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Text Chapter 018: New Deal, Prelude to War

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    The depression caused by the stock market crash in the Republic of China lasted until 1931. In 1930, the Li Yuanhong government still did nothing.  In the eyes of the public, Li Yuanhong has become a person who tells lies with his eyes open, but one after another, Li Yuanhong received more than 10 million yuan in "performance fees" from the consortium.  In 1931, the Republic of China bankrupted another 260,000 companies, bringing the total number of bankrupt companies to 490,000. A large number of private bosses who were driving luxury cars yesterday were already sleeping on the streets this year.  A large number of factories are idle, and some machines are rusty.  However, these industrial equipment are not allowed to be exported.  The export of industrial equipment from the Republic of China requires reporting.  Especially equipment with advanced technology is absolutely prohibited from export.  In order to prevent those private investors from going crazy and selling equipment, the customs of the Republic of China strengthened inspections and found many cases of smuggling.  But at this time, there were not many countries in the world that could buy industrial equipment from the Republic of China on a large scale. The U.S. economy also fell into the Great Depression in 1930, and then Europe also fell into the Great Depression.  Every major industrial country in the world has fallen into the Great Depression.  Just like the Great Depression caused by rubber stocks in 1910, the nature of this depression cycle is the same. This depression cycle has been waiting for twenty years.  In the past twenty years, the economy of the Republic of China has been roughly divided into three stages of development. The first stage was a difficult start period, the second stage was a period of local rapid development, and the third stage was a period of comprehensive rapid development.  After three stages, the urbanization level of the Republic of China ranks first in the world.  The industrial scale ranks first in the world, the economic aggregate ranks first in the world, and the personal output value ranks first in the world.  The population is also the largest in the world.  At this time, the economy was in recession, and suddenly I was no longer as busy as before.  ??For ordinary people, such days actually feel like a good life, because they don¡¯t have to work anymore and they are free.  The film industry was extremely developed for a time, and ordinary people who had nothing to do liked to go to movie theaters.  The film industry has ushered in its most prosperous period since the founding of the Republic of China.  During this period, the consortium invested in many movies with mansions, luxury cars, and luxurious lifestyle elements.  It hints to the common people that a better life will definitely exist.  The film industry has become the most prosperous industry during the economic depression, and the consortium has already predicted this.  Cinemas across the country are basically controlled by consortiums.  By 1931, the unemployment rate in the Republic of China had risen to a record high of 71%. A large number of laborers lost their jobs, and the economy was in a mess.  The consortium was founded in 1931.  Extremely fast speed.  Most of the asset liquidations were completed, and the extremely huge assets were seized by the consortium at a low price due to the weak market.  Railways, highways, airports, power stations, factories, farms, land, houses, cars, expensive luxury goods, the number of assets controlled by banks is absolutely jaw-dropping.  During this asset liquidation, ordinary people's housing loans and car loans did not exceed 3,000 yuan, and their houses and cars were not confiscated. Those who exceeded 3,000 yuan could not afford to repay.  Liquidations will always be carried out according to market conditions.  If the amount is less than 3,000 yuan, the money will still have to be paid back in the future.  Such a system.  It also protects ordinary people from being over-harvested.  In the course of two years, the banks were liquidated and controlled more than 90% of the valuable real estate in the Republic of China. It can be said that the gap between the rich and the poor has been narrowed by the harvest of the consortium.  A large number of private-owned bosses were knocked back to their original shape overnight, and the gap between the rich and the poor naturally narrowed.  In the world, in the past two years, various countries have increased import tariffs on goods, and at the same time, they have also vigorously dumped goods to other countries.  In the commodity dumping war, those weak countries are obviously the most unlucky because they cannot raise tariffs, but they also benefit to a certain extent because they have no industry of their own and can buy lower-priced goods, which is naturally for them.  Save money.  This method adopted by the world's powerful countries has dragged the whole world into the mire of economic depression.  In the member countries of the Third World Alliance, the Chinese National Capital Group also plunders various valuable assets, but this method is not as gentle as within the Republic of China.  If you can't afford the loan, then sell the house and pay back as much as you can afford.  Not only is the house gone, but all the money paid for the mortgage is gone as well, as is the car.  During the two-year harvesting process, China National Capital Group acquired almost most of the valuable real estate in those satellite countries.  There is also a group of private investors who fish in troubled waters in this harvest. Some fish did not succeed, but were trapped in it.  Some succeeded, and a lot of valuable real estate was purchased by them.  But compared to the consortium, theirs is a drop in the bucket and not worth mentioning.  Most of the citizens died on the beach.  Among those with private capital, who can survive this economic depression?Many of the companies that have come here have great potential for development in the future.  Because they are sure that the situation is stable and steady, they are destined to last longer than the kind of private bosses who invest haphazardly.  This year of 1931, which disappointed the people, passed in the blink of an eye, and the consortium basically completed asset harvesting.  In 1932, there was another presidential election.  This year¡¯s presidential election is between Li Yuanhong and Zhao Haizhou.  Just at the beginning of the election, Zhao Haizhou's votes were far ahead. Zhao Haizhou has been the second-oldest person for thousands of years, and finally became the president, and he is the most important president.  Li Yuanhong was criticized by the public for his inaction during his four-year term. Therefore, very few people supported Li Yuanhong as president. During the campaign, Zhao Haizhou put forward slogans such as revitalizing the economy and strengthening state intervention in the market, which won the support of most people.  On June 1, 1932, Zhao Haizhou officially took office as the sixth president of the Republic of China. As soon as Zhao Haizhou came to power, he immediately launched state intervention in the market economy.  "This painful lesson tells us that if the government does not regulate economic development, it will have extremely serious consequences. First of all, we should avoid vicious competition. If merchants agree, they can hang a Tenglong logo outside the door." Zhao Haizhou announced the reform  plan.  Then the "Industrial Promotion Law" was introduced to regulate all aspects of industrial production.  Further provisions were made.  Congress immediately passed the first loan of 30 billion Yanhuang coins, allowing surviving companies to resume production.  In less than a week, all provinces and regions in the Republic of China.  All businesses hung out a Tenglong logo, which was known as the Tenglong movement in history.  This movement freed all areas of the Republic of China from the previous vicious competition.  At the same time, the government introduced a new relief program called relief-for-work.  The state no longer directly pays unemployment insurance benefits. Citizens who need relief can register in the labor market, and the government will arrange for them to work.  The central government immediately launched various construction projects.  Carry out further agricultural reforms in agriculture.  to further improve agricultural productivity.  At the same time, we will carry out in-depth construction of forest areas and build a large number of forest roads to facilitate the development of forestry resources.  The city is under construction.  Further improve urban drainage and flood control facilities to enhance urban disaster prevention capabilities.  At the same time, we will finish the work on unfinished roads and unfinished buildings across the country, and further carry out urban and rural greening transformation.  At the same time, hydropower stations are being vigorously built in areas rich in water resources such as Fujian, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Beihai Administrative Region, and Central Asia Administrative Region.  to reduce coal consumption. ? Carry out maintenance on mines and mines across the country.  to ensure normal mining.  We will rectify domestic waste disposal across the country and adopt centralized landfill, incineration and other methods for disposal.  Further construction of educational facilities, medical facilities, and elderly care facilities will be carried out.  Increase the number, area and construction of national parks and species reserves.  ??Carry out further rectification of deserts and loess plateaus, and increase the number of seawater desalination plant construction projects.  Carry out further construction of strategic roads.  A large number of projects were proposed, and a large number of unemployed people quickly found jobs.  Led by the momentum of national engineering construction, the economy of the Republic of China began to recover, just like a stopped engine starting to spin again.  If the previous boom period was about crazy construction, then this period is about in-depth optimization of the built infrastructure and industrial and agricultural assets. ? Among them, the scale of construction in agriculture is the largest.  Transformations in irrigation, transportation, mechanization and other aspects have been carried out in depth, especially in areas rich in water resources.  Use sprinkler irrigation technology.  In areas where water resources are not abundant, drip irrigation technology has just emerged.  Roads have also been built to the fields to facilitate the movement of agricultural machinery and cars.  Such optimized construction will continue to increase productivity.  As for whether it can increase war potential, this is not a problem. There are so many unemployed people who are idle. It is not a waste to let them build the environment.  And projects that can enhance war potential are also under construction.  First, the increase in research projects, and then the manufacturing of precision machine tools, which have not stopped during the two-year depression, have prevented the outflow of precision manufacturing talents in the Republic of China.  At the same time, we will continue to build expressways, that is, connecting the expressways from the Jianghuai area to Shaanxi.  The highway in the Central Asian Administrative Region is being built towards Europe and also towards the Middle East Province, which will pass through Iran.  The Republic of China has begun to prepare for war.  In terms of the construction of the land, sea and air forces, the Navy immediately launched the first phase of the aircraft carrier construction plan, building 12 50,000-ton aircraft carriers at one time, and modifying and upgrading the power of battleships and frigates.  Military productionOn the other hand, it began to produce light and heavy general-purpose machine guns, rocket launchers, surface-to-surface ballistic missiles and other equipment, while the Air Force began to produce heavy strategic bombers, transport aircraft, as well as new tactical bombers, fighter jets, transport aircraft and other military equipment.  As for ordinary munitions, production has not started. Wartime reproduction is obviously too late, and the main labor force is still used in industrial optimization.  The industrial optimization of the Republic of China progressed very quickly, because the Republic of China had a large number of engineering vehicles and a very developed road system at this time, and those labor forces were quickly invested in the construction of various national projects.  At this time, under the banner of state intervention, the central government of the Republic of China also nationalized the railways on the grounds that the railway operations were chaotic.  At this time, the Republic of China had gone through more than ten years of crazy construction. During the economic boom, there were nearly 400 railway companies. After the economic depression, there were more than 100 railway companies left.  These private railway companies are obviously struggling.  Everyone is happy to see the economic situation pick up, which means they will make money next.  But luckily, the central government suddenly decided to nationalize the railways.  The state takes back these railways.  All based on the current market price of railway stocks, is this robbery?  These railways were previously built based on labor costs during the economic boom, but now the state is forcing them to buy them at cabbage prices.  But here's the thing.  The current railway is worth this little money.  Each investor can take back as much money as he or she has.  Railway nationalization is obviously unstoppable. After the central government announced the plan, it was implemented at an extremely fast speed.  In fact, this is no different from the compulsory acquisition of railways from private hands by a consortium.  After the state takes control of the railways, it will give preferential freight rates to the consortium's goods, but the losses incurred by the railway system will be borne by the government. This is equivalent to nationalizing the railways, which is more beneficial than if the railways are controlled by consortiums.  And the government, in turn, passes taxes.  Shift this burden to the people.  At the same time, the central government of the Republic of China announced to lower wages and increase taxes, thereby using more labor force in the subsequent national project construction and military project construction.  With various measures, the economy of the Republic of China recovered rapidly.  However, due to the central bank's monetary tightening policy, coupled with falling wages and an increase in national taxes, the currency circulating in the market has decreased.  So the gross national product plummeted.  It is no longer the output value of 1.3 trillion Yanhuang coins in 1929.  In 1932, after the economy of the Republic of China began to recover, the GDP dropped to 500 billion yuan. By 1933, it rose to 700 billion yuan, and then continued to maintain this level. On the surface, the economic level was  Down by half.  But actually, in 1933.  The unemployment rate in the Republic of China has dropped significantly, from a peak of 72%.  reduced to less than 3%.  For the unemployed people, the government of the Republic of China carries out special work allocation. There are so many national projects and there are many jobs for them. The only question is whether they are willing to do it or not.  Because the Republic of China has begun to enter a period of large-scale construction again, and this construction is different from the people's livelihood construction during the previous economic boom. Instead, it focuses on war potential, environmental protection, and asset optimization. The increase in war potential is greater than during the economic boom.  Even faster.  ??But the United States was dumbfounded. They watched with dumbfounded eyes. It only took China two years for the consortium to complete the asset harvest, but it took them four years.  The U.S. economy has been in recession since 1930. Because loans are for four years, the harvest cycle takes four years.  In contrast, this harvest by the American consortium was very thorough.  Because of this economic depression in the United States, unlike the Republic of China, there is unemployment assistance, which can guarantee the minimum living standards of the people.  The American consortium does not give the ordinary people a dime in aid, but makes the American people become poor quickly, and then makes the ordinary people have to sell out all the valuable things they have.  ¡°Jewelry, houses, and cars are all sold at low prices by the American people in order to eat.  This harvesting method in the United States is very thorough, but the consequence of the Republic of China's harvesting being only two years is that the degree of harvesting is not so thorough and the wealth is not so concentrated.  During the two-year depression, although Chinese consortiums harvested a lot of assets, ordinary people were not exploited without a bottom line like in the United States.  Among the privately owned enterprises, many have survived.  Although there is a lot of private capital bleeding, Chinese businessmen are not like European and American businessmen who all swarm in when they see stocks making money.  Many Chinese businessmen are still engaged in business peacefully.  In the past ten years or so, there have been many opportunities for the industry in the Republic of China, so many businessmen still have a surplus and have survived the two years of the Great Depression.  The situation in the United States is different. Once the Great Depression hit the United States,Most of the private capital is basically bankrupt.  But ordinary people have no relief.  Many Americans are so hungry that they have no food to eat, and all valuable things in their homes are constantly being sold at low prices, just to get food and other supplies that can help them maintain their basic lives.  The strength of the American consortium in amassing money has made the Chinese people feel much more comfortable.  The public opinion media of the Republic of China often report on this social phenomenon in the United States, as if to say: Look!  America is hell.  The situation in our Republic of China is already very good.  In the United States, there are demonstrations every three days, but in the Republic of China, mass demonstrations did not happen many times at all, and the number of participants in each demonstration did not exceed 1,000.  Compared to the tens of thousands of people marching in the United States, it is nothing.  After Zhao Haizhou came to power, the situation in the Republic of China became more stable.  The economy recovered quickly.  Although people's livelihood is not as good as before because there is not so much labor invested in civilian goods, considering the strong productivity of the Republic of China.  People's livelihood is still very good, and it is still a top standard in the world.  After Europe and the United States fell into the Great Depression, people's living standards dropped significantly, and only the Republic of China recovered quickly.  The recovered Republic of China began to optimize its assets at a faster construction speed.  If it was a crazy and somewhat haphazard construction before, now it is a careful and careful construction.  Continuously optimize and re-optimize the industry.  Productivity in every field.  They are all looking for ways to improve.  Many talents who were expelled due to the economic recession have also returned.  And because the economy of the Republic of China was the first to recover, many European and American industrial talents began to flock to the Republic of China.  ¡°Maybe there are a lot of spies among them.  But the talent is real.  Although European and American countries have tightened restrictions on those scientists at this time and prevent them from leaving the country at will, these are only some more important scientists, while there are no restrictions on second- and third-rate scientists.  But these second- and third-rate scientists.  As well as some scholars, they are all very valuable talents.  The Republic of China has been engaged in education for more than 20 years and has produced a large number of outstanding talents. At this time, the Republic of China has formed a huge advantage over Europe and the United States in terms of talents.  During this economic recovery process, the Republic of China has shown extremely strong national cohesion. When Zhao Haizhou proposed to speed up the construction of the national foundation, tens of millions of people joined in this major construction.  In 1932, the central government of the Republic of China had not yet begun allocating funds for construction.  Because the consortium still needs to clean up.  By 1933, the amount of state funding had quintupled.  The number of projects constructed directly by the government has increased significantly.  At the same time, it also promoted the economic recovery of the member states of the Third World Alliance.  At this time, the European and American Federation was finally shocked to discover that the actual number of battleships built by the Republic of China was not as many as the intelligence showed.  When the truth was discovered, the League of Nations¡¯ first feeling was: Great, the Chinese can no longer pose a threat to them at sea.  However, the following information made a group of giants in the League of Nations jump up and down anxiously.  China disclosed an aircraft carrier battle group for the first time. An aircraft carrier named Fuxi appeared in the East China Sea under the protection of battleships and destroyers.  It was then that the League of Nations realized that they had been fooled.  From very early on, the Republic of China was tempting them to develop in the direction of battleships.  However, the Republic of China relies on its advantages in the complex waters of Southeast Asia to hide a bunch of aircraft carriers.  The Republic of China has begun to develop in the direction of beyond visual range naval warfare, and they are still developing visual range warfare of artillery bombardment.  The two are obviously not products of the same era.  This has made the European and American navies very embarrassed. This year they already have forty-six 38,000-ton battleships.  At the same time, there are fifteen super battleships with a tonnage of more than 50,000 tons.  It is a waste of money to keep a battleship of such a huge tonnage. Isn't it free to maintain and train it?  Tow it back and dismantle it and recycle it as scrap metal?  But that is something made with money!  This deceptive tactic of the Republic of China made Europe and the United States realize that the previous naval arms race was completely a trap.  Now that they have fallen into the pit, they will not be able to climb out for a while.  The world situation has also rapidly become unstable due to the economic depression.  Among them, Germany has begun frequent contacts with the Republic of China.  Another unstable factor is Australia and New Zealand. The two British Dominions have begun to fight for independence at this time.  At this time, although Australia and New Zealand were nominally British Dominions, they were actually within China¡¯s sphere of influence.  Australia¡¯s total population at this time was 18 million, of which 11 million were Chinese immigrants and only 7 million were white. OriginallyThere are more white people in Australia, but because too many Chinese immigrants entered Australia, many white people who originally regarded Australia as a paradise country began to immigrate, and many white people immigrated out of Australia.  ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????¡­  Whether it is education, medical care, pensions, insurance, or finance, all fields are infiltrated by Chinese consortiums. Whatever white people do in Australia, they are exploited by Chinese consortiums, and welfare benefits continue to decline.  Australia's politics and military are also controlled by Chinese consortiums.  Especially in the military.  Chinese soldiers account for 85% of the total number of Australian army, navy and air force, and the status of white people in the military continues to decrease.  In 1933, independence movement demonstrations broke out in Australia and New Zealand.  Thousands of white people who own Australia and New Zealand have taken to the streets to demand that the Australian and New Zealand governments separate from the British Dominions and establish an independent country.  "These white people are naturally incited by the consortium. Those white people have relatively simple minds. To put it mildly, they are ignorant people and are easy to incite. ? Just shout out.  What are we going to do? There will be a group of people soon.  The consortium uses newspapers, television, radio and other means to continuously promote the British exploitation and oppression of Australia.  Add to that the current unemployment problem.  The consortium promotes that as long as Australia and New Zealand join the Third World Alliance, they can quickly restore their economies like those members of the Third World Alliance.  To join the Third World Alliance.  It must first have the status of an independent country.  ??White people are fighting for independence.  Naturally, it will make the British lovers and haters happy.  Soon Chinese immigrants also joined the independence march.  In this seemingly unanimous independence demonstration, the Australian government followed suit and decided to hold a referendum.  If more than 60% of the people are willing to see the Australian government become independent, then the Australian government will declare independence and then establish an independent country.  The New Zealand government is following suit and is also planning to hold a referendum.  The UK reacted strongly. Although the two autonomous territories had no benefits for the UK, it still had no shame in its face!  Britain sailed its Asiatic fleet to Australian waters.  It was intended to prevent Australia's independence movement, but it ended up making Australia's independence sentiment even stronger.  The Republic of China sent a note to the British government that day.  Demand that the British Asiatic Fleet immediately withdraw from Australian waters.  The note was written in an imperative style. When the British saw this note, all the dignitaries in the cabinet almost exploded with anger.  On the same day, the Chinese South China Sea Fleet arrived in Australian waters and encountered the British Asiatic Fleet at sea.  China's South China Sea Fleet dispatched an aircraft carrier to perform a mission for the first time.  The South China Sea Fleet dispatched three aircraft carriers at once.  At this time, China already has eight aircraft carriers.  The British Asiatic Fleet looked at the planes hovering over them and were so frightened that they quickly withdrew from Australian waters.  In this confrontation, the Republic of China demonstrated the deterrent power of a superpower.  It also makes the independence of Australia and New Zealand irrevocable.  In 1933, Australia and New Zealand successively declared independence after referendums.  Half a month later, the governments of Australia and New Zealand announced that they would join the Third World Alliance.  The Third World Alliance¡¯s sphere of influence covers the entire Oceania, most of Asia, and even half of Europe.  The slogan of national self-determination shouted by the members of the Third World Alliance is deeply supported by colonies such as India and Africa.  It¡¯s time to liberate Asia and Africa.  After the Republic of China started building 12 aircraft carriers in 1932, it started building 15 more aircraft carriers in 1933.  The aircraft carrier sea has begun to explode.  The huge industrial manufacturing capacity and powerful ship manufacturing capacity have enabled the naval strength of the Republic of China to increase rapidly.  In addition to aircraft carriers, destroyers are also being manufactured in batches.  The naval tonnage of the Republic of China quickly increased from the previous 1.2 million tons to a displacement of 3.5 million tons.  The world situation has also become extremely tense because the Republic of China began to violently bombard warships.  The American consortium had just completed its harvest this year, and Roosevelt's New Deal had also begun.  The U.S. government also urgently began building warships, and the three giants of the League of Nations once again focused their research and development on aircraft carriers.  But at this time, the aircraft carrier technology of the three giants of the League of Nations was already lagging behind the Republic of China.  At this time, the import capacity of European and American goods dropped sharply, and there was no longer any benefit for the Republic of China to export goods.  Therefore, the Republic of China raised the issue of liberating Asia and Africa at the Third World Alliance meeting in 1934.  ¡°The peoples of Asia and Africa have longIt was colonized and plundered by European and American countries, and it has not yet been liberated.  As a liberated third world country in the world, we have the obligation and responsibility to liberate those Asian and African people who are still suffering from the poison of colonialism.  We want to declare to the world that the freedom and sovereignty of third world countries will be their own" Zhao Haizhou issued the "Declaration of Third World Freedom" at the Third World Alliance meeting. This declaration is like a heavyweight.  Bomb. Immediately afterwards, the 25 member states of the Third World Alliance issued a joint note to Britain, France, Italy, the United States and other countries, demanding that they immediately and unconditionally withdraw from the Asian and African colonies. This note from the Third World Alliance was equivalent to the  War has been declared. This is a challenge issued by the newly rising superpower, China, to the old vested interests in Europe and the United States. However, the way of provoking the war by the Republic of China has seized the moral high ground and condescended to Europe and the United States.  Accusing the country of its colonial behavior. In essence, this behavior of the Republic of China is just for outward expansion. The method of plunder of the Republic of China is no longer as low-level as colonialism, but this time it is mainly based on the export of commodities and capital.  Behind the challenge to Europe and the United States is the common will of the Chinese national capital group. If successful, the Republic of China will have absolute control over the commodity markets and labor resources in Asia and Africa. It is equivalent to the Chinese national capital group in most of the world.  Under their control, they can obtain extremely huge economic colonial benefits. This kind of benefits is incomparable to military colonization. Although military colonization has robbed gold, silver, jewelry and artworks, these things are still inedible.  To plunder goods. The export of capital is to enable the labor force in the economic colonies to produce more goods, and to plunder those goods and resources back to Asia, Oceania, and other countries through commercial and financial operations, as well as the exchange of high-grade goods for low-grade goods.  Africa, as well as half of Europe, which is almost half of the world, will come under the control of the Republic of China. This note also shocked many people around the world.  , the war is coming. The Chinese national capital group has long been eager for the arrival of this war. The national capital group headed by Jiang Yu has been actively preparing for the war and is waiting for the victory of this upcoming war.  Will seize huge profits. At the core member meeting of the East China Chamber of Commerce, all major national capital businessmen in China were present one by one, and no one was absent from this important meeting. "Failure?  We cannot fail.  "Jiang Yu said very confidently: "If we can't even occupy Malay, Burma, India and Africa, then our development over the years will be in the belly of a dog.  ¡± Everyone agrees with Jiang Yu¡¯s point of view. Malay, Burma, India, and Africa are not the core areas of Europe and the United States, but are related to their core overseas interests. In these areas, first of all, there are not many troops, and secondly, they are relatively far from Europe.  , European colonists could not invest too much troops, and they did not have the ability to rob Asia and Africa. It could be said that the Republic of China was a military rape of Europe and the United States, and the European and American colonists were simply unable to resist. (To be continued) ps:  Big chapter!
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