Chapter 635-636 He is Zhang Da Expert Back in the BMW, Zhang Wufeng took Suru and followed Sun Feifei's car. The past events of Zhang Zhengliang couldn't help but come to mind again. Zhang Wufeng didn't want to think too much about Zhang Zhengliang, Zhang Zhengyou and others, but since lunch was set at the Sideline Hotel this time, it didn't matter. What can these people do if they play tricks? By then, he wouldn't have been trampled to death immediately. For Zhang Zhengliang, in dreams and dreams, Zhang Wufeng may have taken it very seriously, and felt extremely resentful, hateful, and even wanted to kill him. At this moment, he took it too lightly, but he would still take revenge on the person who killed his father. The Sideline Hotel is as luxurious and lively as usual. Here, even if Sun Feifei comes, Zhang Zhengliang¡¯s people are nowhere to be seen, and the manager¡¯s attitude can only be said to be relatively good, which is very different from the best. In the hotel, Zhang Wufeng met Sun Rongrong and Sun Weiwei. This time, besides Lao Fang and Sun Feifei, Sun Weiwei was also present at this meal. Zhang Wufeng could only say that he was a little surprised. "Zhang Wufeng, let me introduce you. This is Sun Rongrong, and this is Sun Weiwei. They are both my sisters." "Yes." Zhang Wufeng nodded. Seeing that the two people ignored him, Zhang Wufeng didn't say anything more to them. In the eyes of the other party, he is an outsider. "This is Suru, she is my current girlfriend. I believe you already know everything about me, and there is no need for me to say more." Zhang Wufeng said with a smile. Sun Feifei was stunned for a moment, then smiled. "Hello, Suru. My name is Sun Feifei." "Hello, Sun Feifei. I'm Suru. Thank you so much this time." "You're welcome. If it weren't for Zhang Wufeng who understood this, I wouldn't be able to make a big profit. "No matter what, thank you very much." "Suru, I understand that you had, um, where did you get the treatment on your face?" "It was Wufeng who treated me. It was for me. He has been studying acupuncture for a long time. "Oh, that's it. I didn't expect that he was so good at gambling on stones," Sun Feifei said, with a look of surprise in her eyes. "I don't know much, I'm just proficient in antiques, calligraphy and painting, chess, calligraphy and painting, stone gambling, acupuncture, etc." Zhang Wufeng said casually, his words were relatively modest. "Hey, you are really bragging about not drafting. Don't think that you know how to bet on stones when the bets go up. I'm not convinced. Why don't you give me some experience and let me try it. I'm very curious about how you know how to bet on stones!" " "Haha, if you want to understand Rongrong, it's not a problem," Zhang Wufeng said gently to her. Sun Rongrong was stunned for a moment, feeling Zhang Wufeng's special gaze, and hesitated slightly. She wanted to curse a few words, but unexpectedly stopped. "Haha, since Brother Wufeng is willing to show us a way to make money, we are naturally all ears. Come, let's talk while eating." "Okay, sit down" "Speaking of gambling on stones, Jade's gambling on stones is actually It is the raw material of jadeite. Jadeite or jadeite refers to the jadeite that is wrapped in a layer of weathered skin when it is mined. It is impossible to know whether the quality of the jadeite is good or bad. The jadeite that needs to be cut is called jadeite. There is skin, but the water stone jade produced in the river bed is also the old factory jade, and the skin is very thin or skinless. The skin of the new factory jade is mostly skinless, but the thickness of the skin is mainly determined by the skin of the jade produced in the slope layer. Depending on the degree of weathering, the higher the degree of weathering, the thicker the skin. It is common for a piece of jadeite to have a colored skin and a very good surface. It may show green when you cut it for the first time, but it may disappear when you cut it for the second time. Things. Leaving the jade mine, the chance of betting is only one in 10,000 (referring to the color material). There are two types of raw jade: mountain material and mountain material. The material is mined directly from the jade mine. It has no outer skin, irregular shape, many edges and cracks, rough and loose structure, and not very good quality. It is not a jade stone, that is, jade gravel. This kind of rock is formed when it rolls down the hillside after being weathered and broken, and is carried into ravines or rivers by floods or rivers. Among the jadeite materials, it is divided into water type, soil type and water type return sand according to the quality of the jadeite and the thickness of the surface. Three types. During the rolling and transportation process, the edges and corners of the jadeite ore fragments are rounded, and the original cracked or loose parts are worn away or collapsed. At the same time, the surface is weathered into a layer of varying thicknesses, so that the jadeite fragments are broken. The pieces become approximately round or oval gravels wrapped in a skin. The gravels are large and small.There are thousands of tons, even tens of thousands of tons, as small as the size of a thumb. The materials have a skin of different thicknesses, and the skin has different shades of color. This is because when the skin is formed by weathering and erosion on the earth's surface, the impurities contained inside each are different, and the external geological environment is different, so the color of the skin is Also diverse. The basic colors of jadeite skin are white, yellow, red, brown, tan, gray and black. Generally, the color is light, and the color boundaries are not obvious, but often appear as: light white, off-white, yellow-white, light yellow, khaki, beige, dark yellow, yellow-red, etc. In the jadeite raw material trading market, most of them are jadeite gravel, that is, jadeite gravel. Since the surface of the gravel is covered by a layer of weathered crust, the internal conditions cannot be seen. People can only use their own experience to infer the quality of the jade inside the stone based on the characteristics of the crust and the "doors" opened locally. This makes it very difficult to identify the quality of jade raw materials in the jade raw material trade. This kind of transaction is quite similar to gambling, so people call the skinned jade raw materials gambling stones, gambling materials or gambling goods, and this business behavior is also called gambling stones. Since it is gambling, no one is sure of winning. Even experienced experts will inevitably make mistakes, which is quite risky. However, the excitement of gambling, the mystery of gambling and the pleasure of gambling drive many people to engage in the stone gambling industry. Therefore, some people can become rich overnight and turn from street gangsters to millionaires in an instant; some people can lose everything in an instant and turn from millionaires to paupers. This kind of thing happens quite often. ¡ ¡ Apart from the shape, weight and appearance of a piece of unopened jadeite, no one can tell what is inside. Only by cutting it open can we get a true conclusion. People who gamble on stones rely on their own experience and the performance on the shell to repeatedly guess and judge. When two or more people come up with different opinions, gambling occurs. Cutting stones is called "judgement" in the industry. Stone" or "cut stone". After cutting, a variety of water-green appears, which is called "up", and vice versa. It is a concrete manifestation of gambling on financial resources, wisdom, courage and personality. As for the category of stone gambling, in my opinion, there are only a few points. First, the fog is a layer of membrane of varying thickness between the outer skin and the bottom seal. The fog should be thin and transparent. It is mainly white fog and yellow fog. If the fog is wrong, you will lose. Second, the main type of gambling is the market opening, because the stones at each market opening are different, and you may lose if you bet on the wrong market opening. Third, the main bet on cracking is whether the stone is cracked. If the stone is cracked, the bet will be lost. Fourth, betting on the bottom means the bottom chapter, the term is called meat head. The main purpose is to bet on the clarity and thickness of the bottom. If the bottom is thick, black, and messy, the bet will be lost. Fifth, bet on the color of the jadeite flesh. If there is no color, you will lose. The main bet is on the true color of green. Green should be emerald, abundant, and alive. As for the methods of gambling, there are only three aspects. The first thing is to rub the stone. Stone rubbing is an ancient rule, which is effective and safe. If the part is not found correctly, it will be cut. If you act blindly, you will lose the green 'solution' and easily lose the bet. The main factors when polishing stones are fog, background and color. Because you have a rub hole, you can shine the light and look inside to judge the depth, width, and lightness of the green, and the order of rub stones: first rub the green, second rub the dry, third rub the ringworm, and fourth rub the pine flower. There is only one purpose for rubbing stones, which is to find the true green color. The second is cutting stones. In the jargon of stone cutting, an increase is not considered an increase, but an increase is considered an increase. Stone cutting is the most critical step in stone gambling. The conclusion of losing or winning can only be determined after cutting the stone open. Some stone betting businessmen, as long as they see a rise in the price of the stone, they will sell it and let others bet on it. Because if you continue to rub or cut with a knife, the risk will be greater. There is only the slightest difference between rising and falling. It can be seen that stone cutting is no small matter. One is the original cutting method, which is to use a bow saw to press the sand and slowly saw the stone. If it is found that cutting cannot be continued, it is easy to take rescue measures. Another method is to use a jade cutting machine with a cutting blade coated with an emery layer. The cutting is accurate and fast. However, it is not easy to see the cutting process when the stone is soaked in oil or water with the jig clamped. Only by cutting it completely can you know the winner or loser. When cutting stone, the first thing to do is to find the right location. Generally, you cut from the scraping point or from the top of the ridge. You can also cut from the pine flower or along the crack. When the color is not visible with the first cut, you can also cut the second cut. Sword, the third sword, as the saying goes: one sword makes you poor, the other makes you rich, this is what it refers to. The third is the grindstone. The purpose of grinding stone is to polish and fully express the transparency, so that people can see its good color or water quality. There are two ways to bet on grindstones, one is secret bet (Mengtou bet), the stone has no trace of scratching or natural fracture at all. The second is half-brightness, that is, if there are knocking holes, scratching holes, or small gaps on the stone, you can already see the color or bottom water of part of the stone, but there are other parts that are still unknown and have a greater probability. Gambling. ¡¡± ¡°Then what is the specific inspection of the crystallization of the leather?"" Sun Rongrong asked curiously. "Generally speaking, the coarse leather material of jadeite gravel has large crystals, soft structure, low hardness and poor transparency, making it a lower grade jadeite; the fine leather material has small crystals, tight structure and delicate texture." , high hardness and good transparency, especially those with black or black-red and shiny skin. This kind of jade material is called "dog shit egg" in the jargon, and it is mostly the middle and top grade of jade. The properties of sand leather material are between the first two, and the quality varies greatly, but there are also good materials in it, so the "gambling quality" is the most powerful. ?To check the crystal size of the leather, in addition to visual inspection with the naked eye, you can also use water to check. The method is to wet the jade gravel in water and take it out to check how quickly the water on the surface dries. If it dries quickly, it means that its crystals are coarse, its structure is loose, or it has many cracks and pores, and its texture is poor. On the contrary, it means that its crystals are fine, its structure is dense, and its texture is good. The other thing is to check the green color. The amount of green and the quality of the color determine the quality and value of jadeite. Therefore, it is necessary to observe the various signs of the green part of the gravel on the surface to infer the internal green condition. The amount of green is related to the shape and distribution characteristics of the green part. The green parts of jadeite are more valuable when they are concentrated in clusters and strips. This green color often appears in the form of balls or lines when exposed on the epidermis, and sometimes in the form of flakes. When green appears in large-area flakes on the epidermis, it is mostly epidermal green, and there is often no green inside; and when green appears in lines or groups on the epidermis, especially when the green lines exposed on the epidermis are symmetrically distributed When the time comes, the green will extend to the inside and even run through the entire gravel. The value of the latter is naturally higher than that of the former. Therefore, there is a saying in the jargon, "I would rather buy a line than a piece." The color quality of green is related to the mineral composition that appears green. Generally speaking, the color quality of jadeite is better than the green color quality presented by diopside, henite and neon stone. Jade has high hardness and strong weather resistance. Therefore, most of the minerals on the outer skin are relatively convex, while other minerals are relatively concave. The value of the former is higher than that of the latter, so there is a saying in jargon: "It is better to buy a drum than a barren". "Drum" means green appears in bulging parts, and "barren" means green appears in concave parts. The next step is to check for cracks. In addition to observing the skin and color, when evaluating jadeite raw materials, you should also pay attention to the development of cracks (commonly known as ring cracks). Of course, the fewer cracks, the better. In the jade raw material market, in order to show the texture and color of jade, jade dealers often cut off a small part of the outer skin and smooth and polish the cut. This kind of cut mouth is called "menzi" in the jargon. In order to make more money, jade merchants try their best to open the door in a place that can best display the texture and color of the stone. Therefore, when evaluating the door, you must carefully check the door and the surrounding situation, conduct a comprehensive comparison and analysis, and remember Don't overestimate the green color displayed on the door. ??Among these, you must be careful to guard against counterfeiting. Due to the obvious unevenness of jadeite, there are great changes and differences in color and texture. Its authenticity and quality are difficult for ordinary people to grasp, and the value of jadeite is very different between good and bad. In addition, the trade of raw materials is relatively strong. In order to make huge profits, some unscrupulous businessmen often resort to any means to make fake jade raw materials. For example, if the texture and green color shown after cutting the door are not ideal, they will stick a piece of good jade inside the door to deceive buyers, and so on. " "Then Wufeng, how can we distinguish between real and fake gambling stones? "Suru couldn't help but ask. Zhang Wufeng picked up a piece of beef and brought it to Suru's mouth. Then he picked up the beer and took a sip. Then he smiled and said: "Many old pit species often have a layer of skin on the surface. Due to oxidation, The skin has turned into brownish red, brown black or other various colors. Generally, the true face of "Lushan" cannot be seen at a glance just from the appearance. Even with the advancement of science, today, there is no instrument that can pass through this shell very quickly. Quickly determine whether it's a 'baoyu' or a 'bad catkin'. Buyers of jade must judge the value of the jade from the rough stone wrapped in a leather shell (sometimes a 'window' is also opened in the skin, which means that small pieces of the leather shell are wiped off to reveal the jade quality). This kind of buying and selling process is the process of buyers and sellers comparing their opinions on a piece of skinned jade. After Burmese jade merchants bet on the stone, when it comes to actual cutting and processing, they generally don¡¯t dare to be present in person. Instead, they burn incense nearby and pray for God¡¯s blessing. If there is a lot of clear emerald green inside the cut gambling stone, you can become a millionaire overnight, which is called "gamble increase"; if the gambling stone is cut into a piece of gray sand and is green on the outside and white on the inside. , you will lose everything overnight, which is called "gamble ruin" in the jargon. Since the Qing Dynasty, jadeite has become a high-end jade species favored by Chinese people. Since the Qing Dynasty, various fake jadeite products, such as burnt, dyed, baked, etc., have begun to appear on the market. Therefore, the phrase "There is no expert in jade" not only illustrates the complexity and variety of jade varieties, but also reveals the cleverness and variety of various counterfeiting techniques. In particular, the development of modern science has made some fakes to the point where they can be mistaken for real ones, even if they are fake. Experts sometimes have downturns?eyes? time. When it comes to counterfeiting, the first is rough stone counterfeiting. Because the raw materials are often traded in gambling, which is exciting and risky, and the raw stones have leather shells, the methods of counterfeiting are often hidden and difficult to identify. To sum up, they are as follows: The first is to make leather! Jade stones are often made from leather. Depending on the texture, some criminals have taken advantage of this feature to grind some jadeite materials into sand powder, mix them in special 'glue', and glue them together until some jadeites have a rough texture, or even have been cut to prove to be low-grade stones. The jade is removed and re-disguised as natural materials such as black sand and yellow salt sand to make huge profits. The second is dyeing and color injection. There are many methods of dyeing and color injection. One is to chemically treat the entire piece of raw material and dye it with green dye to turn the skin green to improve the quality of the jade. Some stones are partially faded after being dyed, resulting in uneven colors or a not particularly good appearance, but in fact this has improved the grade a lot. The second is to punch holes diagonally into some jade stones with good water head but poor color, inject green dye, then seal them, and open a 'door' (window) on them, so that buyers can see from the window that the inside of the jade is very green. The potential value is high, thus increasing the selling price. The third is to graft others on. The first method is to cut some high-grade jadeite materials into pieces, take out the essence, then fill them with inferior scraps, then glue them together again, and implant fake skin on them. The second technique is to cut some inferior materials from the middle or any position, put in or sandwich small pieces of green jade or green glass, and then glue them together again. The fake skin is grafted on and a window is opened near it to create the illusion that the material has a high color. The fourth is to pass off the false as the true. Use other low-grade jade such as Malay jade, Dushan jade, Qinghai jade and even marble for surface treatment, and then use it as special jade material. The above-mentioned fraud methods are just a few examples, and there will be many changes in practice. The most important and effective way to avoid being fooled is to be careful and not act like an expert. Of course, you still need to master some skills. First of all, for any raw material with skin, you need to carefully examine the skin of the entire jade. If it is a natural stone skin, the color, crystallization, and structure will be different everywhere, even if it is a small difference, such as cracks, flaws, etc., it will definitely be different. If the skin is extremely uniform, be careful. You might as well tap the skin of the jade gently (subject to permission from the seller). If it is genuine leather, it will generally fall off in the form of powder; if it is fake leather, it may fall off in flakes. When buying jade, you can¡¯t just look at the window. The window is usually the best part of the jade. In addition to the window part, you must also check the condition of the nearby skin and whether there is any adhesion. Secondly, carefully observe the color of the whole piece of jade. Natural gemstones rarely have the same green color throughout. For the green in the window, you can carefully observe it with light and a Chelsea filter. If green turns red under the Chelsea filter, it is an incoming color material. It would be best if the seller could also be asked to show the cut off window cover for comparison. However, it should be noted that as dyeing methods become more and more sophisticated, materials that do not change red under a color filter do not necessarily mean they are natural. If the green on the surface of the jade is distributed like threads or claws, it is mostly a colored stone. Again, look closely at the texture of the jade. If the jade quality is extremely fine, with no stone flowers or crystal flash (fly-wing shape), you should be careful about fakes such as Malay jade. Speaking of fraud, let's talk about the choice of Zhenyu. If it is real jadeite, how to judge its value? Since the conditions for the formation of jadeite are complex and diverse, with different pits, jade shells, and jade quality changes, there is no magic weapon to identify them, and we can only rely on experience and luck. My personal experience: First, if a large piece of jade has a small window, it usually contains many cracks, so you need to be careful. Second, if there are many cracks and defects, you should observe to see if they are connected. If they are connected, there must be cracks in them. A large piece of small material can only be counted as two or several small pieces at most. The third thing is to pay attention to some traditional jargon, which naturally makes sense. 'Better buy a line than a piece', which means that a line of green (visible on both sides of the stone) often has more potential than patchy and irregularly distributed green. The reason is that if this line of green passes through both sides, it indicates the interior. There must be green, but irregular patches of green do not necessarily indicate that there is green inside. It is possible that the green is only distributed near the surface and may disappear inside the stone. Fourth, the material with coarse leather is called "pine bark" and is generally rough inside. However, the material at the entrance of some pits sometimes has high green color. This is the so-called "high green color in the shit field". ??The tight-skinned material has a finer structure, and generally has better water head and ground tension. It is worth noting that experience often speaks of general conditions. It is not easy to achieve "always on target". Practice and careful observation are extremely important. In particular, jade from certain factories often has its own characteristics. Trying to master these characteristics is crucial to whether you can buy good jade. Also, in terms of skillsIn terms of appearance, in my opinion, the leather shell is very important. Jade shells almost all have colors, such as purple, black, white, dark green, etc., which are closely related to the interior, while red, brown, brown, etc. have no direct relationship with the interior. Because the shape and color of the jade are often similar Some substances in nature are called sand shells with the same name. For example, if there are patches of rust color on the sand shell, people call it water turned sand. The rough skin shell is called rough skin stone, and the fine skin is called sand. The shell is called fine skin stone, the sand grains like salt are called salt sand skin, and the green skin shell like a frog is called frog skin. As for the more common ones, I will talk about them appropriately. ? Elephant skin, shaped like old elephant skin, is light gray, has wrinkled skin, and feels prickly when touched, which is a typical sign of weathering. The stone type of this kind of leather is better, it is native sand shell. After cutting, it often has a translucent glass bottom, which is the best among leather shells. Old bark, shaped like bark, yellow-brown, with brown wrinkles, rough to the eye, and prickly to the touch. After cutting, it is often seen on the white water bottom, mostly with positive color, and has strong gambling properties. This kind of bark is mostly produced in large areas. Makanchang District. Because there is a tree in Myanmar called Denaika by local people, and the bark of the tree is very similar to this kind of bark, so people also call it Denaikapi. ?? White sand skin, the sand on the skin is like salt, the stone is old, and there is white mist under the skin. It is mainly produced at the entrance of Manachang in Laochang District and individual farm entrances in Xinchang District. In addition, the white salt sand has no fog under the skin, the thickness of the sand grains is indistinguishable, and the feel is weak. It is common to remove the white sand and find yellow sand, which is an example of the symbiosis of secondary sand shells and primary sand shells. If there is green under the primary sand shell , mostly yang but not yin, rich green color. Yellow sand, the sand is like salt, dark yellow, old stone. It is mainly produced at Laochangkou. It is also produced at other changkou. The most important difference is that the sand must be turned well. , has a strong three-dimensional sense. After cutting, you can often see white water bottom, green and sunny color, it is a high-quality product. If the sand grains on the skin are chaotic and uneven, and there is no regular arrangement, such yellow sand skin has no fog layer. Most of them are waxy bottom or bean bottom. White gray skin, sand grains are wrapped by a layer of lime powder. Brush off this layer of white powder to get white sand. This is a manifestation of surface weathering. It is mostly produced in old fields. After cutting, you can see the glass bottom. Most of them are. The peeling sand skin is a double-layered sand shell, which is a typical species of symbiosis between primary sand shell and secondary sand shell. After one layer is peeled off, there is another layer, and the color is mostly one layer of white and the second layer of yellow or red. Old Stone type, the main site is in Dongguo. After the yellow sand is cut, it is mostly white water bottom, with a bean color. After the red sand is cut, it is mostly a hammered bottom, with a positive color, but darker. Black Wu Shapi: gray-black color, There are three types of sand grains: coarse, medium and fine. The thick ones are mostly coarse bean bottoms, and the thin ones are mostly fine bean bottoms. Only the medium sand grains have a waxy bottom. After cutting, some have a normal color, some have a partial color, and some have white cats. The taste is strong, and some have too much blue flavor. If it is the Ushabi from Pagan or Houjiangchang area, it has mostly fine bean base, green and yellow flavor; the waxy base from Mohan and Nanqichangkou mostly has a bluish green color. The black sand from the four gates has wax shells, and the black sand from other gates is rare. Rust skin: The rust skin is black and yellow. It can appear on the sand shells of different colors, and the strips are wide and narrow. It varies, some are flakes, and some are lumpy. If the rust shell has moderate sand grains and is turned vigorously and regularly, the bottom and color will be good after cutting. You are not afraid of gray bottom, just colorless. Once it is colored, the color will be green again. Also water. Tiezhapi: Iron refers to sand tight, more common is white, and after cutting is bean bottom or glutinous bottom. This is a rare old right. , the colors are black, yellow, and gray, but the sand is generally not very good, because the site where this kind of water sand is produced is relatively messy, and the bottom water is average. The main distinguishing point is whether there is rust on the skin. The representative one is hemp. The Pingpi water in Muwan and Huika turns to sand. Red sand: the color is like red bayberry, also known as bayberry sand. There are many places that produce this kind of sand shell, including Shuishangqiao, Xianggong, Damakan, Qiongmei. Dipper, mana, mogo, etc., medium stone types, often with ox blood mist, usually bean bottom. If brown betel nut rust appears on the shell, the color is very bad. Bacon skin: The skin shape is like bacon, Therefore, it is called bacon skin. The skin can be thick or thin, and the seed bottom can be thick or thin. It is generally opaque. It is a medium-sized jadeite and is produced in many places. Those with green color are rare. Frog skin: Blue-gray color, fine and thin skin. A few frog skins have wax shells, which are easy to fall off when applied to sand-free places, and there are relatively few green-colored ones. It is mostly produced in the Houjiang farm area. Pineapple skin: pear yellow color, thin skin, the inside can be seen after lighting The color of the potato skin, after cutting, is green and yellow, full of flavor, bright and lively. It is the most representative block of Damakan. Potato skin: The skin is earthy yellow and thin, mostly half-mountain and half-water stone. After cutting, it is translucent and has a waxy bottom. , produced in Damakan and Mobangwa Changkou. Bamboo shoot skin: The color is creamy yellow and thin, with high permeability. It is a half-mountain and half-water stone. After cutting, it is green and moist. It is very distinctive on the white water bottom. Frog skin: The skin is light green, with no fog layer. After cutting, water shortness is often seen. ¡¡± ¡°Then are there any blocks that are worth betting on?¡±"" Sun Feifei's beautiful eyes glowed with excitement, looking at Zhang Wufeng and asked. "The prerequisite for gambling is that the venue is good, the sofa is good, and the performance is good, otherwise it will be useless." It's better to buy and sell now. Here I will introduce to you some that are worth betting on. First, of course, I recommend Lao Pagan¡¯s black sand stone: Pagan¡¯s black sand is its representative stone type. The sofa is strong, the skin is as black as lacquer, the white chin is prominent, there are pine flowers on the chin, and there are tinea on the skin. There is fog under the skin and the withered color is distinct. This is a true representation of the high color content contained within. If these conditions are met, there is hope for gambling. Second, the bottom stone at the entrance of Houjiangchang: The bottom stone in the Houjiangchang area has a thin skin, a complete wax shell, and a sufficient water head at the bottom. In particular, the garlic shell is made of iron, which is white and red. As long as the cracks are small, the price will rise. If there is purple in the painting, don¡¯t bet on it, because the purple will saturate the green, making it lose the rich and lively emerald green. Third, the thin-skinned water stone from Mamu Bay: the skin is as thin as paper, the skin is sallow, the skin is thin, and the flesh is fine. You can see the bottom clearly without looking at it with strong light. Although there are tiny cracks, as long as you spot the green color from the bottom and distinguish the old species, the color is stable and bright, and you will win the bet. There is also Damakan¡¯s half-mountain-half-water stone: this kind of stone has a yellow shell, yellow mist and thin skin, and is highly gambleable. If you have thick skin and black fog, you should not bet on it. The bottom of the bet will be gray and the water will be short, the green will tend to be bluish, and there will be no rebound. Although the color of the water and stone parts can be seen, they do not enter the inside. The pine and flower parts of the meal part enter the inside, and the colors are generally not connected. ?¡ Speaking of which, we have to talk about the field area and entrance of Myanmar jade. Myanmar jadeite is produced in the northeastern part of the country, adjacent to Yunnan Province in China. The mining area runs through the Wulu River Basin and is sandwiched between Gaoligong Mountain and Bagai Beng Mountain. It is 70 kilometers long from north to south and 20 kilometers wide from east to west, covering an area of ??1,400 square kilometers. The mineral processing center is in Longken. It is 136 kilometers away from Myitkyina, 360 kilometers away from Tengchong in China, and 1,200 kilometers away from Chiang Mai in Thailand. There are three major areas in the mining camp, namely the old field area, the Houjiang field area and the small field area. The climate in the mining area is hot, with an average annual rainfall of about 4,000 mm. Spring and summer are the times with the most rainfall, making it inconvenient to work. Therefore, mining and on-site transactions are carried out in autumn and winter. After the Mid-Autumn Festival, people from all walks of life flock to the camp. Among them are jade diggers, jade dealers, treasure hunters and various businessmen. At one time, there were more than 200,000 people, and the scene was chaotic. Since the 1960s, this situation has become more and more serious. The mining of jadeite in Myanmar has at least two kinds of history. There have been ups and downs, but now it is still in the ascendant. With the massive output of Jade, the field area is expanding and the field opening is increasing. Now the scope of the mining area has been expanded to include Heping in the east and redwood forest in the west, with a length of about 240 kilometers; Wenduo in the south and Laban in the north, with a width of about 170 kilometers. There are more than 100 potholes in the three major areas, shaped like stars, and no fewer than 70 are well-known. The old field area, this field area includes the Pagan field area, Damakan field area, and the new field area, which are connected together due to Didan. It is located in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Ulu River. It was discovered and mined at the earliest time and has the largest scope. It has the largest population and is the main source of jade in Myanmar. Pagan field area, this field is an alluvial or residual-slope deposit, located in the middle reaches of the Ulu River, and mining began in the first century AD. The deepest hole currently excavated has reached the fifth level and is about 30 meters deep. The blocks from the first layer are almost all yellow sand-skin shells, the second layer is mostly red sand-skin shells with wax skin, the third layer is black sand-skin shells, and the fourth layer is gray-black leather shells. The fifth layer is a white-yellow skin shell, mostly with wax skin. There are obvious differences between the blocks between the gates. The distinction is not easy. Only by understanding the gates and remembering their respective characteristics can you become perfect and make accurate judgments. The main venues in this area are: Lao Pagan, Ma Muwan, Huika, Shuoshangqiao, Dagudi, Chitongka, Grammok, Mengmao, Dongguo, Mana, Jiebengqiong, Molaogeng, Xiandong, Xianggong, Qionglao, Nanying, Yuma, Geyinqiong, Dongmo, Gramowa, Pabing, Zibo, Shengdian, Miaobi, Modi, Pabian, Sanjue, Hengding, Qiao Wu, Laozhai shed, Choba, Sanchahe, Mo Daang. Damakan field area, this field area is located in the lower reaches of the Wulu River and west of the old field area. It is an alluvial deposit and was mined about 200 years later than the Pagan field area. Represented by the Damakan site, there are nearly 20 famous site entrances. The excavation depth has reached the fifth level, and most of them have Guanshan and half-water rocks. Famous venues include: Damakan, Huangba, Mogdie, Quebing, Molong Base, Dashanka, Nansili, Nansebing, Xidabie, Yoyinggong, Nayadong, Meilinqiang , bitter hemp, bold show. Xinchang District is located in the upper reaches of the Wulu River and east of the Laochang District. It was mined earlier. This is a supergene mine, and jadeite blocks can be obtained without digging deeply, but most of them have no skin shells and are primary deposits. People habitually call the blocks here Xinchang stones, hence the name Xinchang area. There are many pits in the new site area, but they have been used for the shortest time and are easily abandoned. The relatively stable market openings include: Damobian, Xiaomobian, Gedimo, Pozhigong, Mosisa, Banong, Massa, Sankamo, Karamo, Sanketang, and Mobanwa. Houjiangchang District, Houjiang District? It is a tributary on the north side of the Ulu River, named Kangdi River. The jade mining areas are distributed along the river, so they are called Houjiangchang area. This is also an alluvial deposit, which was mined relatively late, in the early 16th century. This includes two areas, Houjiang and Namo. Although the two places are not far apart, the jadeite blocks they produce are vastly different. The blocks produced in Houjiang area are generally about 300 grams, with many varieties, excellent texture, thin upper shell, and high-quality humor. The current excavation depth has exceeded the sixth floor, which is about 30 meters deep. There are partitions on the third and fourth floors. The situation on the first two floors is similar to that of the old field area. The block skins on the sixth floor are almost all yellow wax. Shell, the layers after the sixth layer are relatively thick, and the current ore yield is low. The main venues are: Molong, Bisidu, Gemulin, Padoman, Hong Kong Mo, Mo Dongguo, Mo Di, Jiaying, Bugetuo and Geqing Mo. Namo field area, Namo is Burmese, meaning thunder. This field is also called the thunder field, and the blocks produced are called thunder stones. This site is located in the upper reaches of the Kangdi River. Most of the minerals are supergene ores, with inferior blocks and many cracks. The dry hardness of the bottom water is poor and the texture is loose. Most of them cannot be cut and made. Although there are green stones, most of them are variant stones and their value is very low. The reason for the variation of thunderstone needs to be further explored from the origin to see if there can be changes in the lower layer, in the hope that authentic jadeite can be found. In recent years, people have gradually gained a new perspective on this area. In early 1992, a high-quality block as huge as a house was discovered in this area, which was like a miracle and caused a sensation. Currently, the only representative gangs are: Namo, Qinlan Gang, and Menglan Gang. Small field area, this field area is located in the south of the Wulu River, covering an area of ??about 45 square kilometers, three times larger than the Houjiang field area. Because there are not many field entrances, people call it a small field area. This is a primary mineral deposit and has produced many high-quality jadeite. It is an indispensable part of the entire Myanmar jadeite mining area. The deepest gates in this area have been controlled to the fourth floor, and are mostly black blocks with wax shells. The most famous gates are: Nanqi, Nanmo, Moliu, Ximo, Mohan, and Nanxiweng. , Wu Qi Gong, Na Hei, Tong Dong, Mo Liu Mo, Mo Ge Di. ¡°¡¡± ¡°Are you studying geography? Are you studying archeology? Is this all so clear? Sun Weiwei asked in shock. At this time, everyone including Sun Rongrong had to admire Zhang Wufeng's extensive knowledge and strong memory. "He is an expert from Zhang Da!" Sun Rongrong said with a smile. Zhang Wufeng smiled when he heard this and didn't explain much, because he himself has a strong memory. The world of dreams within dreams has captured the memories of many experts, and he has also studied the entire archeology. , so for these, it is really a piece of cake, but it is interesting to talk about it, but it is not to show off knowledge. He thought for a moment, and then said in a magnetic voice: "A long time ago, the Burmese people could not make large pieces. Jadeite is excavated from the soil. The blocks are often burned with firewood, poured with cold water to explode, and then green fragments are picked up. Because cutting is time-consuming and labor-intensive, this method is also commonly used to crush large pieces dug out of the ground. Myanmar is an agricultural country with few advanced excavation machinery. Today's mining, except for the use of hydraulic drills in a few holes, still follows the ancient manual excavation. They do not conduct surveys, but rely solely on experience and luck. They are not sure whether they can dig out better varieties. They believe that jade has spiritual energy, and as long as they have good luck, they can dig up good jade. Despite the hardships, people remain the same year after year. The mining time in Myanmar mining areas is from September of the lunar calendar every year to April of the following year. The rest are in the rainy season, where water accumulates in potholes and the climate is hot, making life and excavation very difficult. Every dry season, small groups of jade workers spontaneously go up the mountain to look for their bosses. They select the entrance to the site, use picks and crowbars to dig deep into the ground like digging wells. If they find stones, small ones are brought to the ground for identification. For large items, wash away the soil with water, carefully determine whether it is jade, and then lift it to the ground with all your strength. If it is not good or not jade, avoid the stone and continue digging deeper. People call this method "digging holes". Another method is called "opening a pond". The jade digger does not dig in depth, but digs horizontally and shallowly to create a hole the size of a fish pond. Look for rocks as you dig. This method is commonly used in new areas. The third method is the "seedling flushing method". The jade diggers thought that the soil layer on the ground was thin, so they used water pumps to divert water to wash out the stones. If they found exposed stones, they dug them out immediately. This method is often used in Namochang area. The fourth method is the "salvage method". The jade digger holds the ventilation hose in his mouth, wears goggles and waterproof goggles, dives into rivers and ponds to identify the gravel and jade, and then fishes them out of the ground, distinguishes the good from the bad, and decides to discard them. This method is still used today in areas along the Irrawaddy River.