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Volume 4 The Battle of Chibi Chapter 583 Three Provinces and Six Divisions

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    Feeling that the time was gradually ripe, Zhou Yu issued an order in November of the fifth year of Jingkang's reign to change the central official system to the "three provinces and six ministries system".

    The three provinces are Zhongshu Province, Menxia Province and Shangshu Province.  "Zhongshu takes the decree, the subordinates seal it, and the minister follows it." This is the principle of division of labor among the three provinces, thereby restricting each other to control the country's major affairs.

    The Zhongshu Province is mainly responsible for drafting imperial edicts in accordance with the emperor's will, and the responsibility for drafting is mainly borne by the people of the Zhongshu Sheng.  Zhongshu Ling is the governor of Zhongshu Province, and the deputy chief is Zhongshu Shilang.  As the person closest to the emperor, understanding the emperor's will and conveying the will are important abilities. Zhou Yu naturally wanted to appoint people with both talents and virtues. After some consideration, Zhou Yu appointed Sun Quan as the Zhongshu Ling and Liu Ba as the Zhongshu Ling.  Shu Shilang.

    The chief of the province is Shizhong, the deputy chief is Shizhong, and the main official is Shilang.  The Ministry of Menxia is mainly responsible for correcting the court officials' memorials and reviewing the edicts and edicts of Zhongshu. If they find them inappropriate, they will return them with seals and refute them, which is called "feng refutation".  The power of refuting and correcting is mainly controlled by Ji Shizhong.

    According to Zhou Yu's decree, the ministers were responsible for admonishing and correcting the emperor's faults. Their officers must be upright and not afraid of the powerful. Zhou Yu looked at all the officials in the court, but could not find a Ning like Wei Zheng who assisted Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty in history.  He had to criticize talents even to death, so Zhou Yu had to select people based on their talents, qualifications, etc., and finally appointed Lu Su as the minister of the province, Yu Fan as the minister of the province, and used young talents Sima Yi, Lu Xun, Zhao Zi and others to serve.  Lang.

    The Shangshu Province oversees six ministries, and its chief, Shangshu Ling, has great powers and responsibilities. To show his favor, Zhou Yu specially granted this position to Jia Xu, who had always made great contributions to his suggestions. The deputies of Shangshu Ling were left and right servants, respectively led by Chen  Gong and Zhuge Jin were in charge.

    Under the servants, there are the left and right ministers, the left and right ministers, the Yuanwailang, and the provincial ministers. For these important positions, Zhou Yu personally selected the personnel one by one, leading the new with the old, fully considering the inheritance of the personnel, and ensuring the position.  There will be no vacancies.

    There are six departments under the Shangshu Province, namely: the Personnel Department, which is responsible for the assessment, appointment and dismissal of officials below the fourth rank.  The Ministry of Accounts is responsible for finance and the treasury.  The Ministry of Rites is responsible for tributes, sacrifices, and ceremonies.  The Ministry of War is responsible for military affairs.  The Ministry of Justice is responsible for judicial and auditing affairs.  The Dali Temple is responsible for the specific trials. For major cases, the Ministry of Punishment, Yushitai and Dali Temple will be jointly tried, which is called the three judicial trials.  The Ministry of Industry is responsible for project construction.

    It can be said that the six departments of Li, Hu, Li, Bing, Xingong and Gong are the core departments that govern and manage the country!  The heads of these six departments have the official title of Shangshu and their deputy titles of Minister.  Zhou Yu spent a lot of energy on selecting the people in charge of these six departments!

    The Jiangdong family, which has always supported Zhou Yu's hegemony in the early stage, must not ignore it and choose the person with the most talent to take over.  After the Central Plains was pacified, the talents who surrendered must also be selected to take on important positions in the six ministries for the sake of stabilizing people's hearts and balancing the government.  In these years, some of the young officials who had been trained by the library and managed the local areas in Jingyang had outstanding performance and should be promoted to the imperial court for re-employment.

    The chief of each of the six departments of Lihu, Li, Bing, Xinggong is Shangshu, and the deputy chief is Shilang. The main officials of the six departments finally determined by Zhou Yu are as follows:

    The Minister of the Ministry of Personnel: Zhang Zhao, the Minister of the Ministry of Personnel: Zhuge Liang

    The Minister of Hubu: Lu Fan, the Minister of Hubu: Bu Jiu

    Minister of Rites: Chen Qun, Minister of Rites: Jiang Wan

    The Minister of the Ministry of War: Gan Ning, the Minister of the Ministry of War: Gao Shun

    The Minister of the Ministry of Punishment: Fazheng, the Minister of the Ministry of Punishment: Yuan Huan

    Minister of the Ministry of Industry: Liu Ye, Minister of the Ministry of Industry: Fei Yi

    With the structure of the three provinces and six ministries and the candidates for the chief officials determined, the central official structure of the imperial court has been determined. After three months of operation, the central official system was finally straightened out, and Zhou Yu immediately began the reform of the local official system.

    That is the provincial system.

    In real history, the provincial system began in the early Yuan Dynasty and was founded and implemented by Kublai Khan, the founder of the Yuan Dynasty.

    Zhou Yu knew that the provincial system of the Yuan Dynasty was a major development of the county and county system since the Qin Dynasty. It was conducive to the consolidation of a unified multi-ethnic country and had a profound impact on the Ming and Qing Dynasties and subsequent political systems. The provinces have since become a place in the land of China.  The administrative machinery was preserved to later generations.  In a unified multi-ethnic country, the contacts and connections between various ethnic groups have been further strengthened, resulting in another national integration situation in Chinese history.

    According to the provincial system of the Yuan Dynasty, each province "is in charge of the general affairs of the country, unifies the counties and counties, controls the frontiers, and is internally and externally connected with the capital and provinces It takes charge of all money, grain, soldiers and armor, farming, water transportation, and important military and state affairs."  , this is a kind of decentralization of central government and local administration. From an institutional level, the provinces in the Yuan Dynasty had vast jurisdictions, concentrated power, and unified local military, political, and financial powers.  The power of the province is extremely great.

    Zhou Yu knew very well that under the current situation, completely copying the provincial system of later generations would bring major disadvantages. Since the end of the Han Dynasty, many heroes have emerged. One of the root causes is the state animal husbandry system, which allows the state animal husbandry to have other  The power to rule a region has?The ambition to dominate the world.

    This point must be avoided.

    According to Zhou Yu's idea, the establishment of the provincial system would, in terms of scope, divide the original thirteen states of the world into dozens of smaller provinces, that is, the area that the provincial governors could manage would not exceed the original 3~  4 counties.  In terms of authority, provincial governors were only responsible for the administrative affairs within the region, and all taxes collected were turned over. The court then appropriated funds according to the circumstances of each province to maintain the operation of the administrative agencies.  Military power must be firmly in the hands of the imperial court. The garrisons in each province, except for the ordinary soldiers guarding the city, are all managed and dispatched by the Ministry of War. If the provincial governor wants to mobilize the army, he must obtain the consent of the Ministry of War.  .

    In this way, the power of centralization will be greatly increased, which was necessary in the early days of the founding of the Great China Empire.

    In February of the sixth year of Jingkang, Zhou Yu issued an order to change the local official system to a "provincial system"!

    The local official system before February of the sixth year of Jingkang still followed the prefecture and county system of the thirteen prefectures of the Eastern Han Dynasty, namely Sizhou, Yuzhou, Yanzhou, Xuzhou, Qingzhou, Liangzhou, Bingzhou, Jizhou, Youzhou, Yangzhou, Jingzhou, and Yizhou  , Jiaozhou.

    In the new provincial system, the thirteen prefectures were redivided into fifty provinces. For example, the six counties of Yangzhou were divided into four provinces: Huaibei Province, which governs Jiujiang County and Lujiang County, a total of 28 counties;  Anxi Province, under the jurisdiction of Danyang County and Yuzhang County, a total of 37 counties; Wu County was changed to Jiangdong Province, with 13 counties under its jurisdiction; Kuaiji County was changed to Jiangnan Province, with 14 counties under its jurisdiction.

    Other states follow this method.

    Before the introduction of the provincial government system, Zhou Yu had already summoned governors and prefects from various places to the capital and explained them respectively. Therefore, after the introduction of the provincial government system, things were calm in various places. Under the auspices of the Ministry of Personnel, the governors of each province  When the chiefs took office in their respective territories, some local wealthy families felt that their interests were touched, and under the heavy pressure of the court, they quickly accepted it.

    In March of the sixth year of Jingkang, the Xianbei cavalry invaded the northern part of Saibei. Zhou Yu sent out three cavalry groups: Zang Ba, Zhang Liao, and Xu Huang. They defeated the enemy, killing 60,000 enemies and capturing nearly 100,000 horses.  Among them, Zhang Liao went all the way to Mobei for nearly a thousand miles, directly captured the Xianbei Royal Court, and captured nearly a thousand Xianbei nobles. Xianbei's power has been in decline since then.  The other Hu tribes all surrendered.  The north of China has been stable for more than a hundred years since then.

    In June of the eighth year of Jingkang, outside the city of Jinling, twenty giant ships that took five years to build were finally completed. A huge naval fleet was about to set sail, targeting the countries in the East and South China Sea. Zhou Yu came in person to witness the symbolic symbol of  The majestic giant warships of China slowly moved away, imagining the scene of the coming of all nations, and my heart was filled with excitement.

    The Great China Empire finally became prosperous and powerful according to Zhou Yu's vision!  (To be continued. Please search Piaotian Literature, the novels will be better and updated faster!)
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