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Volume 3: A blow of destiny, the king appears Chapter 26: The Empress

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    The Guardian of the Demonic Illustration - Wu Zhao

    Wu Zhao (624-705), also known as Wu Fu and Wu Zhao, whose real name is unknown, commonly known as Wu Zetian or Empress Wu, was born in Wenshui, Bingzhou. She was the only universally recognized female emperor in Chinese history.  ¡òLiterary Museumr />

    During the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, she was the queen (655-683), with the title of Queen of Heaven. She was also known as the Two Saints together with Li Zhi, Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty.

    ? 683-690 As the empress dowager of Tang Zhongzong and Tang Ruizong, she later proclaimed herself Emperor Wuzhou (reigned 690-705). After abdicating in 705, she became the only female emperor in Chinese history.

    The Wu family is the second daughter of the warrior Yi who was the founding hero of the Tang Dynasty. Her mother is the Yang family. Her ancestral home is Wenshui County, Bingzhou (now Wenshui County, Shanxi Province). She was born in Chang'an (now Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province). When she was fourteen, she was very beautiful.  He was a talented person who entered the harem and was given the title Wu Mei by Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.  During the reign of Emperor Gaozong, she was Zhaoyi, later she was granted the title of Empress, and was given the title of Queen of Heaven.

    After the death of Gaozong, Zhongzong ascended the throne, Wu became the empress dowager, and she was renamed Zhao after the imperial title.  Wu believed that he was as lofty as the sun and moon, hanging high in the sky.

    After he proclaimed himself emperor, he was honored as Emperor Shengshen, and after his abdication, Zhongzong was honored as Emperor Zetian.  The Wu family also had the abolished titles of Holy Mother God Emperor, Holy God Emperor, Jinlun Holy God Emperor, Yuegu Jinlun Holy God Emperor, Cishi Yuegu Jinlun Holy God Emperor, Tiance Jinlun Holy God Emperor, and Zetian Great Sage.  The emperor waits.

    The Wu family was born in Wenshui, Bingzhou (east of today's Wenshui County, Shanxi Province). He was born in the imperial capital Chang'an in the seventh year of Wude (624), the emperor of Tang Dynasty. It is said that he was born in Lizhou.

    ?? Mrs. Wu is the second daughter of the warriors Yi and Yang. She has half-brothers Wu Yuanqing and Wu Yuanshuang, and two half-sisters, one is the Korean lady Wu Shun, and the other is Mrs. Guo.

    Wu¡¯s real name has not been recorded, but some people now speculate that it was Wu Yuanhua.  However, this statement only refers to her brother's generation name and does not refer to the names of her sisters.

    His father, Samurai Yu, was engaged in timber trading and his family was well off and wealthy.  In the last years of Emperor Yang's career in the Sui Dynasty, when Li Yuan was serving in Hedong and Taiyuan, he stayed in the Wu family many times and became acquainted with them.

    After Li Yuan rebelled against the Sui Dynasty in Taiyuan, the Wu family provided money, food and clothing, so after the establishment of the Tang Dynasty.  As a meritorious official in the Yuan Dynasty, he served as Minister of the Ministry of Industry, Minister of Huangmen, Shangliu Shangshushi, Chief of the Governor's Office of Yangzhou, Governor of Lizhou and Jingzhou, etc. In Zhenguan, he was promoted to Minister of the Ministry of Industry, Governor of Jingzhou, and was granted the title of Duke of the State of the State.  .

    After his father, the warrior Yi, passed away in the ninth year of Zhenguan (635), his cousins ??Wu Weiliang, Wu Huaiyun and Wu Yuanshuang were disrespectful to his mother Yang.

    The eleventh year of Zhenguan (637).  Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty heard that the young Wu family was talented and beautiful, so he brought her into the palace, named her a fifth-grade talented person, and gave her the name Wu Mei. Later generations falsely called her Wu Mei Niang.

    When Mrs. Wu said goodbye to her widowed mother Yang before entering the palace, she said: "Do you know that it is not a blessing to serve the Holy Emperor?"  Why do we still cry and act like children?

    There is no detailed description of Wu¡¯s life in the palace during the Taizong period.  Only in his later years did Wu recall that he had trained horses for Taizong.

    At that time, Emperor Taizong had a famous horse master named Zicong, who was fat and incompetent.  Wu Shi was waiting at the side and said to Taizong: I can control it.  However, three things are needed: one iron whip, two iron spears, and three daggers.  If the person refuses to obey when hit with an iron whip, use the cannon to hit his head; but he still refuses to obey.  Then cut his throat with a dagger.  Taizong's ambition to strengthen the Wu family.

    In the seventeenth year of Zhenguan (643), Prince Li Chengqian was deposed.  Jin Wang Li Zhi was established as the prince.  Later, while serving Taizong, Wu Cai and Li Zhi met and fell in love.

    In the twenty-third year of Zhenguan (649), Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty passed away. Following the example of the harem of the Tang Dynasty, Wucai entered Ganye Temple and became a nun.

    In the first year of Yonghui (650), when Tang Gaozong went to Ganye Temple to offer incense on the anniversary of Taizong's death, he met Wu again. The two recognized each other and expressed their longing for each other after parting.

    At this time, Empress Wang, who was childless and out of favor, saw this and took the initiative to request Gaozong to bring the Wu family into the palace, in an attempt to attack her love rival Xiao Shufei.

    Tang Gaozong had this intention for a long time and immediately agreed.  In the second year of Yonghui (651), Tang Gaozong's mourning service was completed, and Wu entered the palace again. Before entering the palace, Wu was pregnant. After entering the palace, she gave birth to her son Li Hong.  The following year, he was worshiped as the second-grade Zhaoyi.

    In the sixth year of Yonghui (655), someone in the harem spread rumors that were unfavorable to Queen Wang. Legend has it that Queen Wang and her mother, the Liu family, found wizards and tried to use the art of victory to curse Wu Zhaoyi to death.

    However, after this unfavorable rumor reached the emperor's ears without any evidence, Gaozong was furious and believed it and expelled his mother Liu from the palace. He also wanted to promote Wu Zhaoyi from Zhaoyi to a first-rank concubine (Tang Dynasty).  Among the four ladies in the imperial harem, there was originally no title of Concubine Chen, and the original quota of four ladies was full. Tang Gaozong created the title of Concubine Chen for the sake of the Wu family. However, due to the opposition of the prime ministers Han Yuan and Lai Ji, it was not possible in the end.

    Soon, after Li Yifu and others from Zhongshushe learned that Gaozong wanted to abolish the queen and install Wu Zhaoyi, ministers such as Xu Jingzong, Cui Yixuan, and Yuan Gongyu also reported to Tang Gaozong.He successively submitted petitions requesting Wu Zhaoyi to be his queen.  Tang Gaozong saw that there were many people supporting it, and the idea of ??abolishing it came up again.

    With the support of Li Ji and other important officials of the imperial court, Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty finally issued an edict: on charges of conspiracy to poison, the Queen and Concubine Xiao Shu were deposed as common people and imprisoned; their parents, brothers, etc. were also demoted and exempted.  Official, exiled to Lingnan.

    After that, Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty once again issued an edict to establish Wu Zhaoyi as queen; at the same time, he demoted Chu Suiliang, the most opposed prime minister, to governor of another state.

    In the fourth year of Xianqing (659), Empress Wu reached a consensus with Tang Gaozong: Changsun Wuji, Yu Zhining, Han Yuan, Lai Ji and others would be removed from their posts and demoted from the capital.

    In the fifth year of Xianqing (660), Emperor Gaozong suffered from a headache and was dizzy. He was unable to handle state affairs, so he ordered Empress Wu to act as an agent in the government.

    In the first year of Linde (664), she discussed with Prime Minister Shangguan Yi and planned to abolish the position of Empress Wu.  However, before Shangguan Yi's abolition edict was drafted, Empress Wu had already received the news.

    She came directly to Gaozong and asked about the matter. Tang Gaozong had no choice but to shift the responsibility to Shangguan Yi.  Shangguan Yi was arrested and imprisoned, and soon after, he was executed by everyone in his family.

    In the second year of Qianfeng (667), Emperor Gaozong ordered the prince to supervise the country due to a long illness.  In the first year of the Shangyuan Dynasty (674), Gaozong was called the Emperor, and Empress Wu was called the Queen of Heaven. They were named to avoid the first emperor and the successive ones, but they actually wanted to respect themselves.

    Empress Wu suggested twelve things in the table: 1. Encourage farmers and mulberry trees, and reduce taxes on corvees.

    2. Restore the three auxiliary areas (exempt Chang'an and its surrounding areas from corvee).

    Third, stop the troops and moralize the world.

    4. Fuqiao is prohibited in South and North Zhongshang (government handicraft workshops).

    5. Save time and effort.

    Sixth, Guangyan Road.

    Seven, Du slanderous mouth.

    Eighth, all the princes and princes (Part 2) study Laozi.

    Nine, my father has been in mourning for my mother for three years (it used to be one year).

    10. For those who have been sued (letter of appointment) by former honorary officials in the reign of Shangyuan Dynasty, there will be no follow-up review.

    11. If you are a Beijing official of eighth rank or above, you will receive additional income (increased salary).

    12. Officials who have served for a long time and have high talents and low positions will be promoted (upgraded).  All the imperial edicts of Emperor Gaozong were implemented.

    Wu Zetian was able to attach great importance to agricultural production and stipulated that within the states and counties, those who cultivated fields and had a surplus of food in their families would be rewarded; those who were harsh in government and had their household registration transferred would be punished.  The agricultural book "Zhaoren Benye" ??compiled by him was published all over the world and had a great influence.  During Wu Zetian's reign, her religious policy was to prioritize Buddhism over Taoism.

    In the second year of Shangyuan (675), Empress Wu convened a large number of scholars and compiled a large number of books, and successively wrote "Xuanlan", "Ancient and Modern Neifan", "Qinggong Minutes", "Shaoyang Zhengfan", and "Weicheng Dianxun"  , "Zishu Yaolu", "Fenglou New Commandments", "Filial Son Biography", "Lienv Biography", "Neifan Yaolue", "Leshu Yaolu", "Bailiao New Commandments", "Zhao Renbenye"  ¡±, ¡°Chen Gui¡± and other books.

    ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? And secretly ordered this group of scholars to participate in the court's decision to divide the power of the prime minister. People at the time called them Beimen Scholars.  At that time, Emperor Gaozong was even more dizzy, and he planned to appoint Empress Wu as regent. Prime Minister Hao Chujun said: How can your Majesty appoint the Queen of Heaven instead of passing down the empire to the descendants of Emperor Gaozu and Emperor Taizong?  Emperor Gaozong decided to abandon the regency.
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