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Text Chapter 921: The forest flowers faded and the spring flowers faded.

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    What Zheng Lang said is a bit biased. Even if the Sixteenth Province of Youyun is captured, it cannot be said that there is no crisis in the north.  It was mainly internal affairs. If not for Zhao Ji and Cai Jing, or even the rise of the Jurchens, the Song Dynasty might not have perished.  Internal affairs are the main thing.  And if the border is not in a hurry, it is impossible to exempt all the two taxes, even the two major franchises, and reduce the commercial tax.

    This is just a pie that Zheng Lang drew up for his dream of the Song Dynasty in the future.

    Otherwise, the Song Dynasty would decline.

    As for what conditions must be met to regain the Sixteenth Province of Youyun, Zheng Lang did not say any more. As his voice changed, he said: "Your Majesty, I want to say a few things before leaving. One is education, patriotic education. I used to read history books.  , often wonder why the Five Surnames and Seven Families are above the royal family. In fact, the reason is very simple, that is, resources and education. The Five Surnames and Seven Families control huge resources, including various books and educational talents. In order to maintain the stability of the country, the Tang royal family  Especially after the decline of the royal family during the Anshi Rebellion, they had to reuse talents from five surnames and seven families. However, the growth and education these talents received since childhood were all given by their own families. Therefore, they put the interests of the family first."

    I won¡¯t say the rest.

    The Song Dynasty did not have the soil for the existence of five surnames and seven families, but there were also many families, including the families of scholar-bureaucrats, the families of relatives, etc.

    There are many of them listed in the court, and for this reason, it is impossible to put family interests under national interests.

    Zheng Lang changed his voice and said: "So I think that the imperial court can allocate some funds in the future to build schools, subsidize the enrollment of poor children, and strengthen their concept of national supremacy, then more Fan Zhongyan will appear. Under the overthrow of the nest  , how can the egg be finished? Only if more scholar-bureaucrats put the country before their family and family and are loyal to the country, can the country never decline!"

    Some people have slight discoloration on their faces.  But it cannot be denied.

    Zhao Xu had a frown on his forehead.

    Zheng Lang did not clarify, but turned to another matter and said: "Your Majesty, the second thing I mentioned is the separation of powers and exclusive power."

    Zheng Lang seems to be speaking lightly here, but it is a huge event. It is not decentralization and dictatorship, but two systems: centralized dictatorship and democratic supervision.

    If some of the ideas of feudal society were not very backward in the Song Dynasty, at least the country still needed strong power and the status of a king.  Use this to maintain the unity of the country.  However, since the Song Dynasty, it has gradually fallen behind, including the Song Dynasty's active decentralization of power and heavy constraints. It is a progressive pseudo-democratic system.

    But it was not very successful. Its goal was only to prevent the emergence of powerful ministers, so it was not that advanced in thinking.

    Zheng Lang has been trying to find a way out since he was a boy. There are two ways out for future generations. One is centralized dictatorship.  The second is democracy.  However, after careful analysis, each has its own shortcomings and advantages. Centralized dictatorship is undoubtedly a hotbed of corruption and corruption.  If it is implemented for a long time, the polarization between the rich and the poor will be serious, and various unfair phenomena will appear in society, but it is very efficient.  This is something a democratic system cannot have.  The supervision of the democratic system is more perfect, no matter how you say it, if people of the same race are of the same race.  It is definitely better in terms of human rights, but it is delayed in doing things, and it is difficult to have continuity in policies. At the same time, if you want to implement real democracy, you need very high conditions, otherwise the consequences will be worse than imitating others.

    Therefore, Zheng Lang wanted to find a third way. For example, the parliamentary system of candidate officials he implemented in Hehuang was a bolder attempt at pseudo-democracy.  But the more I think about it, the more confused I become. In fact, the Song and Ming Dynasties have implemented some pseudo-democratic systems, but what about the two countries?  The Han officials in the Qing Dynasty were not even as good as slaves, but without the invasion of foreigners, it is possible that the Qing Dynasty could still exist for another hundred or two hundred years.

    If he really finds it, he may surpass Confucius and become China's greatest thinker.

    I have been searching all my life, but I have not found it, but I have discovered a truth.

    The truth lies not in democracy and dictatorship, but in the Book of Changes.  Whether it is democracy or dictatorship, they are just the difference between yin and yang. The former divides power to form mutual supervision, while the latter concentrates power to reduce constraints.  It's just that one democracy and one dictatorship have made them concrete and detailed.  This is their essence.

    Democracy alone will not work, nor will dictatorship alone work. In fact, Zheng Lang is already doing it, further decentralizing power, including cutting off some of the powers of the prime minister, so as to prevent the country from having Cai Jing and Zhang Jing, which will immediately lead to the country's decline.  At the same time, the rights of each ministry and department are clarified, so that the rights and responsibilities of each department are relatively centralized.  Some more departments were established and supervision functions were strengthened.  There are also ways to prevent ministries and departments from interfering with state affairs, and to expand the scale of capital meetings so that ministries and departments can understand each other and better handle government affairs.

    But it cannot be said that it is the best way.

    First of all, the responsibilities of each department and department are clearer than before. Maybe their rights have been increased, but they can¡¯t argue with each other. In addition, the supervision system has been increased.??, it's harder to do things.  Especially the Liangfu and Sansi.  If he uses his strong prestige in the court to adjust, the problem is not that serious. If he is not there, the weak and stubborn prime minister will not stay long. The strong prime minister will be troubled by it and will gradually concentrate his power again like Wang Anshi and Han Qi.

    But the concentration of power is even worse. The Book of Changes emphasizes yin and yang adjustment, and the same goes for the system. Countries with centralized power must pay attention to supervision and reduce injustice. Countries with public power must pay attention to administrative continuity and reduce various constraints.

    Even if so-called pseudo-democratic mechanisms appeared in the Song Dynasty, the supervision system could not be ignored, but their responsibilities had to be spelled out.

    So before leaving the court, Zheng Lang simply made this issue clear.  Of course, Zheng Lang doesn¡¯t talk about democracy and the people are the masters, so where does the emperor put it?  So we only talk about decentralization and exclusive power.

    Zhao Xu said: "Mr. Zheng, please tell me."

    "Your Majesty, autocratic power is the concentration of power, which can easily cause powerful officials to mislead the country, and due to the lack of supervision, officials can act recklessly, causing social injustice. If the ruler is wise and virtuous, the country will be governed well, but if the ruler is ignorant and evil, the country will quickly perish. Therefore, our ancestors have determined the duties and powers of each minister.  We have overcome many constraints and conducted mutual supervision. However, it is easy to say black and white, but how difficult it is to say right and wrong. In fact, in the final analysis, it is the complexity of human nature. The old minister and Fan Zhongyan had a conversation before, and the old minister said how human nature can be distinguished by black and white.  , just like the colors of the world, there are red, orange and green, which constitute the brilliance of the world. The same is true for human nature. If we use a simple distinction between good and evil, black and white, it would be a big mistake. Exactly  Because of the complexity of human nature, people are the soul of all things. I have considered decentralization and authoritarianism for a long time, and also implemented some regulations during the restructuring. But there are no simple colors in the world, let alone perfect systems. Especially the capital  The purpose of expanding the meeting is to have a horizontal understanding, work together, eliminate shortcomings, correct omissions, and make decisions more perfect. But if there is a good side, there must be a bad side. The Dutang Hui plus the expansion of the supervision mechanism  , it is easy to cause mutual constraints and delays in doing things. Therefore, the old minister finally proposed that if the decisions of each ministry and department are opposed by other ministries and departments, leave it to His Majesty to make the decision. Your Majesty cannot make the decision. As long as the ministries and departments do not harm the interests of the country, the decision-making lies with each ministry and department.  Within the scope of responsibilities, then the decisions of various ministries and departments must be implemented.¡±

    This is also Zheng Lang's usual style. Doing is better than talking. When there is a dispute, do not delay doing.  Otherwise, all kinds of government affairs will be messed up.

    "There are also various supervisory agencies and ministers. Their power is to supervise the ethics of officials and the pros and cons of the execution of state affairs, rather than being decision-making and execution agencies. Ministers have the power to impeach ministers, but they cannot interfere with the decision-making and execution of ministries and departments.  The various supervisory departments have the right to supervise the ethics and governance of state and county officials, but they are also not allowed to override state and county officials and grossly interfere in the politics of states and counties."

    Zhao Xu nodded.

    Zheng Lang is fine here, but he is gone.  This importance must be made clear.  Otherwise, some ministers are also lawless.

    Zheng Lang added: "Your Majesty, the third thing that the veteran said is Yi. There is no perfect thing or thing in the world, and there is no system that can exist forever. Let's talk about the Xining initiative initiated by your Majesty, the veteran, and all the ministers.  The reforms have cured all the ills since the founding of our dynasty. Today, whether it is the economy, the military, or the ethics of officials, they are better than before. However, in order to reduce disputes, too much was involved, and various reforms were not implemented thoroughly. Perhaps in  Within a hundred years, as long as the king is wise and the ministers are wise, it can still be a policy for governing the world. But after a hundred years, new drawbacks will arise, even the deed stock system of the supervisors. However, it is more difficult to reform the system.  It would be better if the restructuring succeeds by chance, but what if it fails? The country will be divided!"

    Zheng Lang said solemnly.

    We can¡¯t say that the Song Dynasty is fine, but there are still some crises, but Zheng Lang doesn¡¯t dare to touch them.

    And the reform was successful. Zheng Lang took advantage of the golden finger to make profits. Do latecomers have this golden finger?  And Zheng Lang stands at the height of history, are there any latecomers?

    "If future generations want our dynasty to be established for thousands of years, we must make constant adjustments, but every adjustment will involve a wide range of things, so we must be careful. In the early Tang Dynasty, it was said that it is difficult to establish a country or to govern a country. The veteran said here that it is difficult to establish a country.  But governing a country is even harder!¡±

    This is also Zheng Lang¡¯s final confession.

    We talked about the military, the system, and the reform.

    Then he said: "The ruler is the most important thing in the country. Firstly, he is afraid of cruelty, secondly, he is afraid of ignorance, and thirdly, he is afraid that the empress of the Southern Tang Dynasty will be distracted by the narrow path, but empress Li Xiaoling is unparalleled in the world. Lin Hua withered in spring.  Red, too hasty. Everyone, I have been a minister since I was seventeen years old. I have been deeply favored by Empress Dowager Zhang Xian, Renzong and the current Queen Mother. Therefore, I am afraid that something will go wrong. I have worked hard for these decades, and now I am old. Time has passed.  It's so fast, I am about to leave the capital. Now I leave the state affairs to you, I hope you will work hard."

    Zheng Lang resigned as prime minister. This time he really resigned as prime minister. The power of the two governmentsThere will be a major reshuffle.

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    April has arrived and the barley has turned yellow.

    The weather in Beijing is getting hotter day by day.

    The Zheng family is busy. Zheng Lang is traveling with the army, but there is another person who is going to the northwest. Si'er, she is the maid who has served Zheng Lang since she was a child. Yue'er Shaodi, she is the eldest lady, and because of her natal family's  Due to his status, he was a good candidate to be a "hostage", so in the end, Si'er was allowed to go to Xiaoguan first.

    After Si'er left, Zheng Lang made preparations and quickly left the capital.

    The Song Dynasty¡¯s expedition to Xia was extremely exciting news, but at this time, many people were not happy.  (To be continued)
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