Germany, Bavaria, central city of Munich, Soviet military positions
November 17, 1950, Friday, sunny
The whistling of Katyusha rockets overhead and the violent explosions that made the ground tremble are still irritating people's eardrums. In the two alleys running roughly north-south, T-34/85s that have just been started are seen one after another. The tanks moved towards the street entrance like a slow-flowing river. A large number of infantrymen wearing Soviet-made M40 helmets armed with submachine guns and semi-automatic rifles, carrying bullet bags and grenade bags on their bodies, followed their own tanks and gathered towards the street entrance. About 200 meters west from the rubble-strewn street entrance is Munich's famous Marienplatz. The Old City Hall, the Provisional Government of the Democratic Republic of Germany, and the Parliament are all located around the square. It can be regarded as the geographical and political center of Munich. In the past two weeks, the Soviet troops who invaded Munich have reached Marienplatz three times and been driven back by the German defenders three times. The fierce fighting turned the beautiful Marienplatz into ruins. Almost every crack in the stone slabs contained the blood of soldiers from both sides, but the fighting and bloodshed were far from over. As the roar of artillery fire gradually weakened, sharp whistles filled the urban streets on the west bank of the Isar River. The roar of tanks and the sound of "Ula" like a sea were accompanied by the roar of machine guns. The Soviets belonging to the Soviet Austrian Front The soldiers braved the hail of bullets and bravely moved forward. What drove them to fight tenaciously was no longer the sense of honor of chasing victory, but the irreversible fate. The strict orders from Moscow made every Soviet officer and soldier participating in the war aware of Getting to Munich has become the key to determining the direction of the war and the fate of the country. If Munich cannot be captured, whether they wait outside the city or retreat in an orderly manner, it will become the basis for the enemy's political propaganda. The Western camp, unwilling to fail, will also take this opportunity to threaten The Soviet Union, by then the Soviet Union will not only be unable to eliminate the hidden danger of Germany, but even its national security will be threatened again.
No matter how powerful the obstacle is, the tide will always come one after another and never stop. The "Ula" slogans of the Soviet officers and soldiers are like this surging tide, and dense machine gun bullets are flying across the narrow and cramped streets. Rockets trailing flames flew from all over the battlefield at any time and at any time. The Soviet tanks that led the infantry to attack were damaged and paralyzed one after another. Soon, only a few tanks rushed ahead. The rest were blocked by the wreckage of their companions, and hundreds of Soviet infantry had to use the ruins on both sides of the street to advance slowly; the powerful su-122/152 shells destroyed the defenders one after another, and countless pieces of rubble were destroyed. It was lifted up and fell like raindrops, but such bombardment was unable to tear apart the invisible defenders' defense line. The firepower point in front of them has been eliminated, and firepower from other positions will immediately make up for it. The closer they get to Marienplatz, the Soviet officers and soldiers must pay a very heavy price for every step forward. The road to victory is full of tanks. The wreckage and the remains of the soldiers
Munich. The economic, cultural, technological and transportation center of southern Germany and one of the most prosperous cities in Europe. It is known as the "village of one million people" because it retains the quaint style of the former capital of the Kingdom of Bavaria. The total urban area is close to 300 square kilometers. , the buildings in the old city are solid and compact, the industrial facilities in the new city are grand and durable, the rapid Isar River divides the entire city into two, and the ground conditions close to the Alps also provide convenience for city defense. After resisting repeated attacks by the Soviet army. Munich soon became "Germany's Stalingrad". And a purely defensive war was not enough to make it a turning point in the Second Soviet-German War. When the Soviet troops occupying the east, north and center of Munich made their last attempt to seize the entire Munich, the German army assembled in southeastern Bavaria had increased to 37 divisions and 22 regiment-sized army troops. On the German-Austrian border and in Austria, although the sabotage actions of German armed personnel and Austrian resistance organizations were countered by the Soviet army, with the arrival of the first snow in the Alps this winter, the efficiency of the Soviet army in transporting supplies from Austria to southern Germany The Soviet troops attacking Munich could only maintain the most basic logistics supplies. The biting north wind also sent a deep chill to the Soviet officers and soldiers who continued to fight hard.
At dusk on November 17, the Soviet red flag was planted in Marienplatz for the fourth time. In addition to the 27th Soviet offensive force, which stopped advancing due to excessive casualties, the 15th Infantry Corps, the 28th Infantry Corps, the 14th Mechanized Corps, and the 243rd and 244th Tank Brigades of the 10th Guards Tank Corps continued to attack the German army. Occupied in the West and Nancheng Districts. The offensive continued even after dark, and late that night, snow began to fall in southern Bavaria, located at the northern foot of the Alps. According to past climate, the first snow in Munich will also arrive in late November to early December. Facing the falling snowflakes, the reorganized 1st Army of the German Army and the newly formed 7th Armored Assault Division launched an attack on Rosenheim, located more than 50 kilometers southeast of Munich. After five hours of fierce fighting, most of the Soviet 32nd Infantry Division was annihilated. At the same time, the German Army's 5th Army and the 1st Imperial Expeditionary Corps launched an attack on M¨¹hldorf, more than 70 kilometers northeast of Munich, and captured it before dawn. City and severely damaged the units of the Soviet 9th Infantry Corps. As momentum buildsThe rising German army captured Rosenheim and M¨¹hldorf at lightning speed, and the pincer posture of counterattacking and surrounding the Soviet army in the Munich area was undoubtedly evident. Stimulated by this move, the Soviet army launched a fierce offensive along the W¨¹rzburg-Regensburg-Paschau line, intending to connect the eastern and southern theaters of Germany. It also used the Soviet reserve forces in Austria and the Yugoslav army. Rushing to support the Soviet army fighting in Bavaria, the Soviet army that occupied most of Munich only suspended its offensive without implementing a strategic retreat. This situation is reminiscent of the German 6th Army that was in a dilemma under Stalingrad in 1942, and from Moscow to Munich needs to travel more than 2,500 kilometers. Even from the Ukrainian border, there are still more than 1,000 kilometers. The winding roads and damaged and collapsed bridges all increase the logistical burden of the Soviet army. No matter how powerful the Soviet army is, At this point, it has become the end of the crossbow!
During the peak period of the counterattack, the German troops fighting on the northern flank of Munich quickly advanced towards the Austrian border after capturing M¨¹hldorf. They unstoppably captured Old Oetting and Burghausen within two days, and the troops on the southern flank also went smoothly. Passing through the Chiemsee area, the small town Laufen on the German-Austrian border was captured on November 21. So far, less than 100 kilometers of the German-Austrian border were in the hands of the Soviet army, and there were only three roads left for vehicles to pass. Judging from the map, the Soviet troops that invaded Bavaria are about to be surrounded by the German army. The situation is precarious, but it is still unclear who will win. On the northern front, the Soviet army's onslaught regardless of casualties soon paid off. The troops entering Germany from the Czech Republic captured Oosterhofen, west of Passau, on November 20. More than 100,000 Soviet troops crossed the mountain chasm through the breach. Intimidating the German garrison in Passau from the rear, one unit advanced towards M¨¹hldorf in eastern Bavaria; on the southern front, five Soviet infantry divisions reinforcing the front line quickly arrived at the German-Austrian border, consolidating the supply channel connecting Munich, and receiving The invited Yugoslav troops also arrived in Upper Austria one after another. Although this expeditionary force of about 150,000 was not as equipped as the main Soviet army, it was also an elite division that had been tested on the battlefield and was especially good at fighting in mountainous areas. The ideologically based camp war also weakened their differences and conflicts with the Soviet Union, allowing them to go to the battlefield with all their strength.
On November 23, in the Trostberg-Titmoning area, about 90 kilometers away from Munich and close to the German-Austrian border, a battle that locally affected the overall situation began. The German army moving south from Burghausen and north from Laufen intended to complete the encirclement of the Soviet army in Munich. The reinforced Soviet army resolutely held on and exhausted the enemy. Both sides decisively invested heavy troops from the beginning. After days of fierce fighting and long-distance marches, the offensive intensity of the German troops has been significantly weakened compared to the beginning of the counterattack, but they still have a strength advantage in this area, and the rain and snow weather also blocked the Soviet Air Force's efforts. In the battle for key positions, the German army rarely carried out high-intensity fire strikes. The continuous bombardment of large-caliber rockets was no less destructive than traditional heavy artillery. A few self-propelled artillery were also involved in front-line battles. In terms of weapons and equipment All that's left is the most elite Panther tanks and attack helicopters. The brave German infantry devoted themselves to the attack day and night, and managed to capture one Soviet position after another. During the battle, the German armed forces that penetrated into Austria were unable to lose the transportation facilities that the Soviet army relied on to transport soldiers and supplies. Launched attacks and even instigated a sizable uprising in the mountains of eastern Upper Austria. In the early morning of November 25, the German Army's 18th Infantry Division and the armored reconnaissance force of the Imperial 1st Expeditionary Regiment met on the battlefield, theoretically encircling the Soviet army in the Munich area, but this encirclement was still very small. Fragile. Later that day, the Soviet 14th Infantry Corps, which was affiliated with the Czech Front, broke through numerous obstacles and arrived at M¨¹hldorf, and then started a fierce battle with the German Army, which had less than one division of troops. In Passau, the German Army was attacked from both sides. The team also abandoned the defense and broke through on the night of the 25th. The Regensburg-Pasau defense line used to block the Soviet northern troops had completely lost its effect. News that was unfavorable to the German army came one after another, but the Joint Staff's counterattack deployment was still unswervingly implemented. The German Army retreated to the west of Munich after receiving reinforcements from the 7th Infantry Corps and the 4th and 9th American Assault Divisions. began to retake the city center area. To the south of Munich, the German army gradually repelled the Soviet troops besieging the city. On November 26, they merged with the garrison south of the city and launched a counterattack toward the city center from the south. At this point, the confrontation between the Soviet Union and Germany in southern Germany has become a race against time. One day earlier or one day later may determine the outcome of both sides.
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