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Volume 2, debut, Chapter 652: Top of the world (finale)

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    During this period, the population of the Ming Dynasty was about ten times that of the Ottoman Empire. From here, we can see the huge gap between the two countries.

    On the battlefield, in addition to the 500,000-strong army led by Zhu Houzhao and the 300,000-strong army led by Suleiman personally confronting each other in Tabriz, the Ming Dynasty also had an army of 200,000 in the south attacking the Ottomans.  It belongs to Syria and the Mesopotamia region.

    To the north, passing through the territory of the Astrakhan Khanate, nearly 300,000 troops from the two countries are constantly attacking southward.  It can be said that at this time on the battlefield, the Ming Dynasty had nearly one million troops.  And this does not include the more than 100,000 navy troops who have also participated in the war.

    After a confrontation that lasted for half a month, Zhu Houzhao finally ordered an attack on Tabriz.  Outside the city, the two sides launched an unprecedented showdown.

    Almost from the beginning, Zhu Houzhao and Suleiman had devoted all their troops to this offensive, because both of them knew that this was a war that truly determined the overlord.

    The Ottoman cavalry was the first to attack. Unfortunately, the Ottoman cavalry, which was invincible in Europe, was beaten by the Mongolian cavalry and the Jurchen cavalry and was unable to fight back.

    Since the expedition is about to begin, how could Zhu Houzhao forget those Mongolian cavalry and Jurchen cavalry who have become people of the Ming Dynasty?

    Seeing that the cavalry under his command was defeated, Suleiman immediately replaced the infantry. This also caused great suffering to the Mongolian cavalry and Jurchen cavalry who rushed forward. They suffered heavy casualties under the large number of muskets from the Ottoman infantry.

    Fortunately, Zhu Houzhao also replaced the Ming infantry in time to attack the Ottoman infantry.

    Facts have proved that when it comes to cavalry, Ottoman is not good, but when it comes to infantry, their gap is even greater.

    At this time, the muskets used by the Ottoman infantry were all muzzle-loading guns. Although they had learned the flintlock technology from the Ming Dynasty when they fought against the Ming Dynasty, even so.  When the Ming infantry who had upgraded to breech-loading guns showed their power, the muskets they were proud of turned out to be fire sticks.

    The rate of fire of the Ming muskets was more than three times theirs, and the range was nearly a hundred meters beyond theirs. It can be said that the Ming army completely suppressed the Ottoman army from the beginning.

    Why did Zhu Houzhao say that either we should not fight, or if we wanted to fight, we would sweep the entire Ottoman Empire?  The reason is here. In these twenty years, under the leadership of Zhu Houzhao, the Ming Dynasty has already been far ahead of the Ottomans in all aspects.

    Seeing that the Ottoman army had begun to appear in chaos, Zhu Houzhao was overjoyed and immediately ordered the artillery troops that had been ambushing on the periphery of the battlefield to start showing off.

    "Boom" Amidst countless huge roars, the Ottoman army was finally defeated.  And it was a complete defeat.  Even though Suleiman was a genius, he could only flee to Tabriz with his remaining defeated soldiers.

    But it was a pity that Suleiman, who had not yet recovered in the city, saw that the Ming army had arrived, but he immediately left the city and fled westward.

    Zhu Houzhao did not launch a full-scale pursuit but ordered the battlefield to be cleared. The Ming Dynasty won a complete victory in this battle, but it also cost more than 20,000 casualties. However, compared with the Ottoman casualties, Zhu Houzhao felt too balanced.  .  More than 80,000 of Suleiman's 300,000-strong army were killed and more than 100,000 were captured.  It can be said that more than half of Suleiman's army was trapped here.

    After occupying Tabriz, Zhu Houzhao did not directly attack the Ottoman homeland, but chose to divide his troops to go north and south, which took less than ten days.  The two armies merged with the Ming army attacking the Ottomans from the north and south.

    At this point, the entire Syria, Iraq and other regions in later generations were all in the hands of the Ming Dynasty, and the northern Caspian Sea became the inland sea of ??the Ming Dynasty.

    After hearing the news, Zhu Houzhao breathed a sigh of relief in Tabriz.  At this point, I can say that my initial plan has been realized, so I open the map.  He could find that except for the tributary countries in Southeast Asia, India and the Ottoman homeland, the rest of Asia was already under the control of the Ming army.

    In terms of territory alone, this is an unprecedentedly large empire.

    And in addition to Asia, Egypt in Africa is also under the control of the Ming Dynasty. In Europe, the Ming Dynasty's army has even reached the borders of Poland and Hungary.

    While the Ming Dynasty won, the winner was also decided between Carlos and Francois who fought in Bordeaux. It was obvious that Carlos, who had a stronger army, won the victory on the battlefield.

    After paying more than 50,000 casualties, Carlos finally defeated Francois's last army of nearly 200,000.  Moreover, French King Francois was captured on the battlefield.

    At this point, the whole of France is in Carlos.?Under the army, there is almost no resistance.

    After the victory of this battle, the French army in Italy surrendered without a fight. Carlos regained his territory in Italy in one fell swoop. At the same time, he left a part of the army to continue to attack France. After that, he also started to march north from Italy with his army. He wanted to recapture it.  Those territories that originally belonged to them.

    Knowing that Carlos had defeated France, Zhu Houzhao also accelerated the pace of his march. In addition to leaving a part of the army to control the new places, Zhu Houzhao personally led an army of 700,000 to invade the Ottoman homeland.

    In view of the long and narrow terrain of the Ottoman Empire at this period, Zhu Houzhao did not adopt the strategy of dividing his troops. Instead, the army united in one place, and then lined up in the north and south directions. Then, 700,000 troops drove from the east of the Ottoman Empire to the Ottoman Empire like a steamroller.  west side.

    Faced with Zhu Houzhao's method of crushing with strong troops, Suleiman had no idea. In fact, he already knew in his heart that he had lost this battle.

    He was wrong from the beginning. After all, he underestimated the great strength of the Ming Dynasty and invested more than one million troops. This was simply unimaginable to Suleiman. He probably couldn't do it even with all the efforts of the country.  Many armies.  Not to mention that the logistics of maintaining such a large fighting force could bring down the entire Ottoman army.

    What Suleiman can do is to hold on as hard as possible. Even if he has to give up a piece of territory, he must make Ming Dynasty pay a sufficient price.

    In May of the 19th year of Zhengde's reign, after nearly a year of sailing, the Ming Dynasty's fleet finally arrived in the Mediterranean Sea.

    At this time, Zhu Houzhao had already led his army to the vicinity of the Ottoman capital, but Suleiman, after plundering the entire Ottoman army, entered Istanbul with his last army of more than 200,000 to defend it.

    At the same time, Carlos also led an army to annihilate all the Ottoman armies in Europe.  He even personally went south to Istanbul with his army, vowing to recapture the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire.

    But it is a pity that in the face of the fortified city, Carlos suffered a series of tragic defeats. Even whether it was muskets or artillery, Carlos's Spanish infantry was at a disadvantage.  This also forced Carlos to stop the attack and adopt a siege method.

    Faced with the imminent victory and the disastrous defeat of Carlos, Zhu Houzhao was powerless. Even though he arrived near Istanbul with the remaining more than 600,000 troops, facing the Dardanelles and the Bosporus  .  He can do nothing even if he has an army of tens of millions.

    Without enough ships, he simply could not break through the Ottoman Navy's blockade of the strait and land outside Istanbul.  The navies of Spain and Wang Hong were powerless against the defending Ottoman Navy.

    But now, with the arrival of another fleet of the Ming Dynasty, the situation immediately changed. This fleet is the largest fleet in the history of the Ming Dynasty. The entire fleet has more than 300 warships, and the other ships add up to nearly a thousand.  , it can be said that Zhu Houzhao sent all the navy of the Ming Dynasty to Europe.

    Seeing the mighty Ming fleet occupying the entire sea, Carlos was completely stunned.  But then he was overjoyed.

    Although the Ottoman navy chose to defend.  But this time, the Ming Dynasty and the Spanish navy relied on their strong strength to choose to attack, even if they had to pay huge casualties for it.

    After a day of naval battle between the two sides, the Ottoman Navy was completely wiped out, and the last barrier that hindered Zhu Houzhao from marching into Istanbul had completely disappeared.

    On top of the huge sea of ????people from both sides of the coalition.  Under the Ming Dynasty's more powerful firearms than the Ottomans, Istanbul, the most famous city on the east-west road, completely fell into the hands of the Ming Dynasty and the Spanish coalition forces.

    Suleiman is dead and the war is over.

    The confrontation between Ming Dynasty and Spain has just begun, but they have just experienced an unprecedented war.  Both sides were obviously very restrained. In the end, Zhu Houzhao and Carlos agreed to use the actual territory occupied by each as the dividing line between the two parties, and Istanbul would be jointly managed.  Then both sides began to withdraw their troops one after another.

    In the 20th year of Zhengde, Zhu Houzhao, who had just returned to China, issued a reform order that shocked the world. Zhu Houzhao, who returned with a great victory, reached an unprecedented height of reputation, and he had been waiting for this opportunity for a long time.

    This reform order is known as the "Century Reform". While it includes the reforms carried out by Zhu Houzhao before, Zhu Houzhao also adds many things from later generations based on his own memory.

    This is an unprecedented major reform, because the scope it covers is unprecedented, including politics, economy, military, law, literature, technology and other aspects.

    And this place of reformIt is called the "Century Reform" because the length of time Zhu Houzhao set for it was unprecedented. Zhu Houzhao did not complete all the reforms in his own lifetime, but set the time in one hundred years.  to within one hundred and fifty years.

    At the same time, Zhu Houzhao also included the individual * system of election. According to the provisions of this reform, starting from the 25th year of Zhengde, within the administrative regions at the town level across the country, all those who have the town household registration and are of legal age  Ming people of all ages can elect the person they support to be elected as the top official of their town.

    Thirty years later, according to the reform decree, this universal suffrage will be extended to the county level administration.

    But further up, there is no more.  In the future, universal suffrage in the Ming Dynasty will end here, because if it goes up, the disadvantages of universal suffrage will begin to appear.

    In the 32nd year of Zhengde, there was a war between the Ming Dynasty and Spain. Carlos, who felt that the gap between his strength and the Ming Dynasty was getting wider and wider, chose to fight to the death, but was defeated by the Ming Dynasty's sea army.

    Looking at the imperial army that was constantly defeated whether at sea or on land, Carlos suddenly realized that he regretted listening to Suleiman's words.

    But unfortunately, it was too late for him to regret it.

    With the defeat of Spain, Ming Dynasty can finally stand on top of the world, and with Ming Dynasty now occupying nearly half of the world's population, it is absolutely impossible to pull Ming Dynasty from this throne.  (To be continued.)

    ps: ps: I feel helpless at the rushed ending, but the pressure during this period is really too great. I have to review for exams, write a new book, and have trivial matters in life. I feel like my head is going to explode when I am busy all day long.  Well, hey, for the sake of not being in prison, I¡¯d better finish the book first.

    But I promise here that when I have more time in the future, I will re-write a better ending for you, and it will be free of charge.  That ending will definitely not end in a hurry. If you believe me, you can wait for me. If you don't believe it, then there is nothing I can do.

    ? ? Okay, that¡¯s it.  This is the last time I ask for a monthly pass from everyone. With the results of this book, it can be considered a comfort.
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