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Text 388. Commercial tax

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    In early April, Yuan Shao heard that Wen Chou had challenged him for nearly ten days. Cao Cao did not dare to touch his edge anymore. He was overjoyed and ordered to reward Wen Chou with gold and silk. At the same time, he sent orders to Yecheng and Liyang to ask Jushou and Guo Tulu to continue to provide food and grass and prepare an army.  Attack Cao Cao's camp with force.  ?1 Yuan Tan sent his troops to besiege Lu County, the seat of Jibei Government. Suddenly one day, 300 dead soldiers selected by Yue Jin came out of the city. Yuan Tan was unprepared, and many of the catapults were burned. The siege of Lu County was slightly relieved.  .  In Luoyang City, a message was received from Hedong that Ke Bineng had escaped from the territory.  The establishment of a rural nursing home will take a long time. Even if it is established, it must be observed for a period of time, and it cannot be fully commissioned from the beginning.  After the prefects and generals took charge of the area, Deng Jishang, Tian Feng, Jia Xu, and Xu Shu discussed various matters regarding the founding of the country every day in the General Wei's Mansion, mainly approving the tentative candidates for cabinet ministers, six ministries, and other upper and lower positions, salaries, etc., only Tian matters  I'm busy, so I only come here occasionally.  Hearing that Ke Bi Neng had escaped today, Deng Jicai couldn't help but raise a question: "Since we have determined that only Bu Du Gen will be included in Xianbei, why not kill Ke Bi Neng to avoid future troubles?" Jia Xu said with a smile: "My lord, you should know.  Although Bu Dugen is straightforward, his clan is like a tiger. If you want to feed a tiger, you must not feed it, otherwise it will go away. " According to Deng Ji's new system, the title "Lord" seems to be somewhat unworthy of the name, but Yue Yue  In this way, now Jia Xu and Xu Shu are shouting more and more sincerely.  Tian Feng just smiled and refused to say more to explain his disciples' doubts. After Jia Xu explained, fearing that Deng Ji still didn't understand, Xu Shu said again: "There are dozens of Xianbei tribes. Now they are becoming more and more powerful, but they have not yet unified. In fact,  We are already stronger than the Xiongnu and Qiang, so we must prepare early! If Ke Bineng is killed, Bu Dugen will definitely join his tribe when he returns. The two bases are far apart. Although Bu Dugen is grateful now, he will not be able to recover when he is strong.  If you ask for help from the lord, it will gradually become impossible for him to do so. It is better to keep Ke Bi Neng alive so that the two parties will continue to fight. Since Xianbei's strength is weak and he still has the ability to seek help from the lord, he will be less likely to rebel."  Deng Ji suddenly realized that political intrigue was not his strong point, so he had no choice but to ignore it and change the topic and asked: "What are we discussing today?" Xu Shu looked solemn: "Income and expenditure!" Upon hearing these two words, Tian Feng and Deng Ji  His face looked a little bitter.  Jia Xu said: "My lord is implementing the policy of the fourth class of people. The people's burden is far less than that of others. Can we slightly increase the people's tax?" "No!" Deng Ji firmly opposed this proposal: "The establishment of a rural nursing home should also take the lead.  After establishing regulations, the laws may change, but those who work in agriculture will never be given any additional taxes!" After conquering Nanyang from Liu Bei, the people under Deng Ji's rule now have nearly 700,000 households and a population of more than 3 million.  Under the policy of the fourth-class people, the annual tax revenue is close to 4 million dan. In addition, the government and the Zhen family have cooperated with the trading company, and branches have been opened in almost every county under the rule. They specialize in salt, iron, paper, etc., and the income is also  considerable.  With no aristocratic family involved, Deng Ji's government's annual income is already very good, but compared to other princes, its expenses are even more terrifying.  Under Deng Ji¡¯s command.  There are now more than 65,000 soldiers in the army. The salary of the brave soldiers is twelve stones per year, and the salary of the auxiliary soldiers is eight stones. Although the salary of the soldiers of Panshi, Pingliang and the empty shells of the armed guards is reduced by half.  But this item alone costs half a million dan every year, and the consumption of military rations is also calculated separately.  After each county collects taxes, it must first set aside a proportion of them for the use of official temples. Throughout the year, the expenditure on hiring people for work will be three to four hundred thousand dan.  In addition, there are also a large number of supervisors, officers, civil servants, county magistrates, county guards, and officers of all sizes.  It all has to be paid.  With the founding of the Yuan Dynasty, more positions will be added, and the village elders will also have to pay expenses. ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????¡»? It is necessary to avoid corvee and small taxes, and to prepare a strong army to dominate the world. These two things are contradictory. Deng Ji has come to this point. After discussing the salary of officials at all levels yesterday, the monarch and his ministers closed the door to settle the accounts. Suddenly, he found that  The annual income is no longer enough to pay the officials of the new dynasty.  ?One book?? The lord Deng Ji is very insightless. Most of the time, he does things according to the results of everyone's deliberations. However, once he insists on something, the civil and military people around him, including Tian Feng, will try their best to accommodate him.  , this is a situation that has been formed for a long time. Almost everything he insists on will have miraculous results afterwards.  Jia Xu proposed increasing taxes to solve the problem, but Deng Ji rejected it. He stopped insisting and frowned to find another way.  Increasing taxes to increase revenue did not work, so Xu Shu thought of cutting expenditures: "Can soldiers and supervisors be reduced in salary? Or should they be subject to forced labor?" This time, Tian Feng had already objected: "Soldiers and supervisors are the cornerstone of the country and cannot be destroyed!"  Only by doing corvee can we win the hearts of the people." Deng Ji also shook his head and disagreed: "The people under my rule will not be given any tax, nor will they be allowed to have corv¨¦e!" In fact, after these years of governance, the people of Sizhou have become very wealthy, and they are now home to common people.  There is plenty of food left at home, no?But it belongs to the people, not the government.  Deng Ji thought about it carefully, and the majority of the government's income in later generations came from industry and commerce.  When he came to this era, there was no need to think about industry. Everything that centralized craftsmen produced and could be sold to the public was already sold by the Zhen family.  The only thing left is business!  Under the fourth-class citizen policy, only the families of first-class meritorious citizens can do business. When the system was first established, there were not many first-class meritorious citizens. Deng Ji was embarrassed to collect taxes from these merchants who had already worked hard and made great achievements. His reputation abroad  It has always been bad. In order to attract more foreign caravans to transport scarce goods, no tax has been levied on foreign caravans.  But up to now, there are nearly 2,000 shops opened by first-class meritorious citizens in Guangluoyang City, and there are also many caravans entering from Hanoi and Nanyang. If Yuan Cao's war had not blocked the roads, there would have been many foreigners coming from Sishui Pass.  Caravans arrive every day.  The conditions for collecting business taxes are ripe, and the financial problem may be solved.  After Deng Ji figured it out, he asked: "How about a commercial tax?" Xu Shu asked: "Commercial tax? My lord wants to levy customs duties? Car and ship tax? Or imitate Emperor Wu's money order? Sizhou merchants are not limited to the city, the city  Taxes are difficult to collect. "In this era, commercial taxes are difficult to measure, and collection is difficult and complicated.  The several commercial taxes mentioned by Xu Shu are relatively common. Tariffs are taxes levied at checkpoints and important roads. They were not very large at the beginning and were not included in the national income. As long as they could provide food and clothing for the gatekeepers and soldiers, they would be fine.  The official administration became more and more heavy after the war, and it often depended on the mood of the customs officials. Most of them were about 20% of the value of the goods; the vehicle and ship tax was a tax on merchant cars and merchant ships over five feet long; Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty's money  The order was levied in proportion to the wealth of merchants and craftsmen. Many people hid their property for this purpose and were later accused of having their homes raided.  Deng Ji didn't know much about the commercial taxation system of later generations. He just felt that none of the taxation methods mentioned by Xu Shu were suitable, so he paced around and thought hard. After a while, he said: "Under the rule, all classes of people may be able to  When replacing the waist card, the new card has the same face as the old one, only the person's seal is engraved on the bottom side. Regardless of whether the merchant is a merchant, the government will give a certain amount of small tickets on time, and the merchant will write the selling price on it.  For one person, the buyer stamps the receipt, and the government collects the receipt every month, and pays a tax of 10 per cent according to the selling price. "Since Deng Ji frowned and walked around thinking, Tian Feng, Jia Xu, and Xu Shu's eyes have been fixed.  Staring at him and listening to what he said, it was really wonderful. Jia Xu said: "It's very good! Of course you should be careful about people imitating receipts!" This kind of business tax is not heavy, and the accumulated income is very considerable. Nowadays, under the rule of papermaking  He made rapid progress and could make paper with different thicknesses as needed. Xu Shu smiled and said: "This is very easy. The receipt can be kept as a stub and numbered!" The other three people nodded, and Tian Feng said again: "It should be widely publicized to the people.  If the merchant sells goods without his seal, and if he reports and verifies, he can get half of the merchant's property. " Tian Feng's intention is not over yet. Deng Ji added: "All the merchants who have been found to have evaded taxes have lost their property.  If you have been a sinner to the people of Sizhou for five years, you will never be allowed to do business again!¡± Even if the matter is settled, the rural nursing home has not yet been established, so any regulations agreed upon by the four people can only be implemented on a trial basis first.  Only then can these new things be used to discover and solve problems.  Deng Ji added: "Businesses from outside are only allowed to sell. If you want to buy something and sell it to other places, you must buy it from merchants who have contributed to the people under the rule. They are prohibited from collecting it from the people. Violators are as mentioned above. Businessmen under the rule will not be allowed to sell."  You can collect brocade silk, fish catch and other items for sale by yourself, and there is no need to pay taxes on the items sold by the people! " How many of the caravans that came and went sold out their goods and left empty-handed?  The content of the last words is nothing more than giving away the profits of merchants who have made first-class contributions, and also saving other troubles. After all, if the people are allowed to deal directly with foreign merchants, they will suffer even more losses.  Even if Gongmin monopolizes the acquisition, in this era, the appearance of the local people will not be too ugly.  Jia Xuchang said with a smile: "In this way, you don't have to worry about making ends meet! When the new coins are collected, soldiers and officials can pay half of their salaries, and don't pay all the food. If the government only grants small receipts to levy commercial taxes, should we build more buildings?  "A government office?" Xu Shu said: "Among the six departments, the Ministry of Industry has a simple and small number of affairs, so why not let it be under its jurisdiction?" Deng Ji, Tian Feng, and Jia Xu thought about it and considered industry and commerce as one, and they all nodded in agreement.  Things are happening one after another, and it has been very hard recently. After the discussion, Deng Ji moved his sore waist to the backyard and stayed in Wu Ai's room that night.  After Deng Ji withdrew from her body, Wu Ai tilted her head and leaned on Deng Ji's shoulder, whispering: "General, you know that I am the companion of the clan, and I am always afraid of having children. I often take pills to prevent pregnancy."  " Deng Ji was startled. When he turned to look at her, Wu Ai winked mischievously and said with a smile: "Thankfully, I heard about the new system and my worries are gone. I have stopped taking medicine today and I also want to raise a child for the general.  ¡± Indeed, as Deng Jidi established the new country, the two brothers Deng She and Deng Zhang reconciled and went in and out together every day, and Wu was in harmony.The relationship between Jiao Qin and Jiao Qin has also eased a lot. Although it is impossible to regain the original intimacy, the hatred no longer exists.  (Recommended tickets, monthly tickets, please) (To be continued.)
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