the tyranny of the people caused heavy labor, which was one of the reasons why the Qin Dynasty fell so quickly after his death.  .

    After Qin Shihuang unified China, he believed that the previous titles such as king and king were not enough to show his respected status, so he created a new title of emperor and awarded it to himself. He called himself Qin Shihuang, or Shihuang for short:

    "Shi" has the meaning of "original" and "first time". Qin Shihuang hoped that his successors would be called the Second Emperor, the Third Emperor, and so on forever.

    The word emperor mainly refers to the myths and legends of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors.  It is formed by extracting the characters Huang and Emperor from it.  Qin Shihuang obviously hoped to use this title to show that his status and prestige were not inferior to that of the Yellow Emperor.

    Huang means great or brilliant, and is usually the ancient Chinese name for heaven, such as Huang Tian; Huang Qiong (referring to the Emperor of Heaven), etc.

    Emperor means the Emperor of Heaven, God, the master of all things in the universe as imagined by the ancients.  Qin Shihuang combined the words emperor and emperor in order to show his supreme status and authority, which were given by heaven, that is, the power of kings is divinely authorized, which reflected that he was not satisfied with just being a human ruler.

    The titles of the First Emperor of Qin and the First Emperor.  It was first seen in the "Tai Shi Gong Shu" written by Ma Qian of the Taishi Company of the Western Han Dynasty, that is, "Historical Records". Among them, Qin Shihuang comes from "The Benji of Qin", and the first emperor comes from "The Benji of Qin" and "The Benji of Qin Shihuang".

    Since Qin Shihuang combined the words emperor and emperor for the first time, his official title should be Qin Shihuang.

    Ying Zheng was born in Handan, Zhao State.  His father is Qin Gongzi Yiren, and his mother is Zhao Ji.

    Because King Qin Zhaoxiang adopted Fan Sui¡¯s strategy of making distant contacts and attacking closely, he chose the neighboring countries of South Korea and Wei as the targets of the close attack, and made a truce with the distant Zhao State.

    According to the practice at the time, Qin and Zhao needed to exchange hostages to show their sincerity.  The hostage sent by the State of Qin to the State of Zhao was Wangsun Yiren (also known as Zichu, King Zhuangxiang of Qin), the father of Qin Shihuang. Yiren was one of the concubines of An Guojun (King Xiaowen of Qin) who was made the prince by King Zhaoxiang of Qin.

    The alien has more than 20 brothers.  In addition, his mother Xia Ji was not favored by Lord An Guo, so his chances of inheriting the throne were very low.  What's even more unfortunate is that since Qin and Zhao have had several military conflicts, Yiren's treatment in Zhao is not good.

    In this way, the foreigner became the hostage of Zhao State.  But Lu Buwei, a big businessman in Puyang, changed his destiny in his later years.  Lu Buwei had lofty political ambitions and felt that strangers and strange things were a good place to live, and he soon became good friends with strangers.

    At that time, Yiren's father An Guojun had ascended the throne as King of Qin, and Mrs. Huayang was made queen.  But Mrs. Huayang had no children, so Lu Buwei personally lobbied Mrs. Huayang's brother Yangquan Jun.  It means that the King of Qin is old. If there is no accident, his son Xi will ascend the throne. Shicang will be reused, and the power of Yangquan Lord will disappear.

    Yang Quanjun was shocked and asked Lu about his plan. Lu Buwei cleverly said that he was a talented person with both virtue and virtue, but it was a pity that he did not have a mother to protect him in the palace.  If the queen can establish a foreigner as the prince, the foreigner will definitely be grateful for Mrs. Huayang's kindness, and as the uncle of the country, Lord Yangquan will be protected in terms of power.

    Lord Yangquan was persuaded by Lu Buwei and agreed to lobby the queen, who then asked the State of Zhao to repatriate the young master Yiren to the State of Qin.

    Yiren's journey back to Qin was not smooth sailing. Since the State of Zhao did not allow Yiren to return, Lu Buwei had to personally lobby King Zhao Xiaocheng, saying that Qin would not give up attacking Zhao just because of a proton, but would send Yiren back if he was generously gifted.  When Qin ascends the throne, he can win the friendship of the future King of Qin, and Lu Buwei even said that King Xiaowen of Qin is already old and will die once he dies.Even if the State of Zhao takes the foreigner as a hostage, the State of Qin can always establish a new king of Qin, and the State of Zhao will gain nothing. In the end, the King of Zhao agrees to the return of the foreigner.

    After returning to Qin, Lu Buwei asked the foreigner to wear Chu clothes to visit the queen. The queen was very happy and changed the foreigner's name to Chu, which was called Zi Chu in history.  Later, Zi Chu showed his talents in front of the King of Qin. The King of Qin was shocked and said in front of the prime minister that none of his sons could compare with Zi Chu. At the same time, the Queen persuaded Zi Chu to be crown prince.

    King Xiaowen of Qin reigned for a short time. He first went into mourning for a year, and then died at the age of 54 just three days after he officially became queen.  Later, Prince Chu came to the throne and became King Zhuangxiang of Qin. He appointed Lu Buwei as the prime minister and the title of Marquis Wenxin. He granted the city of Lantian twelve counties. He continued to adhere to the national policy of establishing distant relations and attacking closely, and launched a war against the three Jin Dynasties (Han, Zhao and Wei).  Establish Qin's strong position.

    However, King Zhuang Xiang did not reign for long. He died three years later at the age of 35. Ying Zheng, who was 13 years old at the time, officially ascended the throne of King Qin.

    According to the "Historical Records of the First Emperor of Qin", Qin Wangzheng was born to Prince Chu and Zhao Ji of Zhuangxiang of Qin.  However, "Historical Records of Lu Buwei" records that when Lu Buwei presented Zhao Ji to Zi Chu, he already knew that she was pregnant, which means that Ying Zheng is likely to be Lu Buwei's illegitimate son.  Ban Gu, a historian of the Eastern Han Dynasty, also quoted this statement and called Ying Zheng the illegitimate son of Lu Buwei in his book "Han Shu".

    The story of the rare things that can be lived in is the main proof of Qin Shihuang Yingzheng's life experience. It is recorded in "Warring States Policy" and "Historical Records of Lu Buwei" respectively. However, even if it is the same story, there are still many discrepancies in the details

    When Ying Zheng came to the throne, a rebellion broke out in Jinyang, but fortunately, Qin general Meng Ao quickly put it down.

    Because of his young age, Ying Zheng respected the Prime Minister Lu Buwei as his father-in-law and presided over the state affairs, and made Meng Ao, Wang Yan, He Gong and others his generals.

    At that time, in order to consolidate their political status, the nobles of various vassal states would recruit talents.  Anyone who defected to their sect, they took in and supported them. These supported people were generally called diners, and those who were famous for supporting many diners were named the four princes of the Warring States Period (Xinlingjun of Wei State, Pingyuan Zhao of Zhao State).  Jun, Mengchang Jun of Qi State and Chunshen Jun of Chu State) were the leaders.

    After Lu Buwei consolidated his position, he lamented that the Qin State was so powerful that it was not as good as the four princes of the Warring States Period in raising scholars. Therefore, he also vigorously recruited diners and paid a lot of money to hire many knowledgeable people. His diners once numbered 3,000.  He also instructed his diners to compile "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals", which was composed into eight readings, six treatises and twelve chapters, with a total of 200,000 words.

    Cheng Xi is the son of King Zhuangxiang of Qin and the younger brother of Ying Zheng. His biological mother may be a member of the Han family represented by his grandmother Xia Ji, who was named the Lord of Chang'an.

    In 239 BC (the eighth year of the Qin Dynasty), Ying Zheng ordered Cheng Yu to lead an army to attack Zhao. Cheng Yu rebelled against Qin and surrendered to Zhao in Tunliu (now Tunliu County, Shanxi Province).
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