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Text 125. Career bachelor

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    Emperor Kangxi appointed Tong Guowei as the successor to the post of Minister of the Imperial Guard, and ordered Princess Etu to be the consort of the first class, Gongxinyu, to assist the crown prince in paying homage to the late empress's tomb. As for Suo Etu's resignation, Kangxi put it aside for the first time.  Reply, it is clear that we are observing the development of the situation.

    While Emperor Kangxi was waiting patiently, he and Chen Huang, who was summoned to the capital, studied the plan for comprehensive management of the Yellow River and Huaihe River.  This matter is really not something that can be clearly explained in just a few words by passing a few memorials and asking for answers. If you look carefully at it on the table, it will take more than ten years to organize and organize it, and countless people and money will be spent on it. Just talk about the concept of river management.  To understand, you also need to change your thinking from scratch.

    Kangxi claimed to have received modern education, and he only knew those vague and big concepts.  War, poverty, deforestation, and desertification in the upper reaches of the Yellow River in Shaanxi, Gansu, and Ningxia have intensified erosion, leading to soil erosion along the river. This has resulted in dangerous flooding in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River every year.  Kangxi thought that it would be right to vigorously promote afforestation and protect vegetation on both sides of the Yellow River, and to remove silt and blockages.

    Who would have thought that Chen Huang had the courage to say to the emperor, "Your Majesty, this whole matter of planting trees and dredging silt and removing blockages is not entirely right." Kangxi stared at him hard.

    Chen Huang was very upright, pointing to the simulation map of the entire Yellow River laid out on the table, and analyzed it carefully: "Your Majesty, please see that the topography and hydrology of the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River are different, and they must be dealt with in sections. When the Yellow River originates in the upper reaches,  Because the water flow is small and the water is slow, more trees and grass can be planted along the coast to protect the surface sand and soil."

    "But when the Yellow River flows through the middle reaches, the water surface widens, sand and soil gradually accumulate, and the water potential becomes more rapid. Therefore, it is suitable to widen the river channel, reduce siltation, and ease the flow."

    "As for the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, due to years of siltation, the sand and soil in many river sections have raised the riverbed. Manual excavation of river sand is no longer feasible in a waste of time and effort. Therefore, during the autumn flood season, high embankments and dams should be reinforced and built in advance.  Narrow river channels, and trees must not be planted on the embankments to block the flow of water. When the peak of the flood season passes, we can use the characteristics of the narrowed river channel and accelerated water flow to continuously wash away the silted river channel and take advantage of the situation to reduce sedimentation and breaches."

    Chen Huang categorically assured Kangxi again and again: "Your Majesty, those who manage the river must give priority to embankments. When embankments are complete, water will flow, and when water merges, the flow will be rapid. If the flow is rapid, the force will be fierce. If the force is strong, new sand will not stop, and the old sand will be replaced."  The more you brush, the deeper the river bottom becomes. This is the only way to make the Yellow River water clear and clear."

    Kangxi listened as if he was in a cloud, and looked at Chen Huang like Frankenstein. Could it be that he was the one who could wear it?  If you know how to use the powerful impact of flowing water in nature to remove silt, you will be able to imagine

    Chen Huang was worried that Kangxi would not understand him, so he made a vivid metaphor: "Your Majesty, if there is no clear water to cleanse it, Haikou will be prone to siltation For example, if a person eats thick rice, he will choke easily. If  Is there any harm in gargling the tea with water that may go down your throat?"

    Hearing this, Kangxi was stunned for a long time before he realized that it turned out that Comrade Chen Huang was considerate and wanted to use a simple meal and drinking tea as an analogy. However, he did not do so and almost made Kangxi faint.

    Although Kangxi did not have access to river services, he was sensitive, eager to learn, and tireless. He began to study with Chen Huang how to build dams along the Yellow River.  Chen Huang's meaning is very clear. "Diversion" and "confluence" should be used in combination.  When floods come in summer and autumn, water reduction dams are built in dangerous sections of narrow and shallow rivers. In some river sections where water reduction dams are not built, rivers can be excavated and diverted to divert excess water.  Then, at the same time, the downstream river channel is wide and the flow speed is slow, and the main river is diverted to ensure sufficient water volume for sand washing.

    Regarding the measurement of the amount of sand flushing water, Chen Huang invented a "water measuring method", which uses the method of earthwork measurement to convert it into water measurement.  The specific method is to first measure the depth and width of a gate, calculate how much water can flow through it in one second, and then calculate how much water can flow out in a day and night. This way you can get the water flow rate.

    Kangxi leaned his chin and listened attentively. This man was so talented.  Although Kangxi didn't understand the modern method of measuring water flow and velocity, after listening to Chen Huang's explanation, he found that it had something in common with the method of earthwork measurement in engineering. It could indeed be applied to find ways to artificially control the flow and velocity of floods. Listen.  It's very scientific.

    Kangxi had doubts in his heart, so he asked Chen Huang: "Chen Qing, why can't trees be planted on the river embankment?"

    Chen Huang explained: "Back to the emperor, there is no need to build large dams in the upper reaches of the river where the water flow slows down. Just plant enough trees and turf, and the tree roots can also stop the loss of soil, sand and gravel. But in the middle and lower reaches, the river water is fast and violent.  And it is often accompanied by heavy rain and strong winds. Under the strong wind, the trees will continue to sway. If the tree roots grow hard and deep, it will inevitably cause cracks in the embankment, which will not be able to withstand the strong erosion of the flood, and it will easily cause the embankment to burst."

    Kangxi thought for a while, then nodded in agreement: "I understand, a long embankment of thousands of miles collapsed in an ant nest, let alone a treeDense root systems produced by large trees.  So that's it, that means that trees can be planted in the upper reaches of the river near the bank, but in the lower reaches of the river, trees can only be planted on both sides of the river away from the embankments.  "

    Chen Huang nodded and said with a smile: "Your Majesty is right. A large number of shallow-rooted turf can be planted on the embankment. It can not only maintain the water and soil, but also provide a beautiful scenery with green shade. When boating on the river, it is difficult to look around.  Looks boring."

    Kangxi smiled slightly and couldn't help but laugh at him: "So you're not stupid either, you know a little bit of fun."

    When Chen Huang heard this, his dark complexion deepened. Kangxi was very surprised when he looked closely. Old Chen must have blushed.

    After Kangxi asked about state affairs, he became trustworthy. In a very low voice, he quietly asked him an off-topic question: "Chen Qing, are you really not married yet?"

    Chen Huang never expected that the emperor would be so gossipy. His dark complexion had turned the color of pig liver. He murmured for a long time before finally replying: "Back to the emperor, if you haven't achieved fame as a man, why should you care about your family?"

    Kangxi was astonished. He didn't expect that there would be such a living treasure in ancient times. Kangxi was less than thirty years old, and several of his sons and daughters were able to make soy sauce.  It is really sad that at Chen Huang's age, he should have grandchildren in modern society, but he is still fighting alone on the front line of fighting floods.  Do those who diligently study science have to have low emotional intelligence like the mathematician Chen Jingrun?  The organization also arranged a wife for Chen Jingrun.  Kangxi said in his heart, I can't let Chen Huang delay his personal issues for state affairs.

    Kangxi was not being nosy, so he wanted to ask Chen Huang: "In Chen Qing's opinion, what is success and fame?"

    Chen Huang didn¡¯t know how to answer the emperor.  When he was young, Chen Huang failed in many examinations and was quite depressed. At that time, he thought that he would be successful as long as he passed the examination.  Later, Chen Huang felt the harm of the Yellow River flooding and personally visited the Ningxia Plain area of ??the Yellow River. When he drafted a plan to control the river and submitted it to the river governor, he thought that taking the opportunity of serving the imperial court to gain fame for himself would be a success.  Unexpectedly, it took several more years until he met Jin Fu, the governor of the river, and he became a water control staff member.

    After traveling up and down the Huanghuai River for several years, Chen Huang explored countless waterways and could not stop for a moment.  If he talks about his experience in water control, he can talk at length. If it comes to personal matters, Chen Huang has not even been back to his hometown a few times in the past few years. He really doesn't have the face to meet his elders in Jiangdong.

    Chen Huang hesitated for a long time before replying: "I am reporting this to the emperor. Common people think that if you can be reused by the imperial court, you can be regarded as having achieved fame and success."

    Kangxi sighed and asked Chen Huang directly, "What rank is your goal?"

    Chen Huang was shocked when he heard this and stood there for a long time before he dared to bite the bullet and answer: "Well, when you return to the emperor, ordinary people think that being like Lord Jin Fu can be regarded as being loyal to the emperor and serving the country"

    Kangxi understood clearly, it turned out that he was an official of the second rank, and Kangxi didn't think it was that high. Living out in the open air, dredging silt and strengthening embankments was not as comfortable as sitting in the office drinking tea and chatting with officials in the capital.  Moreover, a closer look at Chen Huang's appearance revealed that his face was full of weathered and gloomy colors. Some would believe that he was in his fifties or under sixty, but that he was a dark, poor, old bachelor.
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