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Part One Russo-Japanese War Chapter 292 The Richest and the Poorest

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    China and Japan are two very strange countries.

    From culture to political system, the two countries have amazing similarities. The two countries are also generally consistent in the degree of military and technological secrecy. So much so that when the third Sino-Japanese War broke out, China successfully detonated the world's first bomb in the northwest.  Japan has received absolutely no information about a hydrogen bomb.

    If Japan knew about this kind of thing, it would be hard to say clearly what they should think!

    To this day, Japan from top to bottom still feels that China has indeed developed very fast in the past thirty years, but its technological level is barely the same as Japan's. Even people who hold this idea can do it in Japan.  It is called the pro-China faction.

    Most Japanese, including senior military and political leaders like Lieutenant General Norihiko Higashinonomiya, still firmly believe that China's technological strength is still inferior to Japan, so when the dozens of MBT33 tanks suddenly appeared on the battlefield, Higashinonomiya  A direct response from Lieutenant General Nen Yan and other Japanese generals was that China secretly purchased new tanks from Germany.

    ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

    "How stupid and rigid a mind must be to make such a judgment. This is simply like Taiwanese media people a century later openly laughing at the mainland people on TV shows that they are so poor that they can't even afford instant noodles.

    In short, it is a very magical thing.

    We must know that Japan¡¯s scientific research personnel and annual scientific research funding are not even a fraction of China¡¯s. If Lieutenant General Higashino Miyazaki and other high-level Japanese military and political leaders really go to China, they will see the real China in 1939.  What they are already like, they must be like those demented mental patients who feel that they are the stupidest idiots in the world.

    Japan was still working hard to research the fastest steam train in the world and named it the Asia. During the same period, despite the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War, the original industrial plan continued to advance without any changes.  The plan to transform the main railway lines into electrified railways is still going ahead as usual.

    Among the only six companies in the world that can produce large aircraft, China occupies three seats, and the overall scale and level of China's machine tool industry has maintained the first place in the world in the past ten years In this way, Japan has been mercilessly  And numbly ignored.

    From the aggressiveness of the Meiji Restoration to the rigid blockade of the Showa Period, Japan has changed so fast that even the Chinese wonder how Japan could be so stupid.

    Of course, if Japan insists on closing its ears and covering its eyes, and firmly believes that the Yamato race under the glory of the Emperor is the noblest race in Asia, while the Chinese race is one of the lowest, then nothing will happen.  You can not see anything, you can not hear anything.

    In short, to sum up the reasons why the third Sino-Japanese war broke out, the rigidity of the Japanese media and the stubborn right-wing reports that humiliate China should take the lead, but this should also be blamed on the overall fascism of Japan.

    From top to bottom, from the emperor to ordinary Japanese citizens, all Japanese believe that all the blame for the outbreak of this war lies with China and with what they say is "the one who is so arrogant that he doesn't even know that he is just an inferior nation."  "The China Empire. It is precisely because of China's long-term hatred of Japan that there are conflicts between China and Japan. It is precisely because China wants to use the illegal government of North Korea to occupy the entire Korean Peninsula that the Imperial Japanese Navy will send fleets to the high seas to demonstrate, and China  The navy's sneak attack completely broke out the war.

    This is the overall view of Japan.

    After the war broke out, unprecedented anti-Chinese sentiments spread throughout Japan. Japan supported the military extremely enthusiastically and unconditionally, vowing to defeat the China Empire, which was "so arrogant that it didn't even know that it was just an inferior nation."

    In China, the Chinese are also extremely angry and eager to completely defeat Japan.

    On the one hand, the Sanduao naval battle made the Chinese people angry and awakened the hatred of the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War. On the other hand, it inspired the Chinese people. The counterattack of the Imperial Navy and the Air Force caused heavy damage to Japan.

    The Chinese people were completely angry.

    The whole country was burning with the flame of revenge, vowing to turn Japan into a sea of ??fire. Mobilization for war became a bit redundant. Young people signing up to join the army almost overwhelmed all the recruitment stations in every city and town.  Recruitment offices across the country were filled with long queues, and the sales of national war bonds were sold out within half a month without any pressure.

    All military industrial enterprises across the country are operating at full capacity, stopping all the crazy operations during the holidays, recruiting new workers, and mass-producing new weapons and equipment for the military. The World Chinese Business Federation has launched a large-scale donation campaign around the world to provide support to the military.  Buy equipment, donate airplanes.

    ¡°Previously, whether it was World War I, the Sino-Soviet War, or the East African War, the Chinese people had never been so enthusiastic.The hatred accumulated between China and Japan over the past half century is so deep that neither people of the two countries can coexist.

    Especially in this era of nationalism.

    However, under such a big wave, the Song Emperor remained calm and sober, seemingly unmoved.

    A few days ago, he and Jiang Fangzhen and others had a final round of discussions on the overall strategy of this war, and finally determined the strategy and formulated a comprehensive combat plan. Overall, he followed his ideas and continued in about six months.  Strengthen preparations, buy time to accumulate more advantages, and start the real big offensive in March next year.

    The idea of ??the Song Emperor was very simple. He was not in a hurry to decide the outcome on the Korean Peninsula. Instead, he used military oppression in the stalemate stage to force the Japanese army to continuously transfer the main force to the Korean battlefield. When most of the main force of the Japanese army was concentrated on the Korean Peninsula,  Then launch a comprehensive offensive campaign and strive to resolve the war more on the Korean Peninsula instead of going to Japan for the main decisive battle.

    His guiding ideology and general strategy were unanimously recognized by all members of the Central Military Commission, because it would be quite stressful to fight on the Japanese mainland. Try to attract the main force of the Japanese army to the Korean Peninsula and encircle and destroy it on the peninsula.  The main force of the Japanese army, this is obviously the best choice.

    This morning, the Song Emperor signed an order approving the joint application of the Central Bureau of Secrecy and the Cabinet Ministry of Science, Technology and Industry to allow the special industrialization of semiconductor technology that was originally classified as super secret technology after the war.

    This means that within one year after the end of the Sino-Japanese War, if no new war breaks out, most of the technologies in the Empire's semiconductor industry will be able to be used in the commercial field, and radios, home appliances, computers, and communication equipment will all benefit from this.  Big lifting effect.

    Prior to this, the semiconductor industry could only be used in the military industry, and the scale of the three companies in the empire, Northeast Semiconductor, Beijing Semiconductor, and Jiangnan Semiconductor, had grown to a high level.

    Because the purification process of raw materials is very complex and difficult, requiring great process research and experiments, as well as a high level of production technology, the Empire is not worried about other countries quickly realizing the industrial production of semiconductors in the short term. It is expected that in the next ten years  , the empire will monopolize the world's semiconductor industry.

    Ten years is a long time, but it may also be a short time.

    Song Biao was not absolutely sure that the empire could occupy the leading position in the semiconductor industry for a long time, so while signing the application order approving the Ministry of Science, Technology and Industry, he also called Prime Minister Gu Weijun and asked Gu Weijun to go to the General Office of the Central Palace in person to discuss the matter.  Make a report.

    Gu Weijun also made mistakes sometimes. He thought that the emperor mainly wanted to listen to the cabinet's report on the mobilization of the Sino-Japanese War as well as material transportation and coordination. He prepared for a long time before bringing a thick stack of "Wartime Industrial Control Plan"  The summary report arrived at the palace.

    As the Prime Minister of the Empire, the Prime Minister has privileges in the Central Palace. Unless there are special circumstances, the Prime Minister can directly get a seat and report work in front of the Imperial Palace. The Prime Minister's seat is also very special, more luxurious and noble, symbolizing the Prime Minister's presence in the Central Palace.  A special status in the empire, second only to the emperor.

    Gu Weijun hurriedly arrived at the palace. After meeting the emperor in the general office, when the emperor motioned for him to sit down in front of the emperor, he couldn't wait to sit down and took out the thick stack of "Wartime Industrial Control Plan."

    Song Biao took a look and roughly knew that Gu Weijun had mistaken the point of the matter, but he did not dissuade him.

    Song Biao just wanted to take a break, so he lit a cigar and smoked it silently without saying anything else.

    Gu Weijun gathered his thoughts for a while, and then reported to Emperor Song: "Your Majesty, the cabinet has passed the "Wartime Industrial Control Plan" and is accelerating the production of military industry and the deployment of military supplies. The pressure of military debt sales is  It¡¯s very light. It is estimated that in the next two years, the cabinet can pay 7 billion in military expenditures to the military every year. If necessary, the cabinet can also pay an additional 5.5 billion in military expenditures in three years by using fiscal surplus funds.¡±

    Song Biao thought for a moment and asked Gu Weijun: "How long do you think this war will last?"

    Gu Weijun thought for a while and replied: "I think it depends on the emperor's will. If you just want to end the war, it can be done within this year. If the emperor decides to use this war to remove Japan from the seat of the great powers,  Erasure will make it difficult for Japan to threaten our country in the long term for decades, which may take two to three years, or even longer. Just considering the problem from the perspective of domestic economy, at this stage, the central finance of the empire is 1  If /3 is used for military expenditure, the economy will not become difficult for about two years, but if this situation continues for too long, more than three or four years, the impact on the empire's economy will expand.??¡±

    Song Biao reminded: "The situation around the world is becoming more and more complex, and the risk of a full-scale war between the Soviet Union and Germany is increasing. If Germany wins, it is very likely that Germany will continue to fight against Western Europe after obtaining sufficient resource guarantees. If it is  If the Soviet Union wins, the Soviet Union is likely to spread its ultra-left governmentalism throughout Eastern Europe and Germany, further threatening the world. Therefore, regardless of the outcome of the Soviet-German war, the risk of a larger-scale war breaking out around the world will further increase. In this way, China  We must not be alone in this environment. The cabinet must be fully prepared and not be blindly optimistic. It is not a bad thing to sell some overseas assets in advance to protect the reserve ratio of the central government."

    Gu Weijun was thinking silently and was not in a hurry to answer.

    The Sino-Japanese War can be described as a war between the richest country and the poorest country among the world's powers. The fiscal and taxation systems of China and Japan are two completely different situations.

    Japan implements a tax collection system. The central government collects all taxes and redistributes them to local governments. This is conducive to the efficient use of finances and the balance of local finances. During wartime, such fiscal policies are more conducive to maintaining the needs of the war.  This allows Japan to rely on its poor economic foundation to raise military expenditures that are equal to those of its opponent in a weak versus strong war.

    China implements a tax-sharing system. In the total national tax revenue, the central government and local provincial governments generally maintain a ratio of 6.5:3.5. The proportion of central taxes in industrial provinces is higher, while in agricultural provinces, the proportion of central taxes is lower.

    This tax policy is conducive to local governments implementing a certain degree of autonomy and ensuring basic provincial education, welfare, medical, industrial and agricultural support expenditures. Even in a war environment, local government fiscal expenditures are sufficient to maintain the overall stability of the country.

    Another point that is different from the Japanese government is that state tax revenue accounts for 3/4 of the total fiscal revenue of the Chinese central government, and the remaining 1/4 comes from overseas investments in central assets, foreign claims, national trust investments, and the added value of national strategic reserves.  Wait, this part of the income is basically equal to twice Japan¡¯s total national fiscal revenue for the whole year.

    Of course, Japan does not care about such a gap. When they defeated the Manchu Qing Dynasty and Tsarist Russia, they basically faced such a huge difference, which made Japan never feel that national financial expenditure is the key to determining military victory or defeat.

    In 1938, China's GDP accounted for more than 38% of the world's total, with a total amount exceeding 251 billion Chinese yuan. The total national tax revenue was 44.37 billion Chinese yuan. Central tax revenue including tariffs accounted for 67.43%. Central overseas claims and domestic and foreign trusts accounted for 67.43%.  Total assets are 137 billion yuan, and the value-added payment income from overseas debt and trust investments that year was 9.14 billion yuan.

    China is what it is today, largely thanks to World War I and the Great Depression of 1929. It was the huge trade surplus and venture capital during these two crises that caused the scale of central trust assets to increase in the past two decades.  70 times. The total overseas assets of less than 2 billion Chinese yuan that year were far lower than those of Britain, the United States, France and Germany. After World War I and the Sino-Soviet War, by confiscating the assets of Germany and Tsarist Russia in overseas colonies, it became the world's second largest  Britain, the United States, and France were the fourth largest overseas investors. In 1929, during the Great Depression, the empire further surpassed the United States, Britain, and France and became the world's largest capital exporter and creditor country.

    At the same time, China is also the country with the largest economic aggregate in the world. Both industrial output value and agricultural output value rank first in the world. The total output is 1.5 times that of the United States. It is also the country with the largest foreign trade surplus in the world.  .

    It is precisely because of this financial and economic foundation that the imperial prime minister Gu Weijun has enough ambition and patience to deal with this war. With the empire's current economic strength, maintaining an annual military expenditure of 7 billion within three years is not a serious problem. In this way  The expenditure accounts for only 17.5 of the total central fiscal revenue.

    It has an impact, but not much.

    Gu Weijun considered the Song Emperor's reminder and guessed that instead of the world environment becoming increasingly dangerous, it was better that the Emperor was preparing to deal with the two biggest threats to the Soviet Union and Japan at the same time during this period, and it was very likely that Germany would also have to deal with it.  , coupled with the policy of containment of British and French colonies, and the absolute confidence to possess nuclear weapons, the emperor should have made up his mind to fight a new world war, and rely on the war to establish the empire's hegemony in the world in one fell swoop.

    He does not support the emperor's ambition, but his father-in-law Tang Shaoyi is a warning, not to mention that the empire does have such strength.

    After careful consideration, Gu Weijun simply replied to the Song Emperor: "Reporting to the Emperor, I expect to issue more than 40 billion yuan of war bonds domestically, half of which will be purchased by the Central Bank and the Asian Bank. In terms of the central bank's current gold and  As far as silver reserves are concerned, the central bank can definitely do this."

    Song Biao nodded slightly and said: "This is the best. Being prepared is always better than being unprepared., Actually, I didn¡¯t ask you to come here this time to ask about these things. I have already approved the Ministry of Science, Technology and Industry¡¯s application report on the commercialization of semiconductor technology. Since you are here, please take this approval back with you.  As a monarch, since you have decided to do this, I naturally should not oppose you, but I need you to ensure that the empire can maintain a long-term lead in this field, or even an absolute advantage.  Therefore, I agree to approve the case, on the condition that you, the Prime Minister, and your cabinet must come up with a long-term plan with at least a ten-year cycle, and maintain absolute leadership in the world in the fields of talent training, industrial support, and scientific research.  status.  I don¡¯t need to continue to emphasize the importance of the semiconductor industry to national industry and technological progress, as well as the overall importance to national defense. As for how to formulate this long-term plan, I hope you will come up with a reliable and stable plan as soon as possible.  !  "

    Gu Weijun replied: "Reporting to Your Majesty, plans in this area are being formulated. It is currently expected to focus on promoting semiconductor and electronic disciplines in six national universities and seven private universities across the country, and to establish separate electronic application departments at the Central University of Science and Technology and Tianjin Beiyang.  The university will set up a professional electronic college. In the materials discipline, the empire will also uniformly increase semiconductor materials tutorials. In the technical field, the government plans to establish an electronic technical school in Tianjin, Shanghai and Aurora to cultivate professional talents. In terms of industrial support  The government is considering setting up special support funds and policies to encourage companies to continue to increase research and development in this field. The government will also strengthen national basic research in this field through the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Central Computer Research Institute. There is also a proposal to establish  Central Semiconductor Research Institute will strengthen its advancement in this field."

    Song Biao was basically satisfied with this plan and suggested: "Xi'an can also be promoted as the focus of the development of the semiconductor industry. The School of Electronics can be established at Xi'an University through a national approach. Xi'an is the western university that we want to promote. Cities, but both Xi'an and Shaanxi lack sufficient industrial resources, so developing the semiconductor and aviation industries is a good option. Considering the military industry, Xi'an, as the safest hinterland in my country, is also more suitable to strengthen investment in the military industry."

    Gu Weijun agreed: "The Emperor is wise."

    Song Biao could only sigh and said: "It is not difficult to formulate policies. The key lies in specific implementation. Research and talent training in this field must be fully strengthened. No matter how the war is fought, scientific research in this area must be fully strengthened."  No expense can be saved.¡±

    "yes!"

    Gu Weijun agreed immediately.

    As for other things, Song Biao didn¡¯t have much to ask for the time being, so he asked Gu Weijun to go back early and consider some new ideas and methods in this aspect to ensure the empire¡¯s long-term advantage in this emerging field.  (To be continued. Please search Piaotian Literature, the novels will be better and updated faster!)
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