After telling a short story, Chu Chen continued: "Shang Fang is actually the official office in charge of manufacturing and supplying imperial utensils. It already existed in the Qin Dynasty and was the most famous in the Han Dynasty. The Shang Fang sword refers to the sword used by the emperor. " "In this story, the so-called asking for Shang Fang's sword is just a comparison of the sword to the emperor, hoping that the emperor will pay attention to the corruption of the prime minister. In fact, "The Biography of Cai Lun in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty" records that Emperor Liu Zhao of the Eastern Han Dynasty once ordered "Zhongchang." Attendant Cai Lun was appointed Shang Fang Ling, and the sword he made was the Shang Fang Sword. It was not for private use by ministers. Therefore, it was not until the Eastern Han Dynasty that the sword used by the emperor was clearly called Shang Fang Sword. Judging from the shape and other characteristics of the sword, it should have been made during the Western Han Dynasty. Although the decoration has the characteristics of an emperor's sword, according to historical records, it cannot be regarded as a true Shangfang sword." After hearing the end, everyone. Everyone felt a little disappointed. After working on it for a long time, it turned out that this was not Shang Fang's sword! Seeing everyone's disappointed look, Chu Chen [no][wrong] smiled and said: "What is Shang Fang's sword? Isn't it the emperor's royal sword? What does it matter if it is Shang Fang's sword? Besides, Shang Fang's sword is really no big deal. The effect in reality is not as exaggerated as shown on TV. "Huh?" Everyone looked surprised after hearing this. Chu Chen smiled and explained: "It's absolutely true. It is recorded in the almanac that in the Han Dynasty, there were cases where the emperor gave the royal sword Shang Fang to his ministers. For example, during the reign of Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty, the emperor gave the sword to minister Wei Wan, and Wei Wan He said, "The emperor gave me the sword Fan Liu. I didn't dare to give it away." "How valuable can it be to give away six swords at once? And it's obvious that people don't want it anymore." It's not a particularly rare object." Liu Sizhe said after hearing this: "Perhaps the Shang Fang Sword in the Han Dynasty was just something that the emperor usually used as a reward, and it did not have the meaning of granting special powers." Chu Chen nodded: "You are right. According to historians' analysis, in the Tang Dynasty, officials who were awarded the 'Shang Fang Sword' by the emperor did not yet have the power to 'kill exclusively'. The so-called exclusive killing means that they do not need to obey the emperor's orders and can kill at their own discretion. Meaning. " "In the Song Dynasty, the situation was different. The "Wu Jing Bei Yao" written by the Song Dynasty recorded: "Every time a general goes out to challenge, he will follow him with his sword. If he violates the order, he will obey." In other words, in the military affairs of the Song Dynasty, Shang Fangjian began to realize the power of "killing exclusively if I come in person". At the same time, in the same period, the Liao, Jin, and later Yuan and Ming Dynasties all had the power to kill. "Example of the sword's special killing power." "However, at this time, Shang Fang's sword special killing power was mostly used in the military field, mainly to solve the problem of the general's fear of missing the opportunity every time he went to the court during the battle. Question. It does not apply to 'Shang Fang Jian' in the judicial field. In other words, Bao Qingtian does not have Shang Fang Jian." Hearing this, Chu Yulan asked in surprise: "That is to say, our past understanding is all. "Wrong?" "It's not all wrong." Chu Chen said with a smile: "At least in the military field, Shang Fangjian can still play a role. For example, in the Song Dynasty, it was no. Anyone who obeys the order can be killed. In the Ming Dynasty, the emperor gave Shang Fangjian and could only kill officials below the rank of commander-in-chief, which limited the scope of the exclusive killing power, and it could only be within the jurisdiction. Otherwise, it would be an overstep of authority and the consequences would be severe. It won't get better. " "So, in reality, Shang Fang's sword is not as beautiful as in the opera novels, and there is absolutely no such system bug as "killing the ignorant emperor at the top and slaying the sycophant at the bottom" "Hi!" He said with a speechless face: "So, this Shang Fang Sword is just useless. Compared with the gold medal for immunity from death, it is simply weak!" "Don't mention the gold medal for immunity from death, this thing is not as good as Shang Fang's sword. What a scammer." Liu Sizhe said with a smile: "The real name of the gold medal for immunity from death in history is the 'Alchemy Iron Coupon'. This thing was invented by Liu Bang, the great ancestor of the Han Dynasty, mainly to reward those heroes who helped him conquer the world. Each hero was given one of these things to show that hereditary inheritance was not allowed and could be used by descendants. Then he put it very seriously into a gold box and kept it in the ancestral temple, which represented that the oath would not be broken from generation to generation. " "The result is, no. Not long after, the great hero Han Xin was deceived into the palace by Empress Lu and killed. She also killed Han Xin's three clans in succession. Although this has something to do with Han Xin not knowing how to behave and being too arrogant and domineering, Xiao He almost died in prison" "After talking about the Han Dynasty, let's talk about the Ming Dynasty which is relatively close to us. The great hero Li Shanchang should be mentioned here. Everyone has heard that when Zhu Yuanzhang first started to rebel, he rushed over to help and made great contributions to the establishment of the Ming Dynasty. " "Later Zhu YuanzhangHe also gave him an iron coupon for the Alchemy Book. Li Shanchang had read books and knew things about the Han Dynasty. He thought to himself, the current emperor Zhu Yuanzhang is more rogue than Liu Bang. He compared me to Xiao He and sent me this thing. This is a way to kill me. So he quickly resigned and went home. " "Those who are familiar with Li Shanchang should know that he did not hide in the end. Because Hu Weiyong rebelled, Zhu Yuanzhang insisted that Li Shanchang was the mastermind behind the scenes, and the whole family suffered a disaster. " After talking so much, Liu Sizhe almost dried up his saliva. He took a sip of tea and continued: "Look, this is the fate of people who have won the gold medal for immunity from death. At least Shang Fang Baojian is not so cheating. " Fatty Dong smacked his mouth and said, "It seems that this death-free gold medal is the same as Shang Fang's sword, and its functions are all based on dramas and novels. Su Jinning said: "Of course, otherwise it would not be a novel, but a history book." " Everyone laughed, and then Chu Chen said: "I'm going to get some tools and clean the sword a little, otherwise it will be inconvenient to identify it. " After saying that, he walked out of the door again, and walked in with a toolbox after a while. Opening the box, Chu Chen took out a special rag and a small bottle of solution. This bottle of solution was prepared by Chu Chen himself. It is specially used to clean the rust on the iron sword. Next, Chu Chen dipped the rag into the solution and gently wiped it on the iron sword. After a while, the rust on the surface of the iron sword faded and the patterns below could be distinguished. Come out. "Hey! " At this time, Chu Chen suddenly made a soft "eh" sound in his mouth. "What's wrong? "Wu Ke asked quickly. "Wait a minute. "Chu Chen waved his hand. Then he quickly took out a magnifying glass and looked carefully. He found that there were indeed some special marks on the iron sword. He thought about it and said with a smile: "Thinking of it, this iron sword is actually worth the money. ¡± Everyone was quite surprised after hearing this, especially those who were familiar with the swords of the Han Dynasty, and felt that this sword was very precious. This is because, judging from the unearthed things, the iron swords used by the nobles of the Central Plains in the Han Dynasty were in The swords and swords are rarely gilded with silver, and those equipped with pure gold and silver are even rarer. The former are mostly daily swords worn by princes and dignitaries, which are a symbol of status and rank; the latter are mostly short swords or swords. The dagger can be used for viewing at any time and can be used for personal protection. However, regardless of its shape and function, it is extremely gorgeous and dazzling. Chu Chen said: "Let's not say who used this sword. The gold and silver sword itself of the Han Dynasty. It's rare, and it's the first time I've seen gold inlaid on a sword like the Horse-Zhanjian. Both research value and economic value are very high! Fifth brother, what reward do you want? " Lao Wu laughed and waved his hand: "What kind of reward do you want? I took your salary. This is what I should do. " Chu Chen chuckled. Although Lao Wu said this, the rewards must be given. If there are no rewards and punishments. How can employees work for him with peace of mind? Liu Sizhe asked: "Brother Chen, is this sword the right one? The imperial sword of the Han Dynasty emperor? " Chu Chen said with a smile: "I can only say it is possible. As for the accurate results, we can only wait until the rust is cleaned away. " That's the answer. Everyone was a little disappointed, but when it comes to antique appraisal, you must not be careless. It's normal to not get the result for a while. " Next, everyone talked about antiques for a while. topic, when the time was up, some people left and went back. Before Lao Wu left, he said to Chu Chen: "Boss, the person who sold this iron sword told me that he still has some collections. Do you want to ask him to bring it over. have a look? " "I am very sure of that. "Chu Chen nodded. "Then when he comes over, I'll give you a call. I'm afraid it's like this sword that I can't tell the authenticity. " Lao Wu is not in a state of complacency because he picked up a big leak. He still does what he should do. This is what Chu Chen appreciates most about him. "Okay, but you also know that I have been busy recently. You are the most So that he can come over after I get married. " "Okay, I understand. ¡± ¡¡¡ Soon, three days passed. Chu Chen has been busy with the preparations for the wedding and the affairs of the courtyard these days. He finally got some free time and prepared to go to the museum to handle matters. Unexpectedly, as soon as he walked out of the door, the old man Wuji called him and said that the man selling the iron sword had just called him and said that he wanted to sell some of his collections, and that he was very pressed for time. Chu Chen had no choice but to change his schedule for today and drive to the antique store. . It¡¯s been a long time since I¡¯ve been to an antique store. Chu Chen felt very friendly and chatted with everyone.After saying hello, he went to his office to deal with some antique shop matters. In fact, if Chu Chen could not come to the antique store, Zhou Wenping would take financial statements and other things to Chu Chen to check for him every day. Therefore, Chu Chen was quite relieved about the antique store. After a while, Lao Wu informed Chu Chen that the seller had arrived. Lao Wu walked into the reception room with Chu Chen and Uncle Wu, and saw that the seller was a middle-aged man in his forties, sitting there in a daze with a slight frown on his face, as if he had something on his mind. The sound of Chu Chen¡¯s footsteps brought the man back to his senses, and then Lao Wu introduced the two parties. The man¡¯s surname was Shiluo, which had the same name as a famous official from the Wei State during the Three Kingdoms period. Chu Chen wondered if some of the man¡¯s elders liked to read the Three Kingdoms, so he came up with this name. After exchanging pleasantries, Shuang Shiluo couldn't wait to take out all the things he wanted to sell this time. While placing the things on the table, he said with a wry smile: "If it weren't for something happening this time, I would really I don¡¯t want to sell my collection. Please worry about it, Mr. Chu.¡± Because he still had to go to the museum to deal with things, Chu Chen said a few words of courtesy and picked up the things in front of him to read. Maybe it¡¯s because Shuang Shiluo prefers cultural relics from the Han Dynasty. What I brought over this time were all jade, bronze, and pottery from the Han Dynasty. Although there are many things, judging from the performance of these things. There are probably few or none that can compare with that Han Dynasty iron sword. While Chu Chen and Uncle Wu were appraising it, Lao Wu asked with some curiosity: "Mr. Shuang, I would like to ask a little presumptuously, why are you so eager to sell things all of a sudden?" In fact, after returning that day, Lao Wu asked Wu contacted Shuangshiluo by phone. At that time, Shuangshiluo told him that he had no plans to sell his collection for the time being. But in just a few days, Shuangshiluo suddenly became so urgent. No wonder Lao Wu felt strange. "Hey! It's bad luck for me" Probably because he felt too aggrieved, Shuang Shiluo rambled on about his troubles. It turns out that Shuang Shiluo, in addition to sometimes setting up a stall, is also a senior collector. Because he is particularly fond of the culture of the Han Dynasty, he mainly collects jade and bronze items from the Han Dynasty. Over the past few years, in the field of his research, not to mention how proficient he is, at least there are very few fakes that can deceive him. Because Shuang Shiluo has good eyesight. So some of his relatives and friends would bring them to him for appraisal if they had any corresponding antiques. He didn't take no for an answer, and the results were rarely wrong. A while ago, Shuang Shiluo¡¯s relatives brought a jade from the Han Dynasty for him to appraise. That piece of jade is well carved and of very good quality, which is very rare among the jades of the Han Dynasty. He estimated at that time that the value of the jade was about five to six hundred thousand. Shuangshiluo¡¯s relatives were very excited when they heard the news. He entrusted him to sell the jade as soon as possible, and Shuang Shiluo happily agreed. In order to maximize the price of jade. Shuang Shiluo took the jade to an auction company for auction. Unexpectedly, the auction company made a mistake in appraising the jade, and it was finally sold for less than 50,000 yuan. Shuang Shiluo was a little surprised by this result, but he thought that the experts hired by the auction company should be relatively authoritative and should not make mistakes. Because they had formal contracts and other documents, and were quite satisfied with the price, Shuang Shiluo¡¯s relatives did not blame Shuang Shiluo and even treated Shuang Shiluo to a meal as a token of their gratitude. Unexpectedly, the buyer turned out to be an expert on jade from the Han Dynasty. He published the results of his research in a magazine, and it happened to be seen by Shuang Shiluo's relatives. This was like poking a hornet's nest. Something worth 600,000 yuan was sold for less than 50,000 yuan. How could he give up? So, the day after Lao Wu finished calling Shuang Shiluo, his relatives came to his house and made a fuss. Speaking of this, Shuang Shiluo's expression was both sad and angry, and said: "In the past few days, my legs have almost run away. The auction company just refused to admit that they made a mistake, even though I finally got the person." According to the certificate issued by the expert, the attitude of the auction company is still the same. I have no choice but to solve it through the court. "In fact, it is not uncommon for "genuine products to be auctioned as fakes" at auctions like this. For example, It is said that Chu Chen made a mistake at the auction, and the famous Sotheby's auction company had news that it auctioned genuine items from collectors as fakes at low prices, and the seller was sued by the seller. This happens even to a large company like Sotheby¡¯s, let alone a less than first-class auction company? At this time, Chu Chen raised his head and asked with some confusion: "Mr. Shuang, if that's the case, why do you want to sell the collection?" Shuang Shiluo sighed: "Hey, it's not my relative. They don't believe me. They want me to pay back the money as soon as possible. My money has been used to buy collections. I can't get out five or six at a time." One hundred thousand? I have no choice but to sell these collections for money. Hey, I can¡¯t do anything good!¡± Everyone doesn¡¯t know how to judge what Shuang Shiluo said. For a gentleman, Shuang Shiluo It¡¯s hard to accept what a relative is doing, but what if the other person doesn¡¯t even have a bank deposit? Will he have random thoughts, and will he feel that Shuang Shiluo deceived him? What¡¯s more, there are winners and losers in a lawsuit, and Shuangshiluo¡¯s relatives must also consider what they should do if they lose the lawsuit. Therefore, it is difficult to say who is right and who is wrong in this kind of thing. After appraising all the things, Chu Chen said: "Mr. Shuang, these things are all genuine, but their value is not very high." Shuang Shiluo was quite happy at first. Hearing "The value is not high" Not high", his expression became sad again. He quickly asked: "Teacher Chu, how much are these things of mine worth in total?" Chu Chen replied: "I think a total of 150,000 for these things is about right." A mere 150,000 is obviously not double. Shiluo's request. He shook his head and sighed, then took out a box from his bag and opened it. I saw a few human figurines inside. Chu Chen took a closer look and couldn't help but be a little surprised. He didn't expect that these human figurines were actually made of lost wax glass. Lost-wax colored glaze, also known as ancient colored glaze, is made by hand using ancient bronze lost-wax casting technology. After more than ten manual manufacturing processes, it is refined and ground, and the mother stone of crystal colored glaze is melted in a furnace with a temperature of over 1000c. The natural flow condenses into noble, gorgeous and self-defeating colored glaze. Its color is flowing, beautiful and beautiful; its quality is crystal clear and dazzling. There are a total of five Shuangshiluo figurines, divided into dance, piano, harp and rhythm, etc., showing a song and dance scene. Detailed characterization. The lines are smooth and natural. Although the craftsmanship is crude, from the simple lines and shapes, people can feel the artistic appeal and rich expressiveness that music and dance bring to people. The clothes of these five figurines are all bottle green, which is similar to the color of beer bottles, but darker. The color is more in line with the characteristics of Han Dynasty colored glaze. In addition, we know that there are three categories of antiques, ritual vessels and daily utensils, and colored glaze is also among these three categories. Except for dragonfly eyes and glass vessels, most glass products (especially jewelry) are substitutes or imitations of other materials. Therefore, you can find corresponding objects of other materials in terms of function. Therefore, based on Chu Chen¡¯s experience and judging from the shape of these figurines, it should be the glazed music figurines of the Han Dynasty. In addition, the skin shell and patina on the surface of the figurines are added. It can basically be identified as an authentic product from the Han Dynasty. Seeing such an exquisite set of glazed figurines from the Han Dynasty, Chu Chen and others were amazed. They must know that dewaxed glazed glass requires dozens of careful manual operations to complete. A little negligence can cause failure or defects, and these colored glazes were made in the Han Dynasty when the glaze technology was not developed. Needless to say its preciousness. Putting the last piece of figurine carefully on the table, Uncle Wu said with some regret: "What a pity. This set of figurines should not be enough. If it can be a complete set, it would be perfect." "Mr. Wu, follow me. To be honest, it is not easy to buy these five musical figurines. If I could collect a set, I would not be willing to sell them." Shuang Shiluo smiled calmly and then asked. Said: "Teacher Chu, I think it is very possible to collect this set of musical figurines. I wonder how much these musical figurines can be worth in this case?" After hearing this, Chu Chen felt a little confused: "Mr. Shuang, I would like to ask a question. Since it is possible to get this set of figurines together, why don't you buy them all?" "This" Shuang Shiluo seemed hesitant at first and pondered for a long time. He smiled bitterly and said: "Mr. Chu, to tell you the truth, I jumped into a pit when I bought these pieces of figurines. I actually received these pieces of figurines from a farmer's house. At that time, his family I only found three pieces, and the price I bought them was relatively cheap. "What we didn't expect was that the farmer knocked down the old house and rebuilt it, and found six more pieces. Fortunately, they were picked up by a man. The shovel who received the goods saw it, so he bought the six pieces of figurines, and the farmer also told him that I also had three pieces in my hand. "The guy came to see me when he heard that I had three pieces in my hand." , he wanted to buy something back from me. Of course I didn¡¯t agree to such a good thing. Later, he came to see me several times and saw that I kept refusing, so he had no choice but to sell the thing. Me" ?At this point, Chu Chen finally understood why he jumped into the pit. It was most likely the shovel who raised the price. Although Shuang Shiluo disagreed, he was unwilling not to buy it, so he suffered a loss. And since I bought five pieces, I definitely want to get the next four pieces more. In this case, the other party can sit down and raise the price. As for why Shuang Shiluo hesitated just now, it is easy to understand. He was afraid that if he knew about it, he would not buy these figurines, or choose to lower the price. But he finally chose to tell himself the matter, which shows that his character is quite upright. Since you respect me a foot, I will respect you a foot. As long as the price given by Shuang Shiluo is reasonable, Chu Chen will definitely buy the thing, so he said: "Mr. Shuang, please give me a price. Shuang Shiluo pondered for a while and said, "Even if it's three hundred thousand, what do you think?" Chu Chen thought about it and felt that the price was relatively reasonable, so he agreed, and then asked: " What about your collection?" Shuang Shiluo said with a look of reluctance: "Sell them all, 300,000 yuan is not enough to compensate." Next, the two parties signed an agreement to complete the transaction, and Shuang Shiluo also took possession of it. The other four shovels of the figurines were told to Chu Chen. Seeing that his years of hard work were sold like this, Shuang Shiluo couldn't help but feel sad. He sighed and said goodbye to Chu Chen and the others. However, when he walked to the door, he came back and asked: "Teacher Chu, is it possible for me to win this lawsuit?". Chu Chen thought for a while and said: "I think winning or losing should be based on the condition that 'the auction house has no complete obligation to identify the authenticity of the seller'. If this obligation was stipulated in the agreement you signed, you should If not, it's hard to say. However, I'm not very familiar with the law. You'd better listen to the lawyer's opinion on this." "Okay, thank you, Teacher Chu" Seeing Shuang Shiluo. After walking through the door, Lao Wu said: "In the final analysis, this matter is not his fault. He obviously felt that his judgment was right. Why didn't he raise an objection at the time? Besides, the thing is not his own, so it should be more Let's be honest, now this has made him unlucky" (To be continued) PS: The chapter on the 30th! Chapter 1,100 Glazed Musical Figurines: