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Volume 1 Research on Zhao Jin, Taizu of the Han Dynasty (4)

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    Frequent disasters made the people of Xuzhou as strong and aggressive as the border peoples of the Ming Empire. They were not afraid of life and death, did not accumulate permanent property, and advocated force. This folk tradition was also one of the factors that led Zhao Jin to organize a strong army.  Not having the right location to rely on is a disadvantage in defense, but if you keep attacking, it becomes an advantage. You can draw out a considerable force at any time. When Zhao Jin has a capable force, he can threaten Ming Ming to the east.  The source of the empire's wealth - the Lianghuai Salt Fields, and seized the vast wasteland there, which existed to provide the salt fields with grass for cooking salt. This wasteland, which was twice the area of ??Xuzhou, became Zhao Jin's initial territory  , Zhao Jin set up a reclamation manor there, gathered the victims of the Ming Empire, made them his slaves, let them produce food for him, and turned these slaves into his own soldiers, craftsmen, and even officials.  The Ming Empire attached great importance to the gentry, but this emphasis turned into harm to the empire itself. It wanted to rely on the gentry as an extension of its political power, so it gave them various preferential treatment. However, this kind of preferential treatment was operated by the civil servants who came from the gentry class.  It has become a situation where there are only rights but no responsibilities.  The gentry took away the benefits, and all obligations and responsibilities were borne by the common people, which led to an extremely vicious cycle. Before Zhao Jin conquered the world, this vicious cycle was about to destroy the foundation of the Ming Empire and lead to an overall collapse.  The collapse of the gentry and the view of the gentry as companions and allies of the rule have led to such evil consequences. Everyone can understand this lesson clearly.  The military class of the Ming Empire is also a joke. In the past two hundred years, there have been very few shining generals. The garrison troops and hereditary officers everywhere have become parasites on the system. They know nothing about military affairs, but they  They became landlords who usurped military land. There was no essential difference between this class and the gentry. They were both wastes who only absorbed profits, did not create value, and did not bear responsibilities.  Neither the civil or military can rely on it, but the class that the royal family relies on as its partners is essentially the destroyer of rule. The outcome of the Ming Empire can be imagined. The common people who were constantly squeezed and tortured in this vicious circle lived extremely miserable lives.  People who were forced to leave their hometowns, went bankrupt and had nowhere to go were officially called "refugees" in the Ming Empire. The official attitude towards "refugees" was very cold, and they would often drive them away and ignore them, and even use force to suppress them.  kill.  Many of the refugees are poor people who have no resistance to changes in taxes and natural disasters. However, there are also many homesteaders whose resistance is not much stronger than the former. Their land and family property have also been misappropriated by local tyrants.  The irony is that if taxes change and natural disasters intensify, small and medium-sized landowners will also go bankrupt and lose their homes. Among this class, there are gentry, military households in the garrison, that is, the military serfs of the Ming Empire are also refugees.  Part.  With the participation of intellectuals and military personnel, refugee teams full of resentment against the system often become powerful destroyers, not to mention that there are cults with ulterior motives everywhere in the Ming Dynasty.  From the time Zhao Jin took up arms to the time he unified the world, the enemies who personally participated in most battles and wars were refugees and cult groups. After Zhao Jin's group became stronger, he no longer needed to participate in many battles. As we all know, Zhao Jin's first  The second queen, Ms. Mu Shulan, is a saint of the Wenxiang Sect, also known as the Chinese Orthodox Church. She has a status similar to that of the Pope and the Patriarch. The current Wenxiang Sect is not much different from Buddhism and Taoism in terms of doctrine, but the organizational system  It is very close to the Church of Jesus but more advanced. Nowadays, the teachings of Wenxiang Sect have spread everywhere with the conquest of the Han Empire, and they are fair and upright. However, during the Ming Empire, it was a standard cult for the purpose of amassing money and realizing the goals of careerists. But this  Several major actions of the cult were sabotaged and destroyed by Zhao Jin.  We are not going to talk about the entanglement between Zhao Jin and the Wenxiang Sect, but to elaborate on a larger topic. Zhao Jin has grown stronger in the battles involving the refugees. The reason why he involves the refugees is because behind every major refugee riot  There is always a hint of a cult.  The refugees themselves have little fighting power. A large number of refugees will loot villages and towns along the way. The deaths of refugees will cause diseases. This is where his destruction lies.  The scattered refugees are not worth mentioning when faced with the slightly organized and relatively well-equipped militia and regular army. However, this is a normal situation. It is completely different when a cult is involved. Take the several times when the Wenxiang Cult participated as an example.  , in the process of the flow of refugees, an extremely cruel selection is carried out, and horse thieves, bandits and exiled sergeants are absorbed as the backbone, and they are equipped with standard weapons. In the end, it will become an action of a small number of elite armed forces coercing the advance of the brigade. Such a situation has already  It is very close to the so-called "big army" of the Ming Empire.  In the face of such a force, the self-defense forces of the villages and towns and the official armed forces of the county are not worth mentioning. Several actions initiated by the Wenxiang Sect, without the appearance of Zhao Jin, would have caused great damage and shaken the Ming Empire's power.  Rule of the Southeast.  Of course, popular?After being defeated by Zhao Jin, it caused greater and far-reaching damage to the rule of the Ming Empire. This is what we are going to talk about next.  For various reasons, the areas of Huai'an Prefecture and Fengyang Prefecture adjacent to Xuzhou are very large, and most of these two prefectures are plain terrain. Their plain area is almost equal to the flat land area of ??coastal provinces such as Fujian and Zhejiang, but Huai'an Prefecture and Fengyang Prefecture  The two prefectures do not have a population commensurate with the land area, so there is a large amount of wasteland.  Zhao Jin's victory after victory did not mean killing all the enemies. In fact, after defeating the forces of the cult organization, the refugee group had no fighting power at all. It was not even coerced by the cult organization and could be "defeated" by just relying on food and resettlement.  A large number of refugees.  Victory brought Zhao Jin a large number of prisoners, and these people just made up for Xuzhou's manpower shortage.  Zhao Jin¡¯s victories brought him great prestige. Although he did not have any official name, Zhao Jin actually became the true protector of Xuzhou and the surrounding areas very early.  With his strength, it was easy to get the official name, but Zhao Jin refused. This was also proof that he had a plan. From this point of view, Zhao Jin had long wanted to replace the Ming Empire, and he was unwilling to accept it.  Names, just don¡¯t want to be constrained by these names.  Back to the topic, Zhao Jin¡¯s huge prestige and strength made officials and private individuals in nearby areas very awed by him, and they often tolerated his subtle and low-key intrusions. Some people began to resist, but these people were quickly and resolutely attacked.  of blow.  Zhao Jin's occupation of these "ownerless" wastelands is not plundering, but profit sharing, and he is willing to release part of the dividends. Compared with the inefficient management of local landlords and businessmen, the benefits Zhao Jin brings to them are often  It was larger than what was sold, which allowed Zhao Jin's supporters to rapidly expand.  Another point is that even though Zhao Jin had overwhelming strength, he never acted blatantly. All possessions of land and wealth were officially recognized, and all killings and attacks were kept as secret as possible. Although these possessions and  Everyone knew about the killing, but officially it was legal and no one could bring charges, and no one dared to bring any charges as long as it was fair enough.  Zhao Jin has almost no arrogance and vanity of young people. Many heroes have encountered setbacks in this regard, but not Zhao Jin. When he should be arrogant and restless, he still maintains the calmness that only older people can have.  Many researchers believe that this quality comes from Wang Zhaojing's father Wang Youshan, or partly from Dong Bingfeng's father Dong Jike. One of these two is a rare senior civil servant in Xuzhou, and the other is a mid-level military general. They have rich official experience.  and social experience, would make similar suggestions to Zhao Jin, but these arguments are not so convincing, because at that time, Wang Youshan and Dong Jike, who were ministers of the Ming Empire and vested interests, had no reason to treat the Ming Empire  Having alien intentions.  You must know that Zhao Jin¡¯s actions at that time went beyond the scope of earning wealth, and were actually separatist.  The ignorance and incompetence of the Ming Empire government was undoubtedly reflected in Zhao Jin's invasion. The reaction of local bureaucrats was that since no actual interests were infringed, since the city was still under their control, and since there was no reaction from powerful local people, then  Nothing has happened, so why bother? Besides, everyone has benefited from this matter. The refugee crisis has been lifted, and gray income has increased significantly. Why should we stop it?  Under such circumstances, Zhao Jin successfully implemented a separatist regime in the core area of ??the Ming Empire. The method he used seemed to be no different from the Ming Empire's guard system, but it utilized these populations extremely efficiently. More importantly,  Yes, Zhao Jin established a huge industry and commerce, such as brewing industry, iron industry, textile industry, shipbuilding industry, salt industry and so on. On the one hand, these huge factories created a huge amount of wealth for him.  The laborers working in the factory will be trained and adapted to discipline. The outstanding among them will become the backbone of Zhao Jin's system, and the others will be the basis for qualification.  We all know that the Han Empire was a pragmatic empire. It held a contemptuous attitude toward classics and highly respected the traditional despised official studies and business studies. Most of the civil and military officials in the first generation of the Han Empire came from Zhao Jin's workshop.  Most of them were legally "slaves" of Zhao Jin.  These refugees abandoned by the Ming Empire would have died worse than pigs and dogs, and their slightly more beautiful wives and daughters would have been sold like livestock. However, they had food and clothing because of Zhao Jin's shelter, and then they had their own lives in the new system.  With his wealth and value, he would naturally be loyal to Zhao Jin and become the most solid foundation of the Han Empire.
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