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Text Chapter 43: Burning Books and Trapping Confucius

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    Before leaving Alexandria and going to block Dashi's reinforcements in Cairo, Du Xuewen had one more important thing that he had to do.

    To destroy a nation, its culture must be destroyed.

    This sentence was originally taught to Du Xuewen by Du Rui. It has no other meaning, it is just a simple destruction.

    The Arab culture has been passed down for a long time, and judging from the experience of later generations, the vitality of its Muslim culture is so strong that all countries in later generations have taken strict precautions against it. Some people have even suggested that if Muslim culture is not controlled,  If it does, the entire world will be Islamized by it.

    In later generations, even powerful European countries were alarmed by the invasion of Islamic culture. Some even asserted that over time, the entire world would be controlled by Muslims.

    Muslims first claim to be a "religion of peace" and migrate to new places sporadically through doing business and seeking refuge. They are very low-key, very kind, and very law-abiding. Apart from being a little neurotic about eating certain foods, they also interfere with the freedom of marriage.  Who can refuse such a pitiful group of outsiders?  So they stood firm.

    Now that we have established a foothold, the second step is to form a community.  This process will continue for decades, and after a few decades people will find that "they" are everywhere around them.  "They" move around in an open society, but others are inaccessible to "their" circles unless others also convert to "them."

    In the third step, people will find that violence and crime around them suddenly increase. People are surprised to find that there are suddenly thieves of a certain tribe everywhere around them. Even crime is constantly developing. After many years, those guys have been killing people at every turn.  .

    The fourth step is when criminal behavior escalates to group violence. "They" are very good at teaming up to deal with individual others, expropriating property, seizing farmland, and letting others live in the shadow of threats.

    The fifth step is that group violence will become more and more frequent, everywhere and at all times, and dozens or hundreds of people will be dispatched to beat and harass other people at every turn.  In this situation, others face the choice of leaving their homes if there is somewhere to go; if there is no place to go, they either continue to live in fear or they convert to "them" to avoid persecution.

    At this point, the Islamization of a specific region is almost complete, and the sign is that "they" account for a simple majority, or a relative majority, of the local population.  At this time, "they" will fight for independence and separatism. When "they" fight for rebellion, there will be "moderates", "radicals", and "criminals", and they will raise troops to encircle and suppress them.  The "moderates" come to preach peace and call for a truce, the "radicals" come to kill people and prevent fire, and the "infernal affairs" do not rest for a moment regardless of civil or military affairs.

    At this time, other people will face two choices: either surrender, watch that place split apart, and watch the compatriots who remain there being persecuted, driven out, massacred, and assimilated; or, rise up and resist  .

    Can you beg for peace by agreeing to their separation?

    Can this greening step be completed?

    If anyone wants to believe this, his IQ will not be higher than single digits. This splitting process will never stop. After a while, people will find that the current process has re-entered "Step One" or "Step Two".  Just changed the place.

    The strong vitality of Islamic culture cannot help but worry people. Therefore, since it cannot be assimilated, then simply destroy it. This is the simplest and most effective way.

    Not only the Muslim culture, but also the culture of Europe. In Du Rui's eyes, all must be destroyed. Only by destroying the old system can those foreigners who are at a loss what to do will truly be included in the Chinese civilization.  .

    At this time, Europa is in a very special dark age.  The Christian church has become the spiritual pillar of secular society. It has established a strict hierarchy and regards God as the absolute authority.  Literature, art, and philosophy all must follow the teachings of the Christian classic "The Bible", and no one can violate it. Otherwise, the religious court will punish him or even impose the death penalty on him.

    The Bible says, "The ancestors of mankind are Adam and Eve. Because they disobeyed God's prohibition and ate the forbidden fruit of Paradise, they committed a great sin. From then on, sin came to the world."

    Under the control of the church, European society at this time was lifeless, thousands of horses were silent, and there was little progress in science and technology. Of course, this is what Du Rui is happy to see. The more backward Europe is, the more beneficial it is to China.

    What Du Rui wants to do is not simply destroy it, but ban it, prohibit this culture from flowing into the land of China, completely seal it in Europe, and torment the white people.

    But for some more advanced ideas, Du Rui was not polite. Later, EuropeIn Du Rui's opinion, the Renaissance in Brazil is absolutely unacceptable.

    Sometimes, swords are not the most terrifying, but knowledge is truly terrifying. After knowledge is passed down, it will also be accompanied by hatred. Sometimes, the power burst out from knowledge can also destroy the world and create society.  of turmoil.

    What Du Xuewen is going to do now, it seems that someone has done it before in history, that is Qin Shihuang. One of the things he did was to burn books and harass Confucianism, which was criticized by countless scholars in later generations.

    Later generations said that Qin Shihuang was tyrannical because he risked the world's disapproval and burned books to harass Confucian scholars. But why did Qin Shihuang do this? Should those Confucian students be killed? At least Du Rui believed that those Confucian students died unjustly, and Qin Shihuang did not kill them.  wrong.

    Qin Shihuang initially valued the role of Confucian scholars, allowing them to serve as doctors, control classics, prepare rituals and music, prepare consultations, and participate in court meetings, and implemented the preferential treatment policy of "reverence and generous gifts".

    However, the Confucian scholars were not grateful for Qin Shihuang's preferential treatment policy. Instead, they turned on their noses and took themselves more and more seriously.

    In the thirty-fourth year of the First Emperor of Qin, Chun Yuyue, a doctor from Qi, opposed the "prefecture and county system" implemented at that time and demanded that his children be enfeoffed according to the ancient system.  Prime Minister Li Si refuted it and advocated prohibiting people from using ancient knowledge to slander the government.

    Qin Shihuang adopted Li Si's suggestion and ordered the burning of historical records of various countries other than "Qin Ji". He also handed over and burned the private collections of "Poems" and "Books" that did not belong to the Doctor's Hall within a time limit. Anyone who dared to talk about "Poems" and "Books"  Execution, annihilation of the clan is not the same as in ancient times, private learning is prohibited, and those who want to learn laws must take officials as their teachers.

    Coupled with the contention of hundreds of schools of thought in society at that time, it seriously hindered Qin Shi Huang from unifying the thoughts of the people of the six original conquered countries and threatened the rule of the Qin Dynasty.  Therefore, in order to unify the thoughts of the people of the original six countries, Qin Shihuang began to destroy all historical books except "Qin Ji" in 213 BC. Only books about medicine, divination and planting were allowed to be left among the people.

    In the second year, various scholars attacked Qin Shihuang with words.  Qin Shihuang sent people to investigate, and more than 460 people were buried alive in large pits.  Historically, these things were called "burning books and entrapping Confucians".

    The main reasons why Qin Shihuang burned books and harassed Confucians were firstly because of the need for the Qin Dynasty to establish a political system, and secondly because some Confucian scholars and travelers quoted Confucian classics and borrowed the words of ancient sages to criticize current affairs.

    The political and economic reforms implemented by Qin Shihuang were not smooth sailing.  At the beginning of the unification, there was a debate on whether to make the various princes kings.  A group of officials headed by Prime Minister Wang Wan asked Qin Shihuang to enfeoff the princes in the newly occupied territories of Yan, Qi, and Chu as kings.  He believed that this would help consolidate Qin's rule.  But Tingwei Li Si insisted on his opposition.  It is believed that the disputes among the princes in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods were entirely the consequences of the feudal system in the Western Zhou Dynasty.  Only by abolishing the feudal system can disaster be avoided.

    Qin Shihuang adopted Li Si¡¯s opinion and believed that establishing a feudal state meant creating enemy troops.  As a result, the system of counties and counties was established throughout the country.

    Eight years later, in the thirty-fourth year of the First Emperor's reign, at the palace banquet held by the First Emperor of Qin in Xianyang Palace, another debate arose about whether to learn from the past or from the present. This was what triggered the book burning.

    At the banquet, a servant shot Zhou Qingchen, flattered Qin Shihuang, and praised him for not being as powerful as his majesty since ancient times. Dr. Chun Yuyue put forward the idea of ??restoring the enfeoffment system in response to Zhou Qingchen's flattery.

    He said: "I heard that the king of Yin and Zhou Dynasty was more than a thousand years old, and he named his descendants meritorious and made him a auxiliary branch. Now your majesty has a sea, and his descendants are common men. There are Tian Chang and Liu Qing's ministers who died, and they have no assistants. How can they save each other?"  It is unheard of for someone to be able to live a long life without learning from the ancients. Nowadays, the Qing minister has a plump face and emphasizes His Majesty's faults. He is not a loyal minister."

    After hearing this, Qin Shihuang remained calm and handed Chun Yuyue's suggestion to the ministers for discussion.  Prime Minister Li Si made it clear that he disagreed with Chunyu Yue's view.

    He retorted: "There is no law for the disputes of the three generations. Confucian students did not learn from the present but learned from the past. They followed the past to harm the present. If it is not prohibited, the main force will be lowered from above, and the party will be lowered. Unification may be undermined."  destroy."

    In order to distinguish between right and wrong and establish the absolute authority of the monarch, he made three suggestions to Qin Shihuang to burn ancient books: except "Qin Ji", medicine, divination, peasant classics, scholars and other historical ancient books, all should be handed over to the government for destruction within a time limit.  Those who fail to pay the order after thirty days shall be punished with the death penalty and four years of hard labor. Those who discuss "Poems" and "Books" will be put to death. Those who think that the past is not the present will be exterminated. Those who do not act when the officials see it will be guilty of the same crime. If you are willing to learn the law  Those who take officials as their teachers.

    Qin Shihuang approved Li Si's suggestion and lit book burning fires across the country the day after the banquet.  In less than 30 days, China¡¯s classical documents from before the Qin Dynasty were reduced to ashes.  All that remains is a collection of books from the Royal Library.

    In the second year after the book-burning incident, some Confucian scholars slandered Qin Shi Huang's nature as a ruthless and selfish man who served as a jailer. He was responsible for all matters, no matter how big or small.??Decision-making, greed for power, etc.

    After hearing this, Qin Shihuang was furious and ordered an investigation to be carried out on charges of making trouble with the head of Guizhou. He personally ordered more than 460 people to be buried alive in Xianyang.

    "Burning books and entrapping Confucians" has always been evidence of Qin Shihuang's cruelty and cruelty. It has been reviled by scholars all over the world for more than two thousand years. So much so that when future generations think of this historical event, they still feel resentful and wish they could dig up graves and whip corpses.  Penetrating through more than two thousand years of time and space, it struck the bones of Qin Shihuang and sucked out the marrow.

    This kind of hatred is actually the collective fear in the subconscious of later literati, which is passed down from generation to generation.  From an emotional point of view, Du Rui also felt that Qin Shihuang's method of burning books and entrapping Confucianism was too drastic and was indeed too cruel to the Confucian scholars at that time. He could have adopted a more gentle approach.  However, if you want to evaluate a historical event, it is best to evaluate it based on the effect of the event, rather than using moral or emotional standards.  So what is the historical effect of burning books and entrapping Confucians?  Du Rui always believed that through this incident, the historical pattern of the unification of the Chinese nation was created.

    The essence of burning books and entrapping Confucianism is actually a movement to unify ideas.  After Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, he abolished the feudal system in the political structure and implemented the system of prefectures and counties throughout the country; culturally, he unified the writing system, with Xiaozhuan as the standard official writing; and in the economic field, unified  Currency, unified weights and measures.  These measures are all basic elements of national unification and factors that the country can control.

    These things are difficult for the country's powerful structure to control. Especially in the early years of the Qin Dynasty and the Warring States period, hundreds of schools of thought were still arguing and there was extreme confusion in the ideological field. To what extent a country can be unified, the most important condition is  To what extent can common values ??be formed, and ideological confusion is the enemy of forming common values.

    Therefore, it is not enough to have unified measures in politics, economy, culture and other fields. The most critical and long-term unification factor is the unification of ideas and the formation of unified core values. Only then can we achieve unification in politics, economy, culture and other fields.  The measures are effective.

    The two biggest ideological trends at that time were Confucianism and Legalism. Confucianism respected the ancients, but Qin Shihuang's unification of China was a new matter, and the measures he took were also new. These things were not in line with Confucian concepts, and  At that time, the nobles of the six countries also relied on Confucianism's "restraint of self and restoration of propriety" in an attempt to restore the feudal system of the Zhou Dynasty, thereby gaining lost power.

    Therefore, for the newly unified Qin Dynasty, unification of ideas was a key measure to maintain great unification.  Therefore, after Qin Shihuang found a few Confucian scholars, a cultural movement to unify ideas began. The method was a bit fierce, but the objective effect was obvious.

    Although the unified Qin Dynasty only lasted for more than ten years, all the rulers after the Qin Dynasty regarded the idea of ??unification as a key means to maintain their rule. By the time Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty deposed hundreds of schools and only respected Confucianism, the idea of ????China's great unification  formally formed.  Since then, all rulers have basically regarded Confucianism as the core ideology of the country.

    The dominant concept in Chinese history is to deny the burning of books and the entrapment of Confucian scholars, taking it as the main evidence of violence against Qin and the main reason for Qin's demise.

    The establishment of the stone tablet in "Kengru Valley" is the physical evidence of this concept, and it is also a symbol of the break between the Chinese people after the Qin Dynasty and it.  Just near Chang'an, there is a black stone tablet standing on the Bixi. The inscription reads: "Qinkeng Rugu Valley is the Guigou south of Hongqingbao in Lintong County today." The "Chronicles of Qin Shihuang" in "Historical Records" says that the third emperor of Qin Dynasty  In the fifteen years, more than 460 scholars who discussed politics and violated the ban were imprisoned in Xianyang. "Wenwen Tongkao" also said that after that, Qin Shihuang also trapped 700 Confucian scholars at the foot of Lishan Mountain. Qinshihuang ordered people to plant melons in the valley of Lishan Mountain.  In the warm place in the middle, when the sages explain it to the best of their ability, they will shoot their crossbows from the valley and fill them with earth, and the sound will be silenced for a long time."

    Regarding Qin Shihuang, scholars of later generations all madly attacked him as a tyrant.  They used all means to slander Qin Shihuang by burning books and harassing Confucian scholars.

    Qin Shihuang burned books to unify his thoughts.  Qin Shihuang burned books for the unification of China and to suppress the resistance of the restoration forces. This measure was completely necessary in any era.

    Qin Shihuang did not destroy culture. He did not burn agricultural and medical books. He only killed a handful of stubborn restorationists by trapping Confucians. He did not intend to kill all intellectuals in the world as later generations of scholars distorted.

    Qin Shihuang burned books and harassed Confucian scholars. Throughout the ages, the Chinese people did not have a correct understanding of this matter, and they criticized him verbally and writtenly for more than two thousand years.  Du Rui always believed that burning books and harassing Confucians was right. At that time, there were seven kingdoms: Qi, Chu, Qin, Yan, Zhao, Wei, and Han. Confucians in all countries were talking about patriotism. Intellectuals everywhere played a role in inciting social sentiment and fighting against the Qin Dynasty.  Regarding the role of the North Korean government, Han Fei was also full of criticism of the Qin Dynasty's elimination of the six kingdoms.  If Qin Shihuang was a religious man, he would patiently explain that this was a huge cultural project at the time.  However, the founding emperors were both inspiring and rude. Qin ShiAt that time, the emperor personally named 460 "talkative" people, and tried his best to kill them, and at the same time swept away cultural heresies in various countries.

    During the Zhou Dynasty, King Wen of Zhou conquered the world with his virtue, and all princes were equivalent to the various Taoists in the Tang Dynasty, and they could all have military power.  Incompetent people gradually appeared in the descendants of King Wen of Zhou Dynasty. The central government was unable to govern the provinces, and wars continued among the princes. China's history transitioned to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

    At that time, two religious figures appeared in China, namely Laozi and Confucius.  At that time, Confucius had no way to improve the social chaos, so he sighed, "If you ask questions in the morning, you will die in the evening." This sentence makes it clear that Master Confucius is willing to use his own life to bring good public security policies to the world.

    Two star-bearing religionists came to China at almost the same historical stage, but neither could do anything about the social chaos. Another star-bearing religionist, Qin Shihuang, was born in China and unified the culture, economy, politics and military systems.

    Although the history of the Qin Dynasty was short, it laid the foundation for China's political framework for more than 2,000 years. This historical contribution exceeded that of Laozi and Confucius. Apart from leaving behind enlightening words, Laozi and Confucius made little contribution to a peaceful society.  The system distorts the moral principle of equality for all, which is a bad rule for guiding the national style.

    The integrated military, cultural, legal, economic and political structure pioneered by Qin Shihuang was able to bring peace to the country for hundreds of years after being used by later generations.

    Although the soul of the ancestor dragon is still alive, Confucius has a great reputation and is a real fool!

    Mao Taizu criticized Confucius as an idol sect that was both good and bad, probably because of his outstanding appearance and extraordinary appearance. It is no wonder that even Nanzi, the most famous man in the Spring and Autumn Period, took the initiative to lure the wolf into the house.  , the old guy was so frightened that he shouted "Heaven hates him, God hates him!" in front of his disciples.

    "However, although Confucius had an extremely high IQ, full of talent, literary talent and understanding that were unparalleled by ordinary people, he was a complete academic layman with no basic thinking ability.  The so-called "statement without writing" is completely because he has no ability to write, and can only do low-level mental work as an editor, looking for chapters and sentences everywhere, blatantly plagiarizing and infringing on the copyright of the ideological works of his predecessors.  It's a pity that in the end, I didn't even have the ability to compile a complete systematic textbook. I could only write piecemeal and rambling here and there. I relied on the collective efforts of my disciples to produce several collections of Confucius' quotations, but they still became the thoughts of the whole people in later generations.  The Bible is so corrupt!  It is true that "a dragon begets a dragon, a phoenix begets a phoenix, and a mouse's son can dig a hole." The level of our Dacheng and the Holy Master is no more than this, and the comrades of future generations are only qualified to "hold hands, one step, two steps, three steps" at the bottom of the cultural well.  Take four steps and look at the sky; look at the stars, one, two, three, and four, connected in a line."

    Therefore, there is a certain reason why Mao Taizu was less generous than Kong Laoer and Qin Shihuang was more generous.  However, what is interesting is that due to the "burning books and entrapping Confucians" incident, Qin Shihuang has always been the target of verbal and written criticism from later generations of intellectuals. Some bitter people are still lamenting that the development of Chinese civilization was once destroyed in the hands of Qin Shihuang.

    But these people who "their ancestors followed each other step by step, and their ancestors followed the same trend" never thought about whether the administrative measures implemented by Qin Shihuang, "One method is equivalent to a stone, a car is on the same track, and a book is the same as the words." Is this a step back in civilization?

    Everyone in later generations was scolding Qin Shihuang for burning books to embarrass Confucians. However, except for the historical books, the Hundred Schools of Theory and related books were actually still completely preserved in the early Han Dynasty. For a time, "it was spring with a thousand colors", but the descendants of Confucianism  The death continued, but the other side still exaggerated the "book burning" incident with ulterior motives, and shied all the responsibility for the smelly and smelly things he did in the subsequent thousands of years on the "book burning" incident.  Ironically, the golden rule of ethics "Do not do to others as you would have them do to you" actually came from this school.

    Regardless of whether Qin Shihuang really burned and killed as recorded in history books, Du Rui always believed that Qin Shihuang did everything right.

    ??Du Rui has always admired Qin Shihuang very much and believed that he had three qi in his body. The first qi was heroic and heroic.  The second aura is heroic aura, a heroic aura.  The third Qi is domineering, the Qi of overlord.  These three qi are very obvious in Qin Shihuang.  Qin Shihuang's life was very short. It can be said that he died young and died at the age of fifty.  In his short life, he did many great things.  He rode across the six kingdoms and unified the world.  He unified writing, unified currency, unified weights and measures, and unified carriage tracks.  He built the Great Wall in the north and conquered South Vietnam in the south, leaving a strong mark on China's five-thousand-year history.  He worked tirelessly on five grand tours and established a centralized emperor system. It should be said that Qin Shihuang was a big man, a true "pure man", and his heroism, heroism, and domineering were fully reflected.

    ¡°For such a great hero, there is nothing wrong with killing a poor scholar who is extremely boring, spits shit, incites people to rebel, and threatens the unity of the country.

    Now the Tang Dynasty is doing the same thing as the pre-Qin Dynasty, conquering, destroying, and rebuildingstand.

    So, let¡¯s start with the city of Alexandria.

    Du Xuewen's order was quickly passed on. Alexandria can now be called the place with the strongest academic atmosphere on the Mediterranean coast. The destruction of the culture here means that whether it is Europa or Dashi, their culture will be destroyed.  fall back.

    Du Xuewen forced all the secretaries and historical materials in the city to be confiscated and burned, no matter what they were, as long as they were literary.

    When this order was implemented, it immediately aroused strong protests from local residents. For these people, destroying culture is more important than destroying lives.

    Du Xuewen did not directly order the army to suppress the wave of resistance this time. Instead, he had people find representatives from the resisting crowd and met them in the square outside the city lord's palace.

    There has just been a battle here, and although the corpses have been cleaned up, the stone road has already been stained with blood, which is bright red. Walking on it, one can feel a chill from the soles of the feet to the top of the head.

    "General, I heard that you gave the order." A rather thin representative came out tremblingly. He didn't even dare to look into Du Xuewen's eyes. He lowered his head and whispered, "I heard that you gave the order to burn down Alexander."  I express my strongest protest against all books. Yes, you are the victors, but even the victors have no right to do that. These books are symbols of civilization for countless years. As a general, you should do your best  Go protect these crystallizations of human civilization instead of destroying them, and what qualifications do you have to destroy these civilizations!"

    After hearing the translation, Du Xuewen gave him a cold look: "What's your name? Are you a Byzantine, a Greek, or a Muslim!?"

    "Adley Mori, I am a Byzantine, a people of God." Facing Du Xuewen's cold eyes, the representative seemed a little scared, and he felt a bone-chilling chill.

    "Byzantines, people of God?" Du Xuewen smiled coldly and said, "Then why are you here? Before we arrived, this place had been occupied by cannibals, what you call Arabs. You  Why not fight those Arabs for your motherland, but choose to stand with the Arabs against your ally Datang!"

    Mo Li blushed for a while when Du Xuewen said it, but he still argued: "I am a scholar, not a soldier. All I have to do is pass on the culture accumulated over hundreds of thousands of years."

    Du Xuewen smiled disdainfully and said: "You are making excuses for your cowardice. We Tang people have a saying that everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the world, and you obviously have not fulfilled your responsibility, so you are not qualified to talk in front of me!  "

    "I protest!"

    At this time, a bearded man stood up. It was obvious that he was an Arab, and he was actually holding a parchment in his hand. Du Xuewen didn't need to guess, but he knew that it was the Quran.

    Du Xuewen put his hands behind his back and asked, "Why are you protesting again?"

    The bearded man said: "I admit that you are the conquerors and the new owners here, but you can control this city, but you cannot plunder our private property. Yes, these books are our private property, and  I heard that Datang is a country with freedom of belief. You cannot deprive us of our right to believe so arrogantly, General! Your soldiers have defiled the Holy Quran of Muslims. I hope you can return it and apologize!"

    "Apologise!" Du Xuewen looked at the bearded man and felt that this man was simply crazy. "Since you admit that we are conquerors and the new owners of this place, I can tell you now that the victors have the right to do whatever they want.  Everything, including burning books. Destroying civilization? Well, since you think so, I don¡¯t want to make any explanation. As for the Bible and the Quran that you think are sacred, I don¡¯t think there is a need to exist.  Got it!"

    Du Xuewen said as he stepped forward and snatched the things that Mo Li and the bearded man were holding tightly in their hands.

    Mori and the bearded Arabs were all shocked. After they reacted, they rushed towards Du Xuewen like crazy, trying to snatch the parchment from his hand, but the swords and guns of the Tang army soldiers were quickly put on their necks.  The two of them stared blankly at the things in Du Xuewen's hands, and suddenly squatted on the ground and burst into tears. To them, the Bible and the Quran were sacred and inviolable things.

    "God will punish you!"

    ¡°Allah Almighty will punish your soul!¡±

    Christianity and Islam, which were supposed to be enemies, actually found common interests at this moment and started to accuse loudly.

    ?Du Xuewen still smiled lightly, he didn¡¯t believe in God or Allah.

    "Of course, we are not unreasonable people. Although Alexandria tried to resist, we were eventually defeated. As the victors, we destroyed the civilization you called it. However, I brought you another civilization, that is  Our Chinese civilization. From now on, the entire Egypt and even the entire world will be gradually conquered by the Tang Dynasty. When we become the masters of the world, all regions must speak Chinese, and those who obey us will be eligible to go  We have specially opened a school to learn Chinese characters. This will be your greatest honor, because you will have the opportunity to appreciate the breadth and depth of Chinese culture and appreciate a civilization that cannot be expressed in words. We will free you from barbarism. When the time comes,  , I think you will thank us very much!¡±

    Just like Qin Shihuang burned books to embarrass Confucians, Qin Shihuang burned books to embarrass Confucian scholars because those Confucian scholars clamored for restoration and destroyed the hard-won unification.

    Now that Du Xuewen has burned these classics from the Western world and the Arab world, the same is true. The existence and inheritance of these things will mean instability and threat to the future Datang Empire.

    The fire burned quickly. In the cries of the people of Alexandria, the culture and beliefs they cherished gradually turned into ashes. Everything will cease to exist, but soon a brand new culture will reappear in the city.  established among them.

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    When the Tang army landed in Egypt and opened up the situation, Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire, was still under siege by the Arab army. The Arab general who besieged the city was named Khalid. From the perspective of later generations,  , he is a true soldier.

    ? Khalid was a famous military general in the early days of the Arab Empire. He was a member of the Quraysh tribe in Mecca. He was originally a subordinate of the Mecca noble Abu Sufyan. In his early years, he participated in the Uhud and Trench battles in which Mecca polytheists provoked opposition to Muhammad.

    In early 629 AD, he converted to Islam in Medina. In the same year, he participated in the troops led by Zaid to attack Syria, a territory of the Byzantine Empire. After Zaid died in the Battle of Muatai, he led the remaining troops to break through and return to Medina. Muhammad was  In recognition of his bravery, he was given the title "Sword of Allah".

    In 630 AD, he conquered Mecca with Muhammad and was later appointed commander by Caliph Abu Bakr. He led the army to quell the riots of various tribes in the central Arabian Peninsula and achieved outstanding military exploits.  In 633 AD, he led his army to conquer Iraq and occupied the city of Hilla.  Later, he led his army to Syria and served as the supreme commander of the Syrian Arab Army.  In 635 AD, he captured Damascus and took advantage of the situation to capture military fortresses such as Antioch and Aleppo.  In the Battle of the Yarmouk River in August 636 AD, he defeated the Byzantine army with a smaller army, recaptured Damascus, and conquered northern Syria.  In 638 AD, they captured Jerusalem.

    Khalid had great military exploits throughout his life. What really made him famous was the Battle of Damascus. The Battle of Damascus was an important battle for the Arab Empire to conquer the west and seize the Syrian region.

    In 633 AD, the Arab army attacked Syria and launched a fierce battle with the Byzantine Emperor Heraclius. Caliph Abu Bakr sent General Khalid bin Walid, known as the "Sword of Allah", to lead troops to reinforce the army.  In the late autumn of 633, Lide led the Arab cavalry troops to engage in the first confrontation with the Eastern Roman Army in the depression south of the Dead Sea in Palestine. The Eastern Roman Army, which was mainly infantry, had no ability to resist in front of the Arab Army, which was composed entirely of cavalry.  , and eventually the entire army was annihilated.

    Khalid decided to personally lead eight hundred elites across the desert, penetrated into Damascus, the capital of Syria, and attacked the Byzantine army from behind.  After thirteen days of rapid march, Khalid led his army to suddenly appear northeast of Damascus, joined forces with the Amr troops heading north, and was ordered to unify the command of the Arab armies fighting in Syria.

    From 634 to 635 AD, Khalid defeated the Byzantine army twice in the areas of Aizanadine and Besan, and reached the gates of Damascus.  After a six-month siege, Damascus was forced to surrender.

    In the spring of the following year, Theodoras, the younger brother of the Byzantine Emperor Heraclius, led an army of more than 100,000 men in an attempt to recapture Damascus.  Khalid took the initiative to withdraw from the city, and then defeated the enemy in the battle of Yarmouk Valley on August 20, killed Theodoras, recaptured Damascus, and controlled the entire Syria.

    The Battle of Damascus gave Khalid his first prominence, while the Battle of Yarmouk established his position in the Arab army.

    In 636 AD, after careful planning, Khalid gathered all the Arab cavalry that could be mobilized, a total of 25,000 people, and 200,000 Eastern Roman reinforcements, and a decisive battle broke out on the Yarmouk River to determine the fate of the two countries of Eastern Rome and Arabia.

    Due to the long journey and acclimatization, the combat effectiveness of the temporarily recruited Eastern Roman army was severely reduced, and at the same time, its most important morale was gone.

      Khalid concentrated his forces, took advantage of the fact that the Arab army's cavalry was good at riding and shooting, and used sandstorms as cover to launch a large-scale group attack on the Eastern Roman army.

    As a result, the Eastern Roman army suffered more than 70,000 casualties. The vanguard commander Theodora died in battle, and the Eastern Roman army collapsed across the board.  Emperor Heraclius was unable to save his life and was forced to retreat with his remaining troops. When he retreated to the border of Syria, he lamented: "Farewell to beautiful Syria."

    In the original history, Khalid was jealous of Osman because of his great military exploits, and was eventually deposed and died in depression. But now Osman died in Egypt because of the sudden appearance of Du Rui.

    After Muawiya came to power, Khalid was reused and has been presiding over the campaign against Byzantium. Unfortunately, the Arab Empire suffered a disastrous defeat in Central Asia, lost a large area of ??land, and its national strength was not as good as before.

    After Yazid became the caliph, Khalid was squeezed out again and was transferred back from the front line by Yazid. Previously, Yazid besieged Constantinople, but was eventually defeated by Leo III, and the Arab Empire declined even more.

    Khalid was then reactivated, this time leading an army of 200,000 to besiege Constantinople, in order to prepare for a decisive battle to completely eliminate the Byzantine Empire, a threat to the west, and then reorganize the army and compete with the Tang Dynasty.  , to regain lost ground.

    Of course, those are Yazid¡¯s thoughts. Khalid is not only a qualified commander on the battlefield, but he is also an excellent politician like Amr.

    Although Khalid had no experience fighting against the Tang army, he could analyze through those battle cases that Datang was definitely not a weakling. In fact, Datang was very powerful.

    Otherwise, Ibrahim Muhammad would not be in such a mess. Khalid knew Ibrahim Muhammad very well. He was also a strong man and a tyrant. Otherwise, why would he even  Muawiya was helpless with Ibrasi Muhammad and could only allow him to dominate the Eastern Province of the Arab Empire.

    But even Ibrahim Mohammed was defeated by the Tang people.

    The current national strength of the Arab Empire is far inferior to that of that time. What would happen even if it annexed the Byzantine Empire?

    Will it be possible to compete with Datang for the world by then?

    Khalid is not optimistic about the blueprint drawn by Yazid.

    There is obviously no use thinking about these things now. Khalid just wants to do his part and work hard to complete the mission given to him by God, to fight against Byzantium and capture Constantinople, which is in front of him, which has made countless Arabs sigh.  .

    Khalid also thought that if the Byzantine Empire was destroyed, at least the Arab Empire might be able to have a little more confidence when fighting against the Tang Dynasty.

    It's a pity that he didn't know that while he was fighting to the death with the Byzantines, the Tang Dynasty's blade was already approaching their chests, and their proud Alexandria was already under attack by the Tang army.  It became a ruin.

    And, at this moment, right under his nose, a small boat quietly sailed into Constantinople.
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